Nintendo DS emulators

Nintendo DS

Developer	Nintendo
Manufacturer	Foxconn
Type	Handheld game console
Generation	Seventh
Release date	November 21, 2004
Discontinued	Yes; date undisclosed
Predecessor	Game Boy Advance
Successor	Nintendo 3DS
Emulated	✓

For emulators that run on the Nintendo DS, see Emulators on Nintendo DS.

The Nintendo DS (DS) is a handheld console produced by Nintendo and released on November 21, 2004, and had 2 ARM CPUs (ARM9 and ARM7) with 4 MB of RAM and was priced at $149.99 ($256 in 2026). The main selling point was the use of dual screens for gameplay, with one being a touchscreen. It was Nintendo's best selling portable console and best selling hardware overall (154.02 million units), having come close to the PlayStation 2 in lifetime sales (over 160 million units) until officially being surpassed by the Nintendo Switch in early 2026 (155.37 million units). This popularity came as a result of attracting many casual players, and even non-gamers, into the gaming community.

Remember, certain titles such as DSi retail and DSiWare games are exclusive to the DSi. Make sure your chosen emulator supports these variations (see "DSi-exclusive features" section) if you want to play them.

Emulators

Before editing, review the getting involved and recommended pages. See system requirements page for performance demand of the emulators.
See tables for enhancements and hardware features & peripherals.
For more details such as licensing, programming language, emulation method, visit each emulator’s dedicated page.

Name	Platform(s)	Active?	Latest version	License	Compatibility	libretro core	DSi	Recommended? (overall)
PC
melonDS		✓	Dev builds Windows Ubuntu macOS-universal 1.1 libretro core	GPLv2 (Copyleft)	? (Issues)	✓	✓	✓
melonDS DS		✓	libretro core git	GPLv3 (Copyleft)	?	✓	✓	✓
DeSmuME		✓	0.9.13/Nightly libretro core	GPLv2 (Copyleft)	? (Issues)	✓	✗	✓
DraStic		✗	0.1 Pyra	Proprietary	4.55% 49 out of 1078 titles 67.12% 49 out of 73 reported titles	✗	✗	~
BizHawk (melonDS)		✓	Dev builds 2.11.1	MIT BSD-3-Clause	?	✗	✓	~
No$GBA		✓	3.06	Proprietary	?	✗	✓	~
CorgiDS		✗	git SVN	GPLv3 (Copyleft)	?	✗	✗	✗
dasShiny		✗	git	GPLv3 (Copyleft)	?	✗	✗	✗
DualSOUP		✓	git	?	?	✗	✓	✗
DuoS		✗	8/25/2012 Beta	Proprietary	?	✗	✗	✗
dust		✓	git	GPLv3 (Copyleft)	?	✗	✗	✗
Ensata		✗	1.4d	Proprietary	?	✗	✗	✗
GBE+		✓	1.10	GPLv2 (Copyleft)	?	✗	✗	✗ (WIP)
guac		✓	0.0.4	BSD-3-Clause (Permissive)	?	✗	✗	✗ (WIP)
iDeaS		✗	1.0.4.0	Proprietary	?	✗	✗	✗
mGBA/medusa		~	alpha 2	MPL 2.0 (Copyleft)	?	✗	✗	✗ (WIP)
ndsemu		✗	git	?	?	✗	✗	✗
NeonDS		✗	0.2.1	Proprietary	?	✗	✗	✗
NooDS		✓	git	GPLv3 (Copyleft)	?	✗	✗	✗ (WIP)
SkyEmu		✓	Dev Builds v5	MIT (Permissive)	?	✗	✗	✗ (WIP)
Mobile
melonDS (unofficial) melonds_libretro		✓	git 1.10.0 libretro core WatermelonDS fork	(Copyleft)	?	✓	✓	✓
DraStic		✗	r2.6.0.4a build 109 SeedlessDS fork	Proprietary	11.78% 127 out of 1078 titles 87.59% 127 out of 145 reported titles	~	✗	✓
melonDS DS		✓	libretro core git	GPLv3 (Copyleft)	?	✓	✓	~
DeSmuME_libretro		✓	libretro core	GPLv2 (Copyleft)	?	✓	✗	~
Delta		✓	1.7.3s git	AGPLv3 (Copyleft)	?	✗	✗	~
iNDS (nds4ios-derived) (DeSmuME-based)		✗	git	Proprietary	?	✗	✗	✗
nds4droid (DeSmuME-based)		✗	git	GPLv3 (Copyleft)	?	✗	✗	✗
nds4ios		✗	SVN	Proprietary	?	✗	✗	✗
NooDS		✓	0.1 git	GPLv3 (Copyleft)	?	✗	✗	✗ (WIP)
SkyEmu		✓	git	MIT (Permissive)	?	✗	✗	✗ (WIP)
Folium		✓	App Store ($) 2.0 Latest IPA	GPLv3 (Copyleft)	?	✗	?	TBD
Manic EMU		✓	2.0.0 git	AGPLv3 (Copyleft)	?	✗	?	TBD
Provenance		✓	3.3.0 git	?	?	✗	?	?
Retro Pal		✓	1.2.5	GPLv3 (Copyleft)	?	?	?	TBD
NiN10		✓	3.6	Proprietary	?	✗	?	TBD
Console
Virtual Console		✗		Proprietary	Only for selected titles	✗	?	✓
DeSmuME_libretro		✓	0.9.13	GPLv2 (Copyleft)	?	✓	✗	✓
DeSmuME PSP		✓	V4 Experimental	GPLv2 (Copyleft)	1.48% 16 out of 1078 titles 25.4% 16 out of 63 reported titles	✗	✗	~
DeSmuME Wii		✗	r185	Proprietary	?	✗	✗	~
DesmumeX		✗	0.87	Proprietary	?	✗	✗	~
melonDS melonds_libretro		✓	libretro core git (Switch) git (Vita Port) git (PS2 Port)	GPLv2 (Copyleft)	?	✓	✓	~ (WIP)
NooDS		✓	git (Switch/Vita/WiiU) git (PSP port)	GPLv3 (Copyleft)	?	✗	✗	~ (WIP)
DSonPSP		✗ (POC)	0.7	?	?	✗	✗	✗
Browser
DeSmuME		✓	0.9.13/Nightly libretro core	GPLv2 (Copyleft)	? (Issues)	✓	✗	✓
dust		✓	git	GPLv3 (Copyleft)	?	✗	✗	✗

