Editing Desk-size computers / Supercomputers / Mainframes

{{WIP}}
==Terminology==
'''Desk-size Computers''', as a slang of '''MiniComputers''' due to their size and usual appearance, are a type of smaller general-purpose computer with size, price, and extensibility less than a mainframe computer, but still higher than microcomputers, later commonly known as personal computers (PCs). Usage and demands of minicomputers have greatly shrunk and are being taken over by PC-based server clusters over the years, but some of them are still serving irreplaceable roles for their high reliability and extensibility.

'''Supercomputers''' are computers specifically built for high-performance mathematical/scientific calculation with a high level of performance as compared to a general-purpose computer.

'''Mainframes''' are high-performance computers with large amounts of memory and data processors that process billions of simple calculations and transactions in real-time. A mainframe computer is critical to commercial databases, transaction servers, and applications that require high resiliency, security, and agility. Like minicomputers, usage and demands have greatly shrunk and are being taken over by PC-based server clusters over the years, but some of them are still serving irreplaceable roles for their high reliability, extensibility, and less hassle for handling distributed computing in clusters.

Notice that the identification and distinction between PC-based clusters/servers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers aren't based on size, performance, or price, but system architecture, extensibility, and reliability; As integrated circuit technology evolves, a mainframe could be the size of a minicomputer (e.g. IBM System 390 Integrated Server 3006), a minicomputer could be a size of a relatively big personal computer/PC based server (e.g. IBM i5 515), while a regular laptop PC could achieve the performance of multi-million dollar mainframe in 1980s just by emulating it.
{|class="wikitable"
|+ Comparison
! Category
! Mainframe
! Minicomputer
! PC
! PC-based cluster
! Supercomputer
|-
|System Architecture
|Large scaled, sophisticated, self-contained devices interconnected with a proprietary bus
|Between PC and mainframe, some devices are self-contained and directly interconnected while others rely on the central processor and system bus
|Most to all components rely on the motherboard, central processor, power supply, and system bus
|Large amounts of self-contained PCs interconnected with Ethernet or other networking standards e.g. InfiniBand
|Large amounts of computation nodes interconnected with a proprietary bus, while each node may or may not be self-contained
|-
|Statistic Reliability
|Exceeding 99.99999% uptime per year; individual components failing won't cause performance or capacity issues
|99.999% to 99.9999% uptime per year; individual components failing may cripple performance or capacity, but won't affect current tasks (unless some critical components)
|Poorly built ones could run into trouble every few hours under a high burden; unplanned downtime of proper prebuilt servers is around a few minutes to 1 hour per month; individual components failing always break all current tasks
|Varies (usually less than 99.9999% per year) depending on SLAs and configuration; each node follows the failure model of regular PC-based servers; nodes failing may cripple performance or capacity, but won't affect current tasks
|Not a priority, some supercomputers even run periodically every day; nodes failing may cripple performance or capacity, and may break current tasks
|-
|Servicability
|Most of the components and devices including critical ones are hot swappable without prerequisites; swapping components and devices won't interrupt current tasks
|Critical components are hot swappable after a proper stopping procedure, while peripherals may be hot swappable without prerequisites; swapping components and devices may interrupt current tasks
|Some peripherals are hot swappable after a proper stopping procedure, while critical components aren't; swapping components almost always interrupts current tasks
|Nodes are hot swappable with or without a proper stopping procedure, while components of each node follow regular PCs; swapping nodes won't interrupt current tasks
|Nodes are hot swappable with or without a proper stopping procedure, while components inside nodes may not even be serviceable depending on the actual design; swapping nodes may interrupt current tasks
|-
|Redundancy
|Multiple redundancy and backup at components and devices level; device-as-a-whole level redundancy is optional and seldom used
|Redundancy at components and devices level; device-as-a-whole level redundancy is optional and sometimes used
|Data and power redundancy could be achieved by practices and external devices like RAID, ECC RAM, UPS etc., otherwise no. Device-as-a-whole level redundancy is always used if better reliability needed
|Redundancy relying on large amounts of nodes, each node itself is not redundant; Software has to be programmed in a way to handle tasking reordering and data consistency in case of node failing
|Not a priority; nodes aren't redundant and software seldom considers node failing as tasks are usually parallel to make use of peak performance
