Windows 2000/XP/Vista emulators

Bliss, originally known as Bucolic Green Hills, is the popular wallpaper of Windows XP

Playing games released for these platforms on a modern system can be quite easy as programs can be run on latest Windows without sacrifices due to backwards compability. However this may change in the near future due to dropping 16 and 32-bit support from processors.

If you are trying to get Windows 2000, XP or Vista software working on a modern system, you should only be using this page as a last resort and would be better suited to read the PC Gaming Wiki, which likely already has information on the game you want. If you don't have the operating system you want, you can download it from WinWorldPC, and if you don't have the game you want or it's not available on the platforms like Steam or GOG; you can try downloading it from My Abandonware.

Wrappers

Sometimes, all that may be missing in order to get an old game running is a DLL wrapper for the graphics API. This is common for games that were designed for 3Dfx Glide cards and also you can use these in virtual machines for increasing "Virtual GPU Adapter" compatibility. More information is available at the respective page.

Game Engine Recreations and Source Ports

Many games are considered enough of a cult classic that the source code is made publicly available for study and use as a base for ports to newer platforms. For some titles, this is done by the developer themselves to show other developers the viability of such a project. However, for most games this'll usually be done by force through reverse engineering.

We have already listed many of the most popular video game ports and recreations at the respective page.

Hypervisors

Most viable way to get Windows 2000, XP or Vista software running on modern system is to run the operating system in a hardware-assisted virtual machine at the moment. This requires you to know how to manually install a Windows NT-family operating system on a computer. If you do decide to install these legacy operating systems in a virtual machine, you will need to install integrations (e.g., VMware Tools) for features like 3D acceleration, mouse integration and shared folders etc.

VMWare Tools supports Windows 95 through Windows 10 but VMware Tools 10.0.12 will be the last version to support legacy Guest Operating Systems although you can still use latest VMware version with VMware Tools 10.0.12, VMware will automatically installs it to guest operating system for you.

VirtualBox; supports integrations but does not include 3D acceleration for legacy operating systems anymore (with recent versions) due to VBoxVGA deprecate, so you must use VirtualBox 6.0.24 version or earlier to use 3D acceleration in a Windows 2000, XP or Vista guest operating system.

Although newer VMware releases has major issues with legacy guest operating system nowadays;

• VMware sound issues
• Major changes in VMware 16.x in how virtual graphics were handled (sandboxed) and added support for DX11 in Windows VMs. But due to these changes users reported lots of crashes (ISBRendererComm error) lately especially with "3D Acceleration". Although some users report that it's fixed with 17.5 version, crash still occurs with WinXP guest OS; so use 15.7 or older version until it's fixed.

Type 2 Hypervisors

Name	Operating System(s)	Virtual GPU Adapter	Compatibility	FLOSS	Recommended
PC / x86
VMware Workstation		SVGA3D	Mid	✗	✓
Parallels Desktop		Parallels Video Adapter	?	✗	✓
VirtualBox		VBoxVGA	Low-Mid	✓	~

Comparison

3D acceleration in hypervisors is capable of running fairly demanding video games or other 3D applications with a few drawbacks such as limited DirectX API versions. Every hypervisor has a different approach to handling 3D graphics resulting VirtualBox supports for OpenGL are slightly better than Direct3D (since it doesn't have to be reverse engineered), on the other hand VMware has better support for D3D9. Keep in mind that most Windows games (including ports) use Direct3D. Having said that you can use wrappers like "WineD3D for Windows" or "DxWnd" for translate D3D calls to OpenGL on the legacy operating system for increasing your chance if games uncompatible with virtual GPU adapter. Also you can use d3d8to9 since VMware's Direct3D 8 acceleration has graphical and/or performance issues. "softgpu" drivers do not support Windows XP at the moment. DxWnd 2.05.70, WineD3D 1.7.52 or 1.9.7-staging(partially) versions are the latest compatible versions with Windows XP (if OneCoreAPI is not installed to OS), for getting these old "WineD3D for Windows" builds use this link

Type 1 Hypervisors

Name	Operating System(s)	Virtual GPU Adapter	Compatibility	FLOSS	Recommended
PC / x86
QEMU+KVM		GPU-Passthrough		✓	✓
QEMU-3dfx+KVM		MESA GL/3Dfx Glide Pass-Through ($)	?		✓
QEMU-3dfx+WHPX		MESA GL/3Dfx Glide Pass-Through ($)	?		~
QEMU+KVM		VirGL	N/A	✓	✗
QEMU+WHPX		VirGL	N/A		✗
Hyper-V		GPU-Passthrough	N/A		✗

Comparison

• GPU-Passthrough: You need XP compatible GPU Drivers for this, latest supported GPU and GPU drivers from AMD; its 200 series and from nVidia; its 900 series. For more information about this you can use this link.

QEMU+KVM with GPU passthrough guide for Windows XP VMs

• QEMU-3dfx's advantage is "MESAGL/3Dfx Glide pass-through". The project took on the troubles to support the legacy of vendor-specific OpenGL extensions that matter for PC games. Past and existing solutions (VirtualBox VBoxVGA's ChromiumGL, VMware SVGA3D and QEMU Virgil 3D) are all based on API "re-rendering" rather then "direct forwarding".

KJ Liew's QEMU-3dfx ($) Windows XP SP3 Retro Gaming VM From Scratch to 3D Acceleration in 15 mins

QEMU-3dfx with KVM - Ryzen 5 7535U and Radeon 680M

QEMU-3dfx with WHPX - Ryzen 5 7535U and Radeon 680M

• QEMU with WHPX: Using this combination on Windows host will be much slower performance wise compared to Linux host and QEMU + KVM. You will have to stay with QEMU TCG entirely until you manually switched to 'ACPI PC' kernel. The starting 'ACPI Uniprocessor' kernel does not boot on QEMU WHPX.

• QEMU VirGL currently only for Linux guests at the moment (Specifically needs 4.4+ Linux kernel with mesa 11.2+ compiled with the "gallium-drivers=virgl" command option. Plans are to target "GL2.1 + GLSL 1.20" as the possible lowest GL interface to support. The guest would then expose the same level of GL. This project will eventually support Direct3D and Windows guest but there is none at the moment. Currently the renderer is GLSL 1.30 based, and requires some extensions from later GL levels. Current developer only really tested on the open source nouveau driver exposing GL3.0/GL3.1 core profile, and the binary nvidia driver exposing GL 4.3. Future plans to add a capabilities system will be required to work make things work across more systems. The capabilities system will expose different guest GL levels dependant on the host GL level, this could allow for a GLES2 specific interface etc. The current guest driver exposes GL2.1 and GLSL 1.20. Also there is a pull request: Windows Virtio GPU 3D acceleration for QEMU. For more information about VirGL3D use this link.

• Hyper-V + GPU-Passthrough currently exclusive to Windows 10/11 host and guest systems at the moment.

Summary

You don't have any option other than "QEMU-3dfx with WHPX" OR "Type 2 hypervisors" for current Windows hosts at the moment.

Software emulators

86Box and Windows XP

These are emulators in the truest sense, in that they don't do any kind of "cheating/hacking" the way a hypervisor would. But keep in mind that, unlike hardware-assisted hypervisors; emulating something like Voodoo3 with Pentium II level of hardware with these software emulators requires latest and greatest top-notch single thread performance of CPUs. PCem, 86Box and UniPCemu are full retro x86 computer emulators, spanning from the original IBM 5150 to Pentium II powered PCs. Setting it up is much like building an actual retro computer, but in software, so expect it to be as difficult as setting up an actual retro PC. This means you're going to have to install Windows 2000/XP (Vista is supported by them but unrecommended) along with all necessary drivers for the hardware you chose. Having said that, see these emulators as a useful alternative way to emulate these operating systems especially if you want the most accurate and compatible option for 3Dfx Voodoo emulation and Windows 2000/XP glide games.

For more information;

Main article: POS_(Pong_Consoles)_CPUs_and_Other_Chips#x86_CPUs

 What about implementing KVM and these virtual adapters (VMware SVGA/SVGA II and VBoxVGA emulation) or "softgpu" drivers for emulators. (NT-Based OSes unsupported by DOSBox forks at the moment).
 Vogons.org thread: "Using PCem with a XP guest"

External links

• PCGamingWiki: Virtualization
• VOGONS