Native

Name	Platform(s)	Active?	Latest version	License	Compatibility	DSi	Recommended? (overall)
nds-bootstrap		✓	2.13.1	GPLv3	98.79% 1065 out of 1078 reported titles	✓	✓
TWL-FIRM		✗		Proprietary	No documented issues	✓	✓

Comparisons

melonDS

Unlike DeSmuME, melonDS has some DSi support. In terms of being user-friendly, options in melonDS are more simplified. Has similar DS game compatibility as DeSmuME. Both can run games at a higher internal resolution (sharper 3D objects) and can open ROMs inside a compressed archive (ZIP, RAR, 7Z etc.). Both can display the two screens in a variety of ways, but melonDS has a hybrid mode. (Example) While the developers of No$GBA had documented the Wi-Fi capabilities first, melonDS is the first and only emulator that has gotten as far as it has, and it has been found to work reasonably well with a handful of games. Switching to OpenGL in core options may give a performance boost, with 1.0 RC version OpenGL compute shader renderer introduced similar to other compute shader renderers. In May 2023, it was confirmed that there are plans for high-level emulation of Arm7 on MelonDS. The project is codenamed MelonHLE.

melonDS DS

An enhanced remake of the melonDS libretro that prioritizes standalone parity, reliability, and usability. Features included in this remake that were not available in the melonDS libretro core include full Wi-Fi support (Kaeru WFC, AltWFC, Wiimmfi), firmware overrides (name, color, birthday, etc.), homebrew save data support, screen rotation in the core settings (as the screen rotation feature in RetroArch's Video settings did not rotate touch inputs for melonDS and DeSmuME and can distort the screen), additional screen layout options, directly boot Nintendo DSi and DSiWare titles (unlike the standard melonDS — which requires manually installing DSiWare to the DSi NAND via its GUI — the MelonDS DS Libretro core includes the convenient Streamlined DSiWare Installation feature), RetroAchievements support for DSi(Ware) games, battery support, and selectable NAND and firmware images. However, some melonDS libretro core features aren't yet presented in this remake, such as local wireless connection, GDB Stub Support, DSi Camera support, and OpenGL compute shader renderer, but some are planned to be implemented. With that stated, this remake is not a perfect replacement for the melonDS libretro core but has its uses that the original core and the DeSmuME libretro core lack.

melonDS-Android

An unofficial Android port of melonDS by rafaelvcaetano, this Nintendo DS/DSi emulator is available on the Google Play Store for free. As of Beta 1.8.0 on February 3, 2023, which is based on melonDS v0.9.5, this emulator includes a DSiWare Manager, which allows users to install and play DSiWare titles in the emulator after booting the DSi boot menu. DSiWare title data is importable/exportable since Beta 1.10.0 on March 10, 2025. DSi camera has been implemented since Beta 1.9.0 on November 2, 2023, as well as RetroAchievements support for Nintendo DS games (DSiWare games booted from the DSi boot menu are not supported). External screen support from SapphireRhodonite's fork (melonDualDS, currently known as WatermelonDS) was implemented in melonDS-Android's v2.0.0 release on April 18, 2026, but SapphireRhodonite's fork is more optimized for dual/external screens. DSiWare titles can also be boot directly in the v2.0.0 update; DSiWare titles booted directly are detected by RetroAchievements.

WatermelonDS

A fork of melonDS-Android by SapphireRhodonite (assisted by melonDS-Android's developer rafaelvcaetano), WatermelonDS (formerly known as melonDualDS until update v0.7.0 on August 7, 2026) has support and optimization for external screens, allowing the player to use both Nintendo DS game screens on two screens for gaming handhelds and accessories such as AYN Thor, AYANEO Pocket DS, ONEXSUGAR Sugar-1, Retroid Dual Screen add-on, and more (though, lower-end devices like Anbernic RG DS may struggle), though single-screen devices are still supported. Also includes Vulkan support since the v0.7.0 beta, and a brand new user interface as of v0.7.0 release when melonDualDS was rebranded as WatermelonDS. v0.7.0 also has fixes and optimizations for RetroAchievements (including detection for games in .7z archives, Multiset support, and the ability to earn achievements offline in Casual mode; though the latter has been implemented in RAOfflineProxy), and an experimental Vulkan feature called FastPath, which improves performance at higher resolution scaling. Like melonDS-Android, this fork can also boot DSiWare games directly (and has RetroAchievements support), or be booted indirectly by installing them in the DSiWare Manager and booting the DSi boot menu.