|-
|Extensibility
|Highly customizable and capable as each device is self-contained
|Highly customizable and capable but more restrictions
|Restricted; All components relying on the central processor, power supply, and system bus; direct communication between peripherals are usually not possible
|Extension of scale relies on adding nodes
|Extension of scale relies on adding nodes
|-
|Compatibility
|Highly concerned; OS is running on top of HAL/LIC so changes of system architecture won't affect OS; OS is designed to be always API/ABI stable
|Highly concerned; OS is running on top of HAL/LIC so changes of system architecture won't affect OS; OS is designed to be always API/ABI stable
|Concerned but based on system architecture (PC/AT & x86) not changing much over the years; OS are architecture and hardware dependent and aren't always designed to be API/ABI stable
|Same as PC; programs have to be reworked if not designed with distributed computing in mind
|Least concerned; programs are usually specifically built for specific supercomputer; sometimes supercomputers are even built for a specific task (e.g. Anton series)
|}

==List of Desk-size computers / Supercomputers / Mainframes==
<div style="max-width:100%; overflow:auto;">
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Desk-size computers / Supercomputers / Mainframes
! Model
! Year
! [[MAME]] support
! ROMs
! Description / Emulators / Other 
|- id="A"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''A''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|Analytical Engine by Charles Babbage
|1837
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.fourmilab.ch/babbage/contents.html Simulator], [[wikipedia:Analytical_Engine|Wikipedia]]
|-
|Analytical Engine by Percy Ludgate
|1909
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[[wikipedia:Percy_Ludgate#Work_on_analytical_engine|Wikipedia]]
|-
|Apollo Guidance Computer
|1966
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo Virtual AGC], [https://svtsim.com/moonjs/agc.html Moonjs]
|-
|AT&T 3B Series
|1982
| style="background: Red;"| Preliminary
|
|
|-
|Atomic Energy Authority Witch
|1948
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=1235 Old Computers]
|- id="B"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''B''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|BBN Butterfly
|~ 1980s
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Bell Labs Model V
|1946
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Bombe
|1940
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[[wikipedia:Bombe|Wikipedia]]
|-
|Bendix G-15
|1956
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Bull Gamma Tambour
|1955
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[http://vincent.joguin.com/ Gamma EmulaTion]
|-
|Buromaschinenwerke Zella-Mehlis Cellatron 8205
|1963
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=1028 Old Computers]
|- id="C"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''C''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|CDC 160 Series
|1960
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|CDC 1604
|1960
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|CDC 3000 Series
|1963
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|CDC 6000 Series
|1964
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|CDC 7600
|1967
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|CDC Cyber
|1984
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|CDC Star-100
|1974
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Compumedic Analog Computer
|1971
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=1107 Old Computers]
|-
|Convex C3800
|1991
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=983 Old Computers]
|-
|Cray Research C90
|1991
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Cray Research Cray-1
|1975
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Cray Research Cray-2
|1985
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Cray Research EL90
|1993
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Cray Research J90
|1994
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Cray Research T3D
|1993
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=991 Old Computers]
|-
|Cray Research T90
|1995
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Cray Research X-MP
|1982
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Cray Research XMS
|1990
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Cray Research Y-MP
|1988 (Y-MP)<br />1992 (Y-MP EL)
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Csiro Csirac
|1949
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://cis.unimelb.edu.au/about/csirac/emulator CSIRAC Emulator]
|- id="D"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''D''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|Data General Nova
|1969
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[http://www.simulogics.com/novajs/index.php Novas Are Forever], [https://github.com/SMerrony/DasherG DasherG]
|-
|Data General Eclipse
|1974
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[http://www.simulogics.com/novajs/index.php Novas Are Forever], [https://github.com/SMerrony/mvemg mvemg]
