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The PC platform is an open architecture system that IBM initially designed in 1980. IBM's PC 5150 is the progenitor (though in no way representative of iterative designs like the desktops and laptops you may be familiar with today). The massive success of the PC architecture in the 1980s prompted Intel to iterate on its x86 processors, which is why this page is called '''Intel CPUs'''.
The history of the PC is comprehensive, but a good summary is that almost every component of the 5150 was <abbr title="existing tech IBM neither made in-house or signed an exclusivity agreement on">off-the-shelf (i.e., parts that IBM did not make themselves or sign an exclusivity agreement for others to use)</abbr>. IBM hoped that if clones popped up, they could sue them for using the firmware in the BIOS, which they had [[Licensing|copyright]] overas established by [[wikipedia:Apple_Computer,_Inc._v._Franklin_Computer_Corp.|a lawsuit between Apple and Franklin]].<ref>[https://www.courtlistener. com/opinion/423653/apple-computer-inc-a-california-corporation-v-franklin-computer/ Apple v. Franklin]. (1983)</ref> However, Compaq came up with [[wikipedia:Phoenix_Technologies|Phoenix]] designed a clean-room replacement firmware based solely on IBM's own public documentation from .<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Bwng8NJ5fesC&pg=PA56 Phoenix Says Its BIOS May Foil IBM that they made publicly available, which they defended as a clean-room reimplementation's Lawsuits]. PC Mag. 1984. </ref> As a result, IBM never challenged clones that used it and promptly lost control over the platform. The Intel would later take up the next major iteration would come from Intel in 1995, called ATX.
Sometime in the 90s, a speedup was found in PC emulation that could run software near-natively; this became the basis for [[hypervisors]], which are different from conventional emulators listed here since they require the host architecture to be at the very least x86-compatible.
==Emulators==
<div style="max-width:100%; overflow:auto;">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! scope="col"|Name
! scope="col"|Platform(s)
! scope="col"|Latest Versionversion
! scope="col"|8086<nowiki>*¹</nowiki>
! scope="col"|286
! scope="col"|Pentium II<nowiki>*⁵</nowiki>
! scope="col"|Celeron<nowiki>*⁶</nowiki>
! scope="col"|[[libretroPentium III<nowiki>*⁷</nowiki>! scope="col"|Libretro Core]]Pentium 4<nowiki>*⁸</nowiki>
! scope="col"|<abbr title="Free/Libre and Open-Source Software">FLOSS</abbr>
! scope="col"|Active
! scope="col"|[[Recommended Emulatorsemulators|Recommended]]
|-
!colspan="1416"|PC / x86
|-
|[[86Box]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|Mac}}|[https://github.com/86Box/86Box git{{86BoxVer}}]|{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
|-
|[[PCem]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|Mac}}
|[http://pcem-emulator.co.uk {{PCemVer}}] <br/>[https://github.com/PCemOnMac/PCemV17macOS/releases git]<small> (macos)</small>|{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗✓}} ||{{✓}}
|-
|[[DOSBox#Forks|DOSBox-X]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD}}
|[https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/releases {{DOSBox-XVer}}]
|{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
|-
|[[DOSBox]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD}}
|[http://www.dosbox.com/download.php?main=1 0.74-3] <br /> [http://www.dosbox.com/wiki/SVN_Builds#List_of_SVN_Builds SVN]
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}|-|UniPCemu|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}|[https://superfury.itch.io/unipcemu itch.io]|{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{TBD}}|-|[https://pcbox.github.io/ PCBox]|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux}}|[https://github.com/PCBox/PCBox git]|{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}
|-
|[https://www.varcem.com VARCem]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|Mac}}
|[https://www.varcem.com/?page=dl Builds]
|{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓✗}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|[[Bochs]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|FreeBSD|BeOS}}<br>{{Icon|OS2|AmigaOS|MorphOS}}
|[https://sourceforge.net/projects/bochs/files/bochs {{BochsVer}}]
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|[https://www.pcjs.org/ PCjs]
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}
|[https://github.com/jeffpar/pcjs git]
|{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|[[MAME]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD}}
|[http://www.mamedev.org/release.html {{MAMEVer}}]
|{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{✓~}} ||{{~}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|[[QEMU]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS}}
|[https://www.qemu.org/download/ {{QEMUVer}}]