DeSmuME

DeSmuME has gained significant improvements since 2018; new features include less CPU/GPU resource usage and high-resolution 3D rendering, and Wi-Fi emulation has been reintroduced in the latest builds. v0.9.13 from May 2022 is the first "Stable" build in over 7 years and is highly recommended over all previous builds (though dev builds are also generally very usable). OpenEmu uses a shallow fork of the v0.9.11 build and should be avoided as well.

DraStic

A (currently) closed-source emulator for Android devices that can run games at a decent speed even on potato phones. It is on par with (or in some cases better than) DeSmuME, and emulating it through BlueStacks on PC may actually be a viable and fast alternative aside from a slight input delay. Some rumors have spread around that the developers deliberately put in issues to mess with unofficial copies, though this is considered unsubstantiated. At the very least, you shouldn't expect any support from Exophase and company if you use an unofficial copy. It is available on the Raspberry Pi and Odroid via RetroPie, and runs relatively well. As of March 5, 2024, due to yuzu lawsuits mainly focused on the Zelda franchise, the creator made it free and plans on open-sourcing the code.

SeedlessDS

A fork by SapphireRhodonite built on top of the DraStic r2.6.0.4a core, this fork includes optimizations for dual/external screens (DraStic already had external screen support), a brand new user interface, and experimental RetroAchievements implementation (not yet supported officially), while keeping the emulator lightweight for low-end devices. This fork is meant for RetroAchievements users with a low-end Android device like the Anbernic RG DS that lacks the CPU/GPU power to run Nintendo DS/DSi games in melonDS-Android/WatermelonDS, but it can also be used on single-screen devices.

No$GBA

Focuses on speed, and has major compatibility issues and glitches as a result. Because it was initially a GBA emulator, the DS' 3D features are still very poorly handled. It is a good option for low-end machines, but don't expect a lot of games to run perfectly. A fan program, No$Zoomer, was released for version 2.6, which increases compatibility and options, as well as the titular zooming and resizing abilities. The biggest addition is noise cancellation which clears up static No$GBA makes with its 3D rendering. It doesn't change accuracy though. No$Zoomer never rebased to newer No$GBA versions, and it looks like it was abandoned, so it likely never will. In v2.8, No$GBA became the first emulator to support DSi games, which has been their most notable feature. Only use No$GBA for DSi games that don't work on other emulators, debugging (if you've taken up ROM hacking for DS games or homebrew development), if you value speed above everything, if you're using a potato PC, or just as a last resort.

BizHawk

Uses melonDS 0.9.5 core for Nintendo DS and DSi emulation, mGBA or VBA-Next cores for Game Boy Advance emulation

Delta

An open-source multi-system emulator for iOS with the ability to emulate many consoles and handhelds, including the DS. Since version 1.3, Delta Emulator allows you to emulate Nintendo DS with a DeSmuME or melonDS (0.9.1) core. You will need to have DS BIOS or DSi BIOS to play DS/DSi games in Delta using the melonDS core. It also allows you to boot into DS/DSi home screen and functions similarly to melonDS.

NooDS

A one-man project aiming for simplicity and speed, filling a similar niche as the old NeonDS or No$GBA. It's a WIP that is currently not nearly as accurate as competing options, but it now includes HLE firmware re-implementations to allow running games straight out of the box. It's also one of the few modern DS emulators to support playing GBA games.

mGBA/medusa

mGBA developer endrift is also creating a DS emulator, but it is very much a work-in-progress and isn't nearly as far as melonDS in terms of the capabilities it's covered. As of March 2018, medusa's development is "suspended until further notice".

iDeaS

An abandoned and experimental DS emulator that uses a plug-in system, it is very slow and buggy but has partially gotten some features working, like the camera and slide accessories.

Ensata

Nintendo's official DS emulator that was leaked to the public. It is not very usable or compatible, but it can run a few games.

nds-bootstrap

nds-bootstrap is an application for Nintendo DS, DSi and 3DS that allows DS and DSi ROMs and homebrew homebrew to be booted from SD cards (DSi/3DS) or flashcard (DS). It is included in TWiLightMenu++, where selecting a game will start it via nds-bootstrap, but games can also be started straight from the 3DS home screen by creating shortcuts with forwarders such as YANBF. In terms of enhancements, it supports cheats from usrcheat.dat (different databases even include analogue control patches for 3DS), a widescreen mode, which stretches the image to fill the whole upper screen of the 3DS (the internal resolution stays at the DS's 256x192, however), and, in contrast to all the emulators so far, it even supports "overclocking" in the form of booting 3DS games in DSi mode (with the DSi's clock rate of 133 MHz, double the DS's 67 MHz), which significantly increases the frame rate of certain games (Rayman DS, Trackmania DS, Trackmania Turbo etc.).

Comparisons of several Nintendo DS emulators:

• Looking Toward the Next Generation of DS Emulators (By Dolphin tester, JMC47, AKA Justin M. Chadwick. 5 June 2017. Tested emulators: melonDS (0.2 and 0.3), medusa (Alpha 2) & GBE+ (1.1) compared to the mature DeSmuME.)

High resolution

melonDS

Has an OpenGL renderer with upscaling as of version 0.8. The renderer is much faster than DeSmuME's and supports increasing the internal resolution up to 16x native resolution. More features, such as texture filtering, are planned.

