Changes

On systems connected with a composite, s-video or rf cable the color of the video signal is encoded using either NTSC or PAL. While NTSC and PAL has become synonymous with 60 and 50hz, the color encoding is independent of refresh rate, with the Dreamcast popularising "PAL-60" modes in PAL regions. Note that a RGB or component video signal is not inherently NTSC or PAL coded. When playing on an emulator, [[NTSC filters]] can be used to produce an image similar to playing on a TV.  SECAM is a third color standard but due to many of the countries that used it were [[wikipedia:Second World|Second World]] and [[wikipedia:Third World|Third World]] few consoles would use that format, and consoles and home computers released in France would often use RGB SCART cables instead. See this [[wikipedia:SECAM#Countries_and_territories_that_use_SECAM|Wikipedia article]] for a list of current and former SECAM countries ;ColorspacesThe overwhelming majority of consoles uses the RGB colorspace, storing colors as color triplets, often resulting in colordepths powers of 8 (64, 512, 4096, 32768 and so on). A few systems, such as those by Atari as well as the NES, instead used a Color/Luminance scheme, with 4 bits determining the hue, utilising a property of NTSC/PAL encoding by delaying the color subcarrier, with one or more values instead omitting the signal resulting in a greyscale image, with the remaining bits determining the brightness.

==Consoles=====2D Consoles===

! scope="col"|Native Resolution(<abbr title="Width">W</abbr>x<abbr title="Height">H</abbr>)

|256×192, 256×224, 256x240 (some PAL games)<ref group=N name=sms>When horizontally scrolling, the leftmost 8 pixels are blanked out, resulting in an effective 248x192 resolution. The 224 and 240 line modes have limited compatibility, in general SMS2 supports them while SMS1 and Megadrive in SMS backwards compatibility mode don't</ref>

===3D Consoles===

! scope="col"|Native Resolution(<abbr title="Width">W</abbr>x<abbr title="Height">H</abbr>)

|320x200, 320x400, 320x240, 320x480, 640×240, 640×480, 640x600<ref group=O name=two>While N64 games ran at various resolutions internally, in practice the hardware's VI component always doubled the scale horizontally, and output in either 640x240p or 640x480i, though there is letterboxing at times.</ref>

320×448i, 320×480i, 320×512i, 320×480i, 352×448i, 320×480i, 352×512i, 640×448i, 640×480i, 640×512i, 704×448i, 704×480i, 704×512i

|256×224p, 256x240p, 320x224p, 320×240p, 352x224p368x224p, 352x240p368x240p, 512x224p, 512×240p, 640x224p, 640x240p, 704x224p, 704x240p256x448i, 256x480i, 320x448i, 320x480i, 352x448i368x448i, 352x480i368x480i, 512x448i, 512x480i, 640x448i, 640×480i, 704x448i, 704x480i<ref group=O name=psxres>https://www.problemkaputt.de/psxspx-gpu-status-register.htm</ref>

256x448p, 256x480p, 320x448p, 320x480p, 352x448p368x448p, 352x480p368x480p, 512x448p, 512x480p, 640x448p, 640×480p, 720x448p, 720x480p

|256x192, 256x224, 256x240, 256x440, 256x480, 256x540, 320x192, 320x224, 300x240, 320x200, 256x384, 320x240, 320x400, 320x480, 320x440, 300x480, 400x240, 400x480, 400x250, 640x200, 800x250, 800x240, 512x224, 512x384, 512x192, 512x440, 512x540, 400x500, 600x480, 640x512, 640x240, 800x500, 640x224, 640x400, 640x440, 640×480, 640x540, 800x480, 576x768, 640x864, 640x960

|320x240, 256x224, 512x240, 640×480, 672x480, 544x608, 400x240, 416x768, 384x864, 320x960 <ref group=O name=dc2>These are from the DreamHAL documentation, as a rule 1. the Dreamcast has a fixed pixel clock, adding more vertical lines or increasing the refresh rate will reduce the horizontal resolution, 2. if PowerVR is to be used, the resolution needs to be a multiple of 32 due to tiling</ref>