|-
|Datatron 205
|1954
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://github.com/pkimpel/retro-205 Retro 205]
|-
|DEC PDP-1
|1961
| style="background: LightGreen;"|[http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=pdp1 Good]
|
|[http://simh.trailing-edge.com SIMH], [https://www.masswerk.at/spacewar Spacewar! Emulator]
|-
|DEC PDP-8
|1965
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=780 Old Computers]
|-
|DEC PDP-11
|1970
| style="background: Red;"|[http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=pdp11ub Preliminary]
|
|[http://simh.trailing-edge.com SIMH], [https://skn.noip.me/pdp11/pdp11.html Javascript] [http://www.dbit.com Ersatz-11]
|-
|DEC VAX-11
|1977 to 1984
| style="background: Red;"|[http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=vax785 Preliminary (VAX-11/785)]
|
|[http://simh.trailing-edge.com SIMH], [https://www.stromasys.com/solutions/charon-vax Charon-VAX]
|- id="E"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''E''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|EDSAC
|1947
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.dcs.warwick.ac.uk/~edsac Simulator], [http://www.tnmoc.org/special-projects/edsac Edsac Replica Project]
|-
|Elliot 803 / Elliot 903B
|1961
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.peteronion.org.uk/Elliott Peter Onion], [https://github.com/hxw/Elliott-803 hxw's repository], [https://sourceforge.net/projects/elliott803 Simulation]
|-
|English Electric Deuce
|1955
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Evans & Sutherland ES-1
|1986
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Evans & Sutherland ESIG-2000
|1991
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|Developed by Evans & Sutherland, the ESIG-2000 was designed for<br/>simulations and high-end 3D Graphics<ref>http://web.archive.org/web/20061016053204/http://vr-atlantis.com/vr_systems_guide/15.html</ref>
|- id="F"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''F''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|Ferranti-Packard 6000
|1962
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Ferranti Atlas
|1962
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Ferranti Mark 1
|1951
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Ferranti Pegasus 1 / 2
|1956 to 1959
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.computerconservationsociety.org/software/pegasus/base.htm PegEm]
|-
|Ferranti Titan
|1964
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|-
|Fujitsu Facom VP series
|1982
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Fujitsu Numerical Wind Tunnel
|1993
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Fujitsu VP2000 series
|1990
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|- id="G"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''G''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|General Electric GE-200 series
|1961 (GE-225)<br />1963 (GE-215)<br />1964 (GE-205)<br />1964 (GE-235)
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|General Electric GE-600 series
|1963
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Goodyear MPP
|1983
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|GRI Corporation GRI-909 / GRI-99
|1969
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[http://simh.trailing-edge.com SIMH]
|- id="H"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''H''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|Heathkit EC-1
|1960
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=787 Old Computers]
|-
|Honeywell 116 / 316 / 416 / 516
|1965 to 1969
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[http://simh.trailing-edge.com SIMH]
|-
|HP-2100 Series
|1966
| style="background: Red;"| Preliminary
|
|[http://simh.trailing-edge.com SIMH]
|- id="I"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''I''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|IBM 650
|1954
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[[wikipedia:IBM_650|Wikipedia]]<br/>[https://github.com/snick-a-doo/IBM650 IBM650]
|-
|IBM 701
|1952
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[[wikipedia:IBM_701|Wikipedia]]<br/>[https://basepath.com/new/701/ IBM 701 Emulator]
|-
|IBM 702
|1955
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[[wikipedia:IBM_702|Wikipedia]]
|-
|IBM 704
|1954
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[[wikipedia:IBM_704|Wikipedia]]<br/>[https://github.com/rhobbie/Sim704 Sim704]
|-
|IBM 1401 / 1620 / 1130 / 7090
|1959 (1401 / 1620 / 7090)
1965 (1130)
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.curiousmarc.com/computing/ibm-1401-mainframe/ibm-1401-programming IBM 1401 Programming] [http://simh.trailing-edge.com/ SIMH] [https://github.com/moshix/IBM1401 IBM1401]
|-
|IBM AN/FSQ-7
|1958
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=1050 Old Computers]
|-
|IBM ASCI White
|2000
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|IBM Harvard Mark I
|1944
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=980&st=1 Old Computers]
|-
|IBM NORC
|1954
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[[wikipedia:IBM_Naval_Ordnance_Research_Calculator|Wikipedia]]
|-
|IBM SSEC
|1948
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[[wikipedia:IBM_SSEC|Wikipedia]]