DeSmuME X432R

A fork of DeSmuME that has graphical enhancements, such as an option to increase internal resolution and use MSAA. The devs of DeSmuME have now included an option for increased internal resolution (see below), making X432R outdated. See the DeSmuME page for more details.

DeSmuME (libretro)

Also has the option to increase internal resolution since the 8/8/15 git commit. It requires a very high-end CPU to run at a reasonable frame rate.

DraStic

Has released a beta version supporting double the original resolution.

Virtual Console (Wii U)

Has a configuration file with support for x2 internal resolution without any significant performance hit (as well as a brightness setting). However, there is no legit way to enable it without a homebrew-enabled console.

Enhancements

Please only include recommended emulators in this table. Do not bump or spam GitHub threads, issues, or feature request pages.

Name		melonDS	melonDS DS	DeSmuME
Controls	Input lag mitigating	?	✗	✗
	Mouse injector	~	?	✗
	Turbo button	?	?	✓
Graphics	Better texture filtering Enhancement option for providing better texture filtering methods comparing the original hardware had.	?	?	?
	Pre-rendering anti-aliasing (SSAA, MSAA)	✗	✗	~ MSAA only.
	Resizable internal resolution	✓	✓	✓
	Super resolution (FSR, DLSS, and XeSS)	Requires access to the depth buffer and temporal data like motion-vectors, so it is quite challenging and unlikely to be possible soon. Besides any GPU that can use DLSS can run these emulators at 4K native with ease anyway.
	Texture packs	WIP	✗	✗
	Widescreen hack Widescreen is possible thanks to specific codes made by the community for a lot of DS games.	✓	?	?
Performance	Frame generation technologies (LSFG, DLSS-FG and SM, XeSS-FG, AFMF and FSR FG)	Implementing frame generation technology in an emulator is unfortunately quite challenging and unlikely to be possible soon however post-processing techniques such as motion interpolation is quite possible. Input latency will be a crucial factor, but its impact likely varies depending on the specific technique used, it is recommended to use after applying the "Internal frame rate hack". While AFMF or LSFG could be used with melonDS or DeSmuME?, please be aware some visual glitches and artifacts may occur at this time.
	Internal frame rate hack	?	✗	✗
	Overclock	~	?	?
Post-processing	AI-powered filter (Freestyle)	?	?	?
	Filters	✗	?	✓
	Inverse tone mapping	?	?	?
	Post-rendering anti-aliasing (FXAA, TXAA, and MLAA/SMAA)	~ Only possible with software renderer.	?	~ Supports MSAA but there is no post-rendering AA technique supported.
	Post-rendering scaling (Sharp bilinear, Lanczos, and FSR 1)	✓	?	✓
	Shader chain	~	✓	~
Quality of life	Automatic updater	?	?	?
	Big Picture Mode	?	?	?
	Command-line options	?	?	?
	Built-in cheat manager	✓	✓	✓
	Built-in mod editor and manager	✗	✗	✗
	Built-in patch manager	?	?	?
	Built-in save manager	?	?	?
	Pause/Resume emulation	✓	?	✓
	Per-game profiles	~	✓	~
	Portable and stealth Useful enhancement feature for non-personal computer use or plug-and-play scenarios. However, the software may still require the necessary prerequisites and dependencies for your operating system if it is not statically linked.	✓	✓	?
	Streamable compression format	✓	✓	✓
TAS features	Fast forward/Turbo speed	✓	✓	✓
	Frame step (forwards and backwards)	?	?	?
	Macros/Scripts/Lua	WIP	?	✓
	Movie recording/playback	✗	✗	✓
	Rewind	✗	✓	✓
	Save states	✓	~ Save states not available for Nintendo DSi(Ware) titles in MelonDS DS.	✓
Misc.	Audio filters and presets Simulation of characteristic playback limitations and coloration of vintage consumer audio hardware, such as CRT television speakers, arcade cabinets, handheld consoles, early PC sound outputs, and low-fidelity integrated speakers. These filters are not intended to be perfectly accurate recreations, but rather to evoke the tonal qualities, distortion, bandwidth limits, resonance, and compression associated with 8-bit and 16-bit era devices. Examples include mono or narrow stereo output, reduced frequency response, speaker cone distortion, mild saturation, aliasing, and preset lo-fi profiles inspired by classic TVs, portable game systems, radios, and retro multimedia hardware.	Exclusive to libretro cores at the moment.
	Debug features	✗	✗	✓
	EmuVR support	Exclusive to libretro cores at the moment.
	File browser Lets the user look at the ROM's internal files.	✗	✗	✗
	Free Look Free Look is an enhancement feature that allows manipulation of the in-game camera.	✗	✗	WIP
	Multiple screens	✓	?	?
	Netplay	✗	✓	~
	RetroAchievements	~ Nintendo DS RetroAchievements is exclusive in libretro cores and the unofficial melonDS Android port. DSi games aren't supported in these emulators/cores for RetroAchievements.	✓ DSi RetroAchievements is supported in BizHawk's MelonDS core and the MelonDS DS libretro core.	~
	Rich Presence (RPC) Allows the emulator to share real-time game session details (e.g., current game title, level, boss, playtime, or custom status) with external applications. This enables features such as displaying what you're playing on your profile, inviting friends to spectate, or triggering join-in-progress functionality where supported.	?	?	?
	Screen translator Using optical character recognition (OCR) and other techniques, this feature can provide live translation of in-game text, text-to-speech for visually impaired users, and more — either on demand or automatically.	You can use RetroArch's AI Service or the standalone offline bquenin's Interpreter.

