Difference between revisions of "Sega Dreamcast emulators"
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Revision as of 19:33, 27 December 2023
Developer | Sega |
---|---|
Type | Home video game console |
Generation | Sixth generation |
Release date | 1998 |
Discontinued | 2001 |
Predecessor | Sega Saturn |
Emulated | ✓ |
- For other emulators that run on Dreamcast hardware, see Emulators on Dreamcast.
The Sega Dreamcast is a sixth-generation console released by Sega on November 27, 1998, in Japan and later on September 9, 1999, in NA. It retailed for $199.99.
To go more in-depth, it had a Hitachi SH-4 RISC CPU at 200 MHz with 16 MBs of RAM and 8 MBs of VRAM. Additionally, on the graphic side, the console came with a PowerVR2 GPU at 100 MHz, which theoretically was capable of pushing 3 million polygons/second on-screen. The audio system had 2 MBs of audio RAM, which complemented a powerful 67 MHz Yamaha AICA sound processor with a 32-bit ARM7 RISC CPU core. The audio chip could generate 64 voices with PCM or ADPCM codec and provided ten times the performance of the Saturn's sound system.
Also, Microsoft collaborated on the Dreamcast's development, and this partnership would continue later with the Xbox. What came out of this was the possibility for games to be developed for an optimized version of Windows CE (with DirectX) on each disc. However, Windows CE wasn't mandatory to use, and most developers opted for SEGA's development tools instead out of convenience. Even in major emulators, this aspect isn't implemented well.
In the same year of Dreamcast's launch, SEGA released the NAOMI, an arcade system board with similar components to the Dreamcast. Sammy's Atomiswave arcade board was also based on the Dreamcast and NAOMI.
A few years later, a successor of the NAOMI board was released in 2001, called NAOMI 2. It was a bit more powerful than its predecessor, having one more Hitachi SH-4 CPU and another PowerVR 2 GPU. Only 13 titles were released for this board.
Contents
Emulators
Name | Platform(s) | Latest Version | Enhancements | NAOMI NAOMI2 Multiboard |
Hikaru | Gaelco PVR |
Atomiswave | System SP |
Cave CV1000 |
Hardware features and peripherals |
FLOSS | Active | Recommended |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PC / x86 | |||||||||||||
Flycast | CI Builds libretro core[N 1] Flycast Dojo fork 2.3.2 |
✓ | ~[N 2] | ✗* | ✗* | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
redream | Dev Builds 1.5.0[N 3] |
~ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | ~ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | |
DEmul | 0.7 Build 280418 | ~ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ~[N 4] | ~ | ✗ | ✗ | ~ | |
reicast | r20.04 | ? | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ? | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | |
nullDC | 1.0.4 r150 | ? | ~[N 5] | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ? | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | |
washDC | git | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ? | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | |
lxdream-nitro | git | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ? | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | |
Chankast | 0.25 | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | |
Lxdream | 0.9.1 | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | |
Makaron | T12/5 | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | |
MAME | |
git artifacts[N 6] 0.266 libretro core |
~ | ~[N 7] | ~[N 7] | ~[N 7] | ~[N 7] | ~[N 7] | ✓[N 7] | ~ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
Mobile / ARM | |||||||||||||
Flycast | CI Builds libretro core[N 1] |
✓ | ~[N 2] | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
redream | 1.2.07 (Google Play) 1.5.0 (Raspberry Pi) |
~ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | ~ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | |
reicast | r20.04 (Google Play) Pyra Build Pandora Raspberry Pi |
? | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ? | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | |
Console | |||||||||||||
Flycast | |
CI Builds libretro core[N 1] v1.1 |
✓ | ~[N 2] | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
nullDC PSP | git 1.2.1 | ? | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ? | ✓ | ✓ | ~ | |
nulldc-360 | git | ? | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ? | ✓ | ~ | ~ |
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 This build using upstream repo for libretro from now on. Keep in mind that some of the arcade variation supported titles on flycast standalone version will not work on retroarch flycast core due to libretro API.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Most of the NAOMI and NAOMI 2 titles including GD-ROM games work with Flycast, but most of the NAOMI Multiboard titles boot with a multiboard error message. Recommended to use DEmul emulator for this system.
- ↑ CI/Dev builds are a better choice for almost all users; the stable version should only be used if you have a specific need for them.
- ↑ 'arcade_compat.txt' file inside DEmul's release archives do not have any Cave CV1000 emulation compat list, so its games' status is unknown.
- ↑ nullDC was the first independent, open-source Sega Dreamcast emulator to attempt emulation of the NAOMI arcade board. Its compatibility with NAOMI, NAOMI 2 and NAOMI Multiboard is unknown.
- ↑ CI-Windows CI-Linux CI-Macos
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 MAME 0.266 version compatibility status: hikaru gaelco 3d atomiswave System SP NAOMI cave 1000
Comparisons
- nullDC
- Can run a lot of games at great speed on a mid-end PC, and it's open-source. However, it's no longer being developed, and the more recent forks have improved upon it.
- reicast
- Eventually, nullDC's author forked his own project into reicast, with the main objective to widen platform availability to smartphones and tablets. While wider availability is generally a good thing, this resulted in cutting accuracy corners from the nullDC codebase to achieve the speed goals necessary to run on these platforms. Advancements in mobile hardware should have led to the removal of such "hacks"; however, lack of developer resources and interest led to long delays in Reicast development, and the codebase remained virtually untouched for years before the RetroArch team began working with it as part of a "Reicast core", later named Flycast.
- Flycast (NAOMI and variants compatibility)
- Fork of reicast available as a standalone emulator and as a libretro core. Libretro collaborators, primarily flyinghead, dramatically improved Reicast in areas such as graphics, input, system clock, and Dreamcast VMU. Atomiswave and NAOMI SH-4-based arcade systems have also been added to great fanfare[N 1], along with support for MAME's popular CHD format. Even full MMU support, which is needed to run Windows CE-based games such as Armada, Half-Life, and SEGA Rally Championship 2. It has recently been tackled through an experimental branch (anyone following Dreamcast emulation over the years understands what a tough nut this is to crack). Aside from some audio stuttering issues in games such as "Looney Toons Space Race" and "Resident Evil: Code Veronica", this is a highly compatible and accurate emulator. Most Windows CE games run at low performance.
- Flycast Dojo
- Fork of Flycast with a focus on netplay features and replay. Also, available on the Fightcade matchmaking service.
- redream
- Multi-platform and easy to use, but it's closed-source. Compatible with +96% of the Dreamcast library (as of Q1 2022). It has a good user interface, is easy to set up, and can run without a BIOS. Runs on low-end machines provided that they support OpenGL 3.1. There's a payware premium version that provides high-definition rendering and additional slots for save states. Emulator work unstable on AMD GPUs with actual driver version.
- DEmul (NAOMI and variants compatibility)
- Windows-only and closed-source. Used to be the go-to emulator. It supports Windows CE games, but they generally run worse than standard Dreamcast titles. It's also more resource-intensive than other emulators. As of 2022, you´re better off with Flycast or redream for Dreamcast emulation as they are multi-platform and have higher compatibility with Windows CE games. Having said that, DEmul is still highly recommended for SEGA NAOMI and variants.
- Makaron
- A closed-source Dreamcast emulator that was once noteworthy for being one of the few that could properly play Windows CE games. It has since been superseded by newer emulators.
Enhancements
Name | Flycast | Redream | DEmul | MAME | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Graphics | Resizable Internal Resolution | ✓ | ? | ? | ? |
Texture Replacement | ✓ | ? | ? | ? | |
Widescreen hack | ✓ | ✓ | ? | ? | |
Ray-tracing | Implementing ray-tracing in an emulator is unfortunately quite challenging and unlikely to be feasible in the near future. However you can try "Screen-Space Ray Traced Global Illumination" shader using ReShade. Demonstration | ||||
Super-resolution techniques (DLSS, XeSS and FSR 2+) |
Requires access to the depth buffer and temporal data like motion-vectors so it's quite challenging and unlikely to be feasible in the near future. Besides any GPU that can use DLSS can run these emulators at 8k native with ease anyway. | ||||
Pre-rendering AA (MSAA, SSAA) |
? | ? | ? | ? | |
Performance | Internal Framerate Hack | ? | ? | ? | ? |
Frame generation techniques (DLSS-G, ExtraSS and FMF) |
Implementing frame generation technique in an emulator is unfortunately quite challenging and unlikely to be feasible in the near future. Input latency will be the most important factor when it comes to frame generation. | ||||
Overclock | ✓ | ? | ? | ? | |
Preload optical disc image to RAM Useful enhancement feature for users with slow mechanical HDD seeking performance. However you need reasonable amount of RAM capacity. |
? | ? | ✗ | ? | |
Post-Processing | Post-rendering AA (FXAA, TXAA and MLAA/SMAA) |
? | ? | ? | ? |
Post-rendering scaling (Sharp bilinear, Lanczos and FSR 1) |
✓ | ? | ? | ✓ | |
Filters | ~[N3 1] | ? | ? | ? | |
Shader Chain | ~[N3 1] | ? | ? | ? | |
TAS features | Macros/Scripts/Lua | ✓ | ? | ? | ? |
Rewind | ✓ | ? | ? | ? | |
Fast-Forward/Turbo Speed | ✓ | ? | ? | ? | |
Savestates | ✓ | ? | ? | ? | |
Movie recording/playback | ? | ? | ? | ? | |
Controls | Mouse Injector Compatible | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ |
Input lag-mitigating technique | ✗ | ✗ | ? | ? | |
Quality of life | Built-in Graphics mod editor/manager | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ |
Built-in Cheat Manager | ✓* | ? | ? | ? | |
Built-in Custom resolution/CRTSwitchRes For using this on Windows OS you need CRT Emudriver. Another option is using EDID editor tool such as "Custom Resolution Utility". |
Exclusive to libretro cores and GroovyMAME at the moment. | ||||
Streamable compression format | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
Per-Game Profiles | ? | ? | ? | ? | |
Command Line Options | ? | ? | ? | ? | |
RetroAchievements | ~[N3 1] | ? | ? | ? | |
Free Look Free Look is a enhancement feature that allows manipulation of the in-game camera. |
The free camera has to be hacked in the game code directly. You can use debug menu for certain games to use Free Look. | ||||
Debug Features | ? | ? | ? | ? |
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Exclusive to libretro core. Feature Request for RetroAchievement support in the standalone flycast issue page.
Hardware features and peripherals
Name | Flycast | Redream | DEmul | MAME | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
VMU | VMU emulation | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ |
VMU communication | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | |
VMU Sound | ✓ | TBD | TBD | TBD | |
Jump Pack | ✓ | TBD | TBD | TBD | |
Modem | ✓ | TBD | TBD | TBD | |
Arcade Stick | ✓ | TBD | TBD | TBD | |
ASCII Mission Stick | ✓ | TBD | TBD | TBD | |
Keyboard | ✓ | ✓* | TBD | TBD | |
Mouse | ✓ | ✗* | TBD | TBD | |
Light Gun | ✓ | TBD | TBD | TBD | |
Microphone | TBD | TBD | ✓ | TBD | |
Rally Wheel | ✓ | TBD | TBD | TBD | |
Taisen Cable | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | |
Twin Stick | ✓ | TBD | TBD | TBD | |
Fishing Controller | ✓ | TBD | TBD | TBD | |
Samba de Amigo Maracas Controller | ✓* | TBD | TBD | TBD | |
Densha de Go controller | ✓ | TBD | TBD | TBD | |
Pop'n'Music Controller | ✓ | TBD | TBD | TBD | |
Broadband Adapter | ✓* | TBD | TBD | TBD | |
Panther DC | TBD* | TBD | TBD | TBD | |
4x Memory Card | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD | |
Neo Geo Pocket communication | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | |
Windows CE | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
VMU
While Flycast, redream and DEmul emulators can leverage the screen of the VMU while the game is running, none of them allow you to play the standalone minigames developed for it (other than MAME, but it has no interconnect support). If that's what you're after, then you should probably be looking at Sega VMU emulators instead.
Several titles for the Dreamcast included mini-games that could be downloaded onto a VMU. The Sonic Adventure series, for instance, included the Chao Adventure mini-game. In the game players could transfer Chao eggs to the VMU and play to increase the stats of their hatched Chao, whereupon they could upload their improved Chao back into the Dreamcast game.[1]
Taisen Cable
The Taisen Cable is used for hooking up two consoles for Serial play. This was only released in Japan and a few games support it;
What about "Dreamcast LAN games on Xlink kai?"
Broadband Adapter
The Dreamcast came out of the box equipped with a 56k dial-up modem that was supported by every DC game with online functionality. However, some of those games had additional support for the Broadband Adapter (BBA) accessory, which replaced the 56k modem and used Ethernet networking to deliver much higher internet speeds.[2] Many games have been brought back due to private servers run and operated by fans such as:
- For more information about other revive projects see Preservation projects page.
Panther DC
The Panther DC is a flight stick peripheral manufactured by Mad Catz. Only a few games support it.
Emulation issues
Developer interest in Dreamcast emulation was previously hindered by the availability of the closed-source but "good enough" Chankast, and by less interest in the console relative to other 6th generation consoles. For the emulators that are either mature or maturing, a very large percentage of games work well, but some games still have problems and glitches.
Downloads
References
Consoles: SG-1000 • Master System • Genesis / Mega Drive • CD • 32X • Pico • Saturn • Dreamcast Handhelds: Game Gear • VMU / VMS Arcade: System series • Model 1 • Model 2 • Model 3 • NAOMI |