|-
|IBM System/3
|1969
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=980&st=1 Old Computers] [http://simh.trailing-edge.com/ SIMH]
|-
|IBM System370 / ESA390
|1970
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
| [http://www.hercules-390.org/ Hercules]
|-
|IBM z Systems
|2000
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
| 
| [https://www.ibm.com/products/z-development-test-environment IBM Z Development and Test Environment]<br/>[http://www.hercules-390.org/ Hercules]
|-
|IBM AS/400 / System i
|1988
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20001203025600/http://calsw.com/calsw/baby400.html BABY AS/2000 - probably lost in history]<br/>[https://infinitecorporation.com/infinite-i Infinite i]
|-
|IBM RS/6000 / System p
|1990
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|ICL 2900 Series
|1974
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|ICL Series 39
|1985
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Intel ASCI Red
|1997
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Intel iPSC Series
|1985
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Intel Paragon
|1992
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Interdata (Perkin-Elmer) 16 & 32 bits Systems
|1973
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[http://simh.trailing-edge.com/ SIMH]
|- id="L"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''L''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|Librascope AN/ASN-24 
|1958
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Librascope L2010 
|1962
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Librascope LGP-21
|1962
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Librascope LGP-30
|1956
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Librascope LGP-4000
|1960
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Lucasfilm EditDroid
|1984
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Lund University Smil
|1956
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[[wikipedia:SMIL_(computer)|Wikipedia]]<br/>[https://www.smilemu.org/ SMILemu]
|- id="M"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''M''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|Manchester Atlas
|1962
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[[wikipedia:Atlas_(computer)|Wikipedia]]
|-
|Manchester ENIAC
|1945
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Manchester Mark I
|1949
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Manchester SSEM (Baby)
|1948
| style="background: LightGreen;"| Good
|
|
|-
|Maspar MP-1
|1990
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Maspar MP-2
|1992
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Meiko Computing Surface
|1986
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Meiko CS-2
|1993
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|MIT Whirlwind
|1951
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=1047 Old Computers]
|-
|MMN Bark
|1950
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[[wikipedia:BARK_(computer)|Wikipedia]]
|-
|MMN Besk
|1953
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[[wikipedia:BESK|Wikipedia]]

|- id="N"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''N''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|NBS Seac
|1950
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|NCR Century 8250
|~ 1970s
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|nCUBE 2
|1990
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|nCUBE/ten
|1985
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|NEC System 3100 Series 
|1990
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.nec-solutioninnovators.co.jp/sl/avx/ A-VX01 Operating System for Windows (as compatibility layer)]<br/>[https://museum.ipsj.or.jp/en/computer/office/0055.html IPSJ Museum]
|-
|NEC Earth Simulator
|2002
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|NEC SX series 
|1985
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|- id="P"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''P''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|Philips P/330
|1978
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=354 Old Computers]
|-
|[[PLATO Computer System|PLATO]] (computer system)
|1960
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|- id="Q"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''Q''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|Royal-Mcbee LGP-30 / LGP-21
|1956
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|- id="S"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''S''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|Scientific Data Systems SDS 940
|1966
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[http://simh.trailing-edge.com/ SIMH]
|-
|Setun Ternary Computer
|1958
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|[[POS_(Pong_Consoles)_CPUs_and_Other_Chips#Intel_CPU.27s| SGI Altix 3000 Series]]
|2003
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|SGI Origin 3000
|2000
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Stantec Zebra
|1958
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[http://sw.ccs.bcs.org/CCs/simulate.htm ZEBRA emulator]
|-
|Strela (ЭВМ Стрела)
|1953
