Atari 2600: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox gaming console | {{Infobox gaming console | ||
| image = Atari-2600-Wood-4Sw-Set.png | | image = Atari-2600-Wood-4Sw-Set.png | ||
| caption = Four-switch VCS model (1980–1982) | | caption = Four-switch VCS model (1980–1982) | ||
| manufacturer = [[ | | manufacturer = [[Atari, Inc.]] | ||
| type = [[ | | type = [[Home video game console]] | ||
| generation = [[ | | generation = [[Second generation of video game consoles|Second]] | ||
| release_date | | release_date = NA: c. September 1977<br>EU: 1978<br>FRA: 1982<br>BR: September 1983<br>JP: October 1983 (Atari 2800) | ||
| discontinued = 1992 | | discontinued = 1992 | ||
| predecessor = [[ | | predecessor = [[Atari Home Pong]]<br>[[Atari Video Pinball]] | ||
| successor = [[Atari 5200]] | | successor = [[Atari 