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}<ref group=N name=conroe>Supports the [[wikipedia:Conroe_(microprocessor)|Conroe]] model.</ref> ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
|-
!colspan="1416"|Mobile / ARM
|-
|Magic DOSBox
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=bruenor.magicbox 1.0.7284]|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}|-|UniPCemu|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}|[https://superfury.itch.io/unipcemu itch.io]|{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{TBD}}
|-
|[[QEMU|Limbo]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Android|WinMobile}}
|[https://githubvirtualmachinery.weebly.com/limboemu/limbo/wiki 5-downloads.1html 6.0.1]<br>[https://forum.xda-developers.com/attachments/qemu-7z.475570 WinMobile build]|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}<ref group=N name=conroe /> ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|[[Bochs]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.sourceforge.netbochs&hl=en_US&gl=US 2.6.11] <br>[https:/projects/bochsgithub.com/fileslubomyr/bochs git]|{{BochsVer✗}}]||{{✗}} ||{{✗✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|DOSBox Turbo
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.fishstix.dosbox 2.2.0]
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|gDOSBox
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
|[https://m.apkpure.com/gdosbox-dosbox-for-android/org.gemesys.android.dosbox 0.7.5.5]
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||? {{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|aDOSBox
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
|[https://f-droid.org/en/packages/org.hystudio.android.dosbox/ 0.2.5]
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|DOSBoxPPC
|align=left|{{Icon|WinMobile}}
|[http://www.freewarepocketpc.net/ppc-download-dosboxppc-v0-63.html 0.63]
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||? {{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
|-
!colspan="1416"|Consoles|-|UniPCemu|align=left|{{Icon|PSP|Switch|Vita}}|[https://superfury.itch.io/unipcemu itch.io]|{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{TBD}}
|-
|[[Bochs]]
|align=left|{{Icon|PS2}}
|[http://www.ps2dev.karashome.pl 2.3.5]
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||? ||? ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓✗}} ||{{✗}}
|}
</div>
<nowiki>*¹</nowiki>8086 emulation includes the 8088 CPU.
<nowiki>*²</nowiki>386 emulation includes the SX and SL.
<nowiki>*⁵</nowiki>Pentium II emulation includes variants.
<nowiki>*⁶</nowiki>Celeron emulation includes variants.
<nowiki>*⁷</nowiki>Pentium III emulation includes variants.
<nowiki>*⁸</nowiki>Pentium 4 emulation includes variants.
<references group=N />
==Notes==
;[[DOSBox#Forks|DOSBox-X]]:The Git readme file (Under the ''Comments on what DOSBox-X is lacking'') for DOSBox-X states that "''DOSBox-X contains code only to emulate the 8088 through the Pentium Pro. If Pentium II or higher emulation is desired, consider using Bochs or QEMU instead. DOSBox-X may eventually develop Pentium II emulation...''" if the user demand is there.
;[[MAME]]:The emulation of various CPU types seen here regarding MAME are all over the place in the changelogs and seem confusing. However, MAME has preliminary support for the families of 286, 386/i386, 486/i486, and almost the entire range of the Pentium CPUs. However, the emulation of color, sound, and graphics for various CPUs and PCs based on the 286/386/486 architecture is acceptable. According to [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/sysset.php ProjectMESS], many [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=ibm5170 IBM PC/AT 5170] family PCs running the 286 CPU have preliminary support. MAME [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MAME_0.146u3 0.146u3] (Jul 2012) added CPU types for Pentium MMX, Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III, and Pentium 4.
::- [[MAME_compatibility_list#IBM|MAME compat list]] showing the sector for several IBM-type PC systems - most of which may work fine.
::- [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MNW wiki.mamedev.org's list] for MACHINE_NOT_WORKING (Few systems based on a Pentium CPU)
::- [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MIS wiki.mamedev.org's list] for MACHINE_IS_SKELETON drivers (Several PC's/systems based on a Pentium CPU)
;[[PCem]]:As of June 14, 2021, PCem's original developer, Sarah Walker, has stopped working on the project. They It has now been taken over on December 18, 2021 by a new maintainer, Michael Manley. 86Box is a fork of PCem, while PCBox and VARCem are offering forks of 86Box, with PCBox being the transfer most fully-featured of the project and GitHub repo to another developer if interestedfour.
==CPUs==
</div></div>
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