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|SWTPc S-Plus
|1982
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|- id="T"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''T''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|Thinking Machines CM series
|1987
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Triumph Adler TA-1000
|1973
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=1278 Old Computers]
|-
|Turing Machine
|1936
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[http://morphett.info/turing/ Simulator]
|- id="U"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''U''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|Univac Larc
|1960
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|University of Cambridge Edsac
|1947
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.dcs.warwick.ac.uk/~edsac Simulator], [http://www.tnmoc.org/special-projects/edsac Edsac Replica Project]
|-
|University of Illinois ILLIAC I
|1952
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|- id="X"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''X''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|Xerox Sigma 9
|1971
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[https://www.livingcomputers.org/Computer-Collection/Vintage-Computers/Mainframes/Xerox-Sigma-9.aspx Living Computers]
|- id="Z"
| colspan="5" style="background: #ECECEC;"| '''Z''' <small>{{IndexComp}}</small>
|-
|Zuse Z1
|1938
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[[wikipedia:Z1_(computer)|Wikipedia]]
|-
|Zuse Z2
|1940
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|
|-
|Zuse Z3
|1941
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[[wikipedia:Z3_(computer)|Wikipedia]]
|-
|Zuse Z4
|1945
| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
|
|[[wikipedia:Z4_(computer)|Wikipedia]]
|}
</div>

[[Category:Computers|*]]
[[Category:Emulated By MAME|*]]
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{WIP}}
 ==Terminology==
 '''Desk-size Computers''', as a slang of '''MiniComputers''' due to their size and usual appearance, are a type of smaller general-purpose computer with size, price, and extensibility less than a mainframe computer, but still higher than microcomputers, later commonly known as personal computers (PCs). Usage and demands of minicomputers have greatly shrunk and are being taken over by PC-based server clusters over the years, but some of them are still serving irreplaceable roles for their high reliability and extensibility.
@@ Line 7: / Line 8: @@
 Notice that the identification and distinction between PC-based clusters/servers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers aren't based on size, performance, or price, but system architecture, extensibility, and reliability; As integrated circuit technology evolves, a mainframe could be the size of a minicomputer (e.g. IBM System 390 Integrated Server 3006), a minicomputer could be a size of a relatively big personal computer/PC based server (e.g. IBM i5 515), while a regular laptop PC could achieve the performance of multi-million dollar mainframe in 1980s just by emulating it.
-<div style="overflow-x:auto;width:100%">
+{|class="wikitable"
-{|class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
 |+ Comparison
 ! Category
@@ Line 59: / Line 59: @@
 |Least concerned; programs are usually specifically built for specific supercomputer; sometimes supercomputers are even built for a specific task (e.g. Anton series)
 |}
-</div>
 ==List of Desk-size computers / Supercomputers / Mainframes==
@@ Line 243: / Line 242: @@
 | style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
 |
-|[https://github.com/andrastantos/cray-sim cray-sim]
+|
 |-
 |Cray Research XMS
@@ Line 255: / Line 254: @@
 | style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
 |
-|[https://github.com/andrastantos/cray-sim cray-sim]
+|
 |-
 |Csiro Csirac
@@ Line 369: / Line 368: @@
 | style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
 |
-|-
-|Fujitsu Facom M series
-|1974
-| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
-|
-|[https://www.fujitsu.com/jp/products/computing/servers/mainframe/gs21/solution/7-pxm/ OSIV/XSP Enabling Kit for PRIMEQUEST PC-Based Server]
 |-
 |Fujitsu Facom VP series
@@ Line 508: / Line 501: @@
 |
 |[https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=980&st=1 Old Computers] [http://simh.trailing-edge.com/ SIMH]
-|-
-|IBM System/36
-|1983
-| style="background: Gainsboro;"| None
-|
-|[https://wiki.midrange.com/index.php/System/36#Why_People_Didn.27t_Migrate Open/36 - probably lost in history]</br>[https://wiki.midrange.com/index.php/System/36#Why_People_Didn.27t_Migrate Infinite36]
 |-
 |IBM System370 / ESA390
@@ Line 873: / Line 860: @@
 |}
 </div>
-==References==
-<references/>
-==Also See==
-* [[Android emulators|Android]] / [[iOS emulators|iOS]] - This list dose not include devices that use the iOS or Android, for those, go to their respective pages.
-* [[List of computers|Laptops / Luggables / Subnotebooks / Workstations / Desktops]] - Some of these classes of computers have been a standard since the late 60s.
-* [[Miscellaneous Computers]]
-----
-{{NEL}}
 [[Category:Computers|*]]
-[[Category:Various Emulation]]
+[[Category:Emulated By MAME|*]]