Hardware features and peripherals

Please only include recommended emulators in this table. Do not bump or spam GitHub threads, issues, or feature request pages. Also see this article.

Name				melonDS	melonDS DS	DeSmuME	GBE+
Hardware features	Connectivity	Infrared cartridge		?	?	?	?
		Wi-Fi	3DS connectivity	✗	✗	✗	✗
			Multi-Card	✓	✗	✗	✗
			Online	✓	✓	~	?
			Single-Card (DS Download Play)	✓	?	✗	?
			Wii connectivity	✗	✗	✗	✗
	DSi-exclusive features	Game formats	DSi-enhanced	✓	✓	✗	?
			DSi-exclusive	✓	✓	✗	?
			DSiWare	✓	✓	✗	?
		Outer and inner cameras		?	?	?	?
		SD card		✓	✓	✗	?
		System BIOS		✓	?	?	?
	Game Boy Advance backwards compatibility			✗	✗	✗	?
	Input	Microphone		✓	?	✗	?
		Pressure-sensitive touchscreen		✗	✗	✗	?
	iQue DS region lock			~	?	✓	?
	Sleep mode			✓	✓	?	?
	System BIOS			✓	?	?	?
Peripherals	DS camera			✓ melonDS supports outer and inner cameras in Physical Camera mode and as Image File.	~ DS camera is supported but DSi camera is not yet supported in melonDS DS.	✗	?
	Fitness	Bayer DIDGIT		✗	✗	✗	✓
		Pedometer	Activity Meter	?	?	?	✗
			Pokéwalker	✗	✗	✗	✗
			Teku Teku Angel	✗	✗	✗	✗
			Ubisoft Thrustmaster pedometer	?	?	?	✓
	Nintendo Wireless Keyboard			✗	✗	~	✗
	Slot 2	Beypoint Reader & Beypointer Option Pak		?	?	?	✗
		Directional Sensing Card		?	?	?	✗
		Expansion Pak		?	?	?	✓
		Facening Scan/DS Scanner		?	?	?	✗
		Game Boy Advance Game Pak		✓	✓	✓	?
		Guitar Hero pad		✓	✗	✓	✗
		Magic Reader		?	?	?	✓
		Piano for Easy Piano		✗	✗	✓	✗
		Play-Yan		?	?	?	?
		Rumble Pak		✓	?	✓	✓
		Sega Card Reader		?	?	✓ Supported in the latest nightly builds, on Windows only.	✓
		Slide controller		✗	✗	✗ There is an open pull request that implements support for this add-on.	✗
		Solar Sensor		~ Only manual configuration. No automatic detection. Since Lunar Knights is a DS game, no solar sensor could fit onto a cartridge. However, functionality is available if one of 3 original Boktai GBA games is used.	✗	✗	✗
		Taito paddle controller		✗	✗	✓	✗
		Tilt sensor		✓	✗	✗	✗
		Wave Scanner		?	?	?	✓
	Special hardware	Wantame Card Scanner		✗	✗	✗	✓
	Wappy Dog			✗	✗	✗	✗
Misc.	Battery			✓	?	?	?
	Cartridge hot swapping			?	?	?	?
	Cartridge tilting			There is no emulator currently includes built-in cartridge tilting simulation. As a workaround, you can try the external Real-Time Corruptor (RTCV) tool. It is a real-time memory/data corruption tool for inducing glitches during emulation, which might mimic some effects of cartridge tilting (e.g., visual/audio artifacts or crashes). However, it is not a true "cartridge tilting" simulator, as it works on live memory rather than simulating cartridge read errors.
	Smart Navi Car Navigational System			✗	✗	✗	✗
	System lights			✗	✗	✗	✗

Connectivity

The DS offers five types of connections:

• Local wireless communications - (Multiple cartridges)
• DS Download Play - (Single cartridge)
• Wi-Fi Connection - (Online multiplayer)
• DS/Wii connectivity
• GBA/DS connectivity

The major challenge with emulating multiplayer functionalities is timing inaccuracies, which have made many projects, such as DeSmuME, not want to implement them. So far, the only emulator to actually make any progress is melonDS, but even that is still under development.

Infrared Cartridge

Special NTR-031 cartridges with in-built IR ports. Other than connection to pedometers (Personal Trainer: Walking connects to Activity Meter and Pokémon HeartGold/SoulSilver connect to PokéWalker), also used for Entralink in Pokémon Black/White/Black 2/White 2 and for Memory Link from B/W to B2/W2.

Local wireless communication

Players who have a copy of the same game can link together using the DS's wireless signals (given that the game offers this feature).

melonDS supports wireless communication with several games, including New Super Mario Bros. and the Pokémon games, but you need to have either multiple instances opened, which can slow down overall performance, or connect multiple computers via LAN. No$GBA can connect but fails before the actual connection is finished.

DS Download Play

This feature allows players with a DS and only one copy of a game to play together (Single-Card Play). This way, not everyone needs a copy of a game. The player with the physical cartridge will host the game while the other players connect using a "downloaded" version received from the host. Normally they're either simple mini-games, stripped-down demos of the main game, or a limited version of multiplayer. In most cases, it is better to use multi-cart instead. However, some games, like Mario Party DS, require Download Play to use its multiplayer.

Download Play is supported by melonDS. Like with local multiplayer, it is very hit-and-miss, but unlocking the frame rate helps. melonDS will often fail during the download process, but some games actually go as far as booting and sometimes in-game as well.

Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection

Main article: Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection

DS/Wii connectivity

Uses wireless communication on the DS to connect to the Wii. The idea is parallel to the GBA Link Cable for the GameCube, and just like the Link Cable, only a handful of games actually have this feature. Some notable examples include:

• Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: Echoes of Time - which is essentially the same as the DS port but can connect with other DSes with the game.
• Pokémon Battle Revolution - in which players could transfer their Pokémon from the Generation IV main series games and use the DS as a controller.
• Animal Crossing: City Folk - in which data could be transferred between the DS version (Animal Crossing: Wild World), and the Nintendo Channel on the Wii, where players could download demos of DS games to their console using Download Play (basically the same idea as the Download Station kiosk).

So far, no emulator has been able to emulate this feature, nor have attempted to. If this were ever going to be emulated, it would require work on both ends.

GBA/DS connectivity

Inserting a GBA cartridge in the Slot-2 of the Nintendo DS while a game is running can unlock various gameplay features for several DS games.

It is unknown if No$GBA supports this, but it can be done in DeSmuME by going to Config > Slot 2 (GBA Slot) and selecting GBA Cartridge. Select the GBA ROM file, and make sure its .sav file is in the same folder. You may need to reset the game for it to take effect. As of version 0.9, melonDS supports GBA connectivity (melonDS DS libretro core support guide) and even added support for the solar sensor on GBA Boktai cartridges used in Boktai DS (Lunar Knight), something DeSmuME has yet to support. Either drag and drop the GBA ROM onto the program before starting or open the file before loading the NDS file.

Backwards compatibility for Game Boy Advance/GBA Mode

The Nintendo DS is backward compatible with Game Boy Advance (GBA) cartridges. Shouldn't be confused with Game Boy Advance emulation or GBA/DS connectivity. None of the emulators supports this feature currently.

Accessories

Guitar Hero pad

Used in the "Guitar Hero: On Tour" series (required) and Band Hero DS. Supported by DeSmuME (Slot 2).

Piano for Easy Piano

Supported by DeSmuME (Slot 2).

Taito paddle controller

Compatible with Arkanoid, Space Invaders Extreme, Space Invaders Extreme 2, and Space Bust-a-Move. Supported by DeSmuME (Slot 2).

Tilt sensor

Also known as Motion Pak, it's used in "Tony Hawk's Motion/Hue's Pixel Painter." No emulators support this add-on yet. (Slot 2)

Pressure-sensitive touchscreen

Used in "Harvest Moon DS," "Colors!", "Metroid Prime: Hunters," "Okamiden" and "Rhythm Heaven." No emulators support this feature yet (can work with analog triggers or DualShock 2/3 pressure-sensitive face buttons).

Rumble pack

Supported by DeSmuME (Slot 2). Requires compatible Joystick.

Slide controller

Required by "Slide Adventure Mag Kid." No emulators support this add-on at the moment. There is an open PR for DeSmuME that implements this add-on.

Nintendo Wireless Keyboard

Bundled with Learn with Pokémon: Typing Adventure (JP/EU/AU). The game refuses to boot without a keyboard, but it can be run on emulators with an anti-piracy fix and another DeSmuME-specific save bug fix. There is also a pre-patched ROM. While it is playable using the on-screen keyboard on the lower screen, the keyboard isn't emulated. There is a Lua script that permits using the actual keyboard by mapping presses of the actual keyboard to taps of the virtual Touch Screen. However, you will need to blank out all the control/hotkey bindings of DeSmuME if you're going to play this game, because some of the keyboard keys also activate some controls; otherwise, pressing the Q key would also pause the game, given one example. A recommendation would be to have a separate copy of 32-bit DeSMuMe, which purpose is playing *only* this game. In that copy, place the patched ROM, the Lua script, and a 32-bit version of lua51.dll. (The platform used in building the .dll shouldn't matter.) Even then, not only is the emulated workaround a little slow, but saving is still broken. Use savestates instead.

DS camera

Accessory bundled with the Japan-only Face Training (European localization for Christmas 2007 was canceled, and it was released as a retail DSi game in 2010 using the internal camera rather than the original accessory). Not to be confused with the built-in DSi camera. No emulators exist for it at all.

Bayer DIDGIT

A glucose meter for diabetic children with a game called Knock 'Em Downs: World's Fair that rewards them for checking their blood sugar levels regularly. The game has been dumped, but no support for the glucose meter peripheral exists as of the time of this writing; it may, however, be possible to add reward points through Action Replay codes, not to mention that the game will still function without the glucose meter attachment anyway (albeit with reduced functionality, of course).

iQue DS region lock

iQue is Nintendo's Chinese subsidiary (previously a partnership between them and Wei Yen until 2013), so when they released the DS with a few localized games, their ROMs had special flags set in them to check if the hardware that ran the cartridge was iQue's or Nintendo's as a sort of region lock. Nintendo's own hardware would fail this check, throwing an "Only for iQue DS" error in white text on a black background. No other DS games have this mechanism, not even for Korean releases. This region lock is bypassed by the 3DS for these DS games, even though 3DS games have their own region lock. It is weird.

Emulators differ in their behavior to this region lock. No$GBA crashes, while DeSmuME can load them. However, for melonDS, you need a Firmware Dump from an iQue DS; otherwise, it will replicate the region lock.

The only way the ROM will accept other hardware (and thus emulators) is with a hack involving a simple byte change. Use a hex editor to change the byte located at 0x1D from value 80 to 00.

Other issues

Certain games, such as American Girl titles (e.g., Julie Finds a Way and Kit Mystery Challenge), suffer from severe flickering issues which keep those games from being playable on most emulators. DraStic was the first emulator able to run the two games properly, and while DeSmuME r5043 had an initial fix that worked around the glitch, it was removed in later revisions as it broke compatibility with Pokémon SoulSilver, among others; this has since been patched on r5531 once the true nature of the bug was better understood. The fix would be later incorporated into other emulators. Ultimate Mortal Kombat suffers from flickering and slowdown due to the way it loads sprites, though it isn't as serious in DraStic. Star Wars: The Clone Wars – Jedi Alliance is an even more egregious example, crashing due to timing differences between actual hardware and an emulated system.

Nintendo DSi

Nintendo DSi

Nintendo DSi console in black
Manufacturer	Nintendo
Type	Handheld game console
Generation	Seventh
Release date	November 1, 2008
Discontinued	September 30, 2014
Predecessor	Game Boy Advance
Successor	Nintendo 3DS
Emulated	✓

Released on April 5, 2009, the Nintendo DSi added new lighting effects, an inner and outer 0.3 megapixel digital cameras, 16MB of RAM (compared to the previous 4MB of RAM), a faster ARM9 CPU clocked at 133 MHz, and offered downloadable titles called "DSiWare". It costs $169.99 ($255 in 2026) at launch and later dropped to $149.99 ($222 in 2026). The system, however, was region-locked, meaning DSi exclusives from different regions couldn't be used. It also did away with backwards-compatibility by removing Slot-2, which was used to load GBA cartridges and certain accessories (such as the Rumble Pak).

DSi emulation has been pretty neglected due to its small library of exclusive games and lack of DSi-enhanced titles that provide anything major besides camera support. The only thing really notable is DSiWare, which saw several exclusive releases.

No$GBA added support for DSi games of all three formats starting with version 2.8, although some games won't boot and others have graphical glitches. You will need to enable "16MB DSi/retail" under the settings to use it. Compatibility is very iffy due to No$GBA's already poor DS emulation, and the camera is just spoofed as a static image and will cause the emulator to crash whenever used, meaning games that use it may boot, but won't be very playable.

DSi used an encryption system for the game dumps that went on to be enhanced and used for the 3DS. This encryption is checked at start-up, hence why some Nintendo DS emulators don't even manage to boot DSiWare dumps. It's very unlikely DSi-mode emulation is ever going to be implemented in DeSmuME in particular due to various creative differences unique to that project.

As of version 0.9, melonDS has DSi emulation. It can connect to the internet and can play games with WFC online using libslirp or libpcap. It could become the most usable option for DSi emulation soon. Most of it is being done using the documentation that the No$GBA dev has already compiled on the subject (GBATEK).

DSi Game formats

There are three types of games that uses the DSi hardware enhancements:

DSi-enhanced retail cartridges

A regular game cartridge that is compatible with the older NDS models, but unlocks more RAM and features when used on the DSi (commonly it is just camera support, but may provide better performance with the extra RAM). Only a couple of games had this feature and it's similar to how some late Game Boy Color games (mainly the ones made by Capcom or WayForward in the early 2000s) would offer additional feature if played on the Game Boy Advance. These games will still boot on any NDS emulators, but will be detected as if it was on the original DS and will not load any DSi enhancements. DSi-enhanced games will also have an animated icon when displayed in the boot menu of the DSi, and the titleID on the cartridge will say TWL instead of NTR.

DSi-exclusive retail cartridges

Retail cartridges that rely on the DSi hardware features. An error screen will show when attempting to load one of these games on a regular DS console (and by extension, emulators also). These cartridges where white instead of gray and only five games were physically released this way, either as launch titles or because they were too big to be sold as DSiWare (see below).

DSiWare

Downloadable titles only available through the DSi Shop (discontinued as of March 31, 2017). They have a 16MB size limitation due to the small size of the internal NAND and a lot of interesting exclusives for the system were released as DSiWare. The Nintendo 3DS eShop also had some DSiWare for purchase (which used to be the only legal way of getting them), though it uses a different file packaging format than the DSi. The 3DS itself is also capable of running other DSiWare since the firmware used for backwards-compatibility is the same as the DSi.

All three formats can be converted to .nds format. Compared to regular DS games, DSi games have some additional header information not even correctly dumped in most early sets. Recent sets have since updated to the correct format. DSiWare dumps can exist in both .nds format and .cia format (for installation on a homebrewed 3DS).

Even though it's possible to convert these titles to .nds, when attempting to run these games on a normal emulator, it will either show an error message (when attempting to run a DSi-exclusive title), or will crash on boot-up (when attempting to run DSiWare) due to missing encryption abilities and lack of DSi hardware support. DSi-enhanced games will run as if it was on a regular DS model.

On the DSi/3DS family of handhelds, the first two formats can be played on some select DSi-compatible flashcarts like the discontinued and expensive CycloDS iEvolution flashcard (which won't work on a stock 3DS unless you install custom firmware to whitelist it). As for the third type, some are only available for digital purchase at the 3DS eShop and are installed as apps to the limited TWL NAND. Users with custom firmware can also convert DSiWare to an installable .cia and even dump already installed ones back to .nds. Since both the DSi Shop and 3DS eShop have closed, the only way of getting DSiWare on the original system is by homebrewing your DSi and launching the .nds ROM through Unlaunch or TWiLight Menu++.

DSi Emulation Tutorial

BIOS Files

DSi emulation requires a copy of the lower 32K-halves of the ARM7/ARM9 BIOS files (BIOSDSI7.ROM and BIOSDSI9.ROM), which are different from the regular DS BIOS files and needed for the decryption. melonDS also requires these files along with the regular DS BIOS and the DSi's firmware.bin. These unicorns can be found here.

It is also advised (but still completely optional) to use a NAND dump for No$GBA to increase compatibility; however, a NAND dump is required to use melonDS.

No$GBA

For now, NO$GBA is the most mature DS emulation project that supports the Nintendo DSi. Using the latest debugger version of NO$GBA is recommended.

Game Loading Methods

Simple .nds Loading

Requirements: These files with the NO$GBA version overwritten with the latest version.

DSiWare ROMs preserved online in romsets currently use the .nds format, similarly to regular Nintendo DS ROMs. If you change Emulation Settings > NDS Mode/Colors > DSi (retail/16MB), you can drag and drop all three types of DSi content on the emulator (or open the ROM), and it will run in DSi Mode.

However, it is recommended for retail cartridges to be loaded that way with the option "Emulation Settings > Reset/Startup Entry Point" set to "GBA/NDS BIOS." This loading method isn't recommended for DSiWare games because of some bugs introduced and the lack of ability to save altogether. However, if you insist, do set that option "Reset/Startup Entry Point" to "Start Cartridge Directly" at your own risk for any unpleasant aspects of the experience.

NAND Loading

Requirements are the same as above. If you have a real DSi unit, you can dump its NAND and use it instead of the included DSi-1.mmc file, so that you play that different game selection.

This option is more authentic to how real hardware works. It has much fewer bugs and a higher compatibility than the Simple nds loading method. DSiWare games were limited to a 128MB internal NAND memory or 40 games in the DSi Home Menu, whichever limitation comes first. The file "DSi-1.mmc" represents the NAND and hosts installed games (that will appear in the DSi Home Menu) and properly working game saves. While the DSi supported SD cards, it didn't allow for game software to be booted from there.

Make sure to use "Emulation Settings > Reset/Startup Entry Point" at all times. The DSiWare titles that can be booted through this method will appear in the DSi Home Menu as separate slots than the "inserted game cartridge" icon.

Using Unlauncher, a homebrew exploit, games can be added to the NAND. However, this is an advanced technique, and generally heavily discouraged. Users of this software on real hardware were compelled to use custom firmwares that allowed for using game software from the SD card (normally impossible). This means that to take advantage of this method as an emulation user, you will be stuck with the pre-installed games on the commonly shared BIOS files online.

SD Card Loading

The most recommended method, as per these tutorials. This method loads the game from the SD card instead of the NAND, and allows for an easier time adding new games to the emulator.

Requirements include these files to be placed in the same directory as NO$GBA. Not compatible with the previous methods, and so to be used in a folder with a fresh setup.

• BIOS Files: Required for DSi emulation.
• Modified NAND: Includes Unlauncher (Hold A to boot it, but not needed) and TWiLight Menu++
• 2GB SD Card: Filename is DSi-1.SD
• A tool to mount a virtual SD drive, such as OSFMount. To be used (Open DSi-1.SD > "Mount") with the 2GB SD Card to add new .nds files to it. Remember to disable "Read-Only" and to Dismount before using the emulator again.

Some issues are still present with this method. Refer to the next section for tips on how to deal with some of them.

melonDS

The latest dev builds of melonDS can also boot the DSi Menu and load most DSiWare. To boot up the DSi Menu, you need specific files which can all be found here.

Known Issues

No$GBA

Aside from general emulation problems inherited from the older DS emulation project, there are the following issues:

• Microphone doesn't work. (DSiWare + any method) No known fix.
• Camera doesn't work. (DSiWare + any method) Unimplemented. No known fix.
• Wi-Fi doesn't work. Unimplemented.
• Touch Screen issues related to Screen Calibration (DSiWare + TWiLight Menu++ or simple nds loading) The fix is to load the original DSi Home Menu first (holding B when resetting the emulator or loading it), then reset to TWiLight Menu++ (not holding any buttons) before loading the desired game.
• Can't Save (DSiWare + simple nds loading) This method is hardware inaccurate to begin with. For best results, switch to TWiLight Menu++ or Original NAND methods.

melonDS

DSiWare has to be launched from the NAND as it can't boot them as .nds.

References

Nintendo(edit)

• Consoles: Color TV-Game • Nintendo Entertainment System (Family Computer) • Super Nintendo Entertainment System (Super Family Computer) • Nintendo 64 • GameCube • Wii • Wii U • Nintendo Switch • Nintendo Switch 2
• Handhelds: Game & Watch • Game Boy/Color • Virtual Boy • Pokémon Mini • Game Boy Advance • Nintendo DS • Nintendo DSi • Nintendo 3DS
• Arcade: Aleck 64 • Namco ES3 • Triforce
• Related: Family Computer Disk System • Satellaview • 64DD • Super Game Boy • e-Reader • Amiibo