640×480640x480, 640×576<ref group=O name=three>Similar to N64, games ran at various resolutions internally[https://tcrf.net/Help:Contents/Taking_Screenshots#GameCube/Wii], though output is usually in 480p.</ref>

|640×480, 640x576, 720x576, 1024x768, 1280x720, 1280x1024, 1920x1080, 2048x1536

|640x480, 720x576, 1280x720, 1920x1080<ref group=O name=xb360>The Xbox 360's GPU is very flexible when it comes to the resolutions it can use, scaling it on the fly without needing a separate framebuffer</ref>

|640x480, 640x576, 704x480, 704x576, 1280x720, 960x1080, 1280x1080, 1440x1080, 1600x1080, 1920x1080<ref group=O name=ps3res>[https://forum.beyond3d.com/threads/list-of-rendering-resolutions.41152/]</ref>

|480i (NTSC), 576i (PAL), 480p, 576p, 720p, 1080i, 1080p<ref group=O name=ps3out>PS3 does '''not''' output 240p [https://www.retrorgb.com/playstation3.html][https://youtu.be/f7fCTHu99bk My Life in Gaming RGB206]</ref>|59.94 (NTSC), 50 (PAL)<ref group=O name=five></ref>, 75Hz, 120Hz

===Portables===

! scope="col"|Native Resolution(<abbr title="Width">W</abbr>x<abbr title="Height">H</abbr>)

! scope="col"|Video display resolution

{| class="wikitable"|-! scope="col"|System! scope="col"|Native Resolution (<abbr title="Width">W</abbr>x<abbr title="Height">H</abbr>)! scope="col"|Color depth and color space! scope="col"|Video display resolution! scope="col"|Native Refresh Rate (Hz)|-|[[Apple II line|Apple II]]|280x192|6 colors (high res), 15 colors (low res) <ref group=Q name=apple>The original Apple II doesn''To be t actually implement color in hardware, instead utilising a quirk of how NTSC displays video to generate color, as the pixel clock is the same as the NTSC subcarrier. As a consequence, PAL Apple IIs would display in black and white unless a separate PAL color card was added''</ref>|240p,288p|60 (NTSC), 50 (PAL)<ref group=Q name=five>Preliminary or approximate value.</ref>|-|[[Atari 8-bit|Atari 8-bit]]|160x192,320x192|128/256 colors, Color/Luminance <ref group=Q name=atari>The early Atari 400/800 models used the CTIA chip which supports 128 colors, models manufactured after 1981 used the updated GTIA chip which increases this to 256</ref>|240p,288p|60 (NTSC), 50 (PAL)<ref group=Q name=five></ref>|-|[[POS (Pong Consoles) CPUs and Other Chips#x86 CPUs|IBM PC (CGA)]]|320x200,640x200|16 colors, RGBI <ref group=Q name=cga>This is with the digital CGA connector. Demos have managed to display 1024 colors with CGA over composite video [https://int10h.org/blog/2015/04/cga-in-1024-colors-new-mode-illustrated/]</ref>|240p|60<ref group=Q name=five>Preliminary or approximate value.</ref>|-|[[Commodore 64 emulators|Commodore 64]]|160x200,320x200<ref group=Q name=c64>It is possible to trick the VIC-II chip into drawing sprites outside this area, yielding a higher resolution</ref>|16 colors|240p,288p|60 (NTSC), 50 (PAL)<ref group=Q name=five></ref>|-|[[ZX Spectrum line|Sinclair ZX Spectrum]]|256x192|15 colors, RGBI|288p|50 (PAL)<ref group=Q name=five></ref>|-|[[Amstrad CPC emulators|Amstrad CPC464/664/6128]]|160x200,320x200,640x200<ref group=Q name=cpc>These are the standard resolutions usable by the system, by reprogramming the CRTC resolutions as high as 768x272 are possible</ref>|27 colors, RGB|288p|50 (PAL)<ref group=Q name=five></ref>|-|[[Amstrad CPC emulators|Amstrad 464+/6128+]]|160x200,320x200,640x200|4096 colors, RGB|288p|50 (PAL)<ref group=Q name=five></ref>|-|[[POS (Pong Consoles) CPUs and Other Chips#x86 CPUs|IBM PC (EGA)]]|320x200,640x200,640x350|16 colors (200 line modes), 64 colors (350 line modes), RGB|240p, 350p|60<ref group=Q name=five>Preliminary or approximate value.</ref>|-|[[Apple IIGS emulators|Apple IIGS]]|320x200,640x200|4096 colors, RGB|240p,288p|60 (NTSC), 50 (PAL)<ref group=Q name=five></ref>|-|[[Amiga line|Commodore Amiga]]|320x200,640x200,640x400,320x256,640x256,640x512|4096 colors, RGB|240p,288p,480i,576i|60 (NTSC), 50 (PAL)<ref group=Q name=five></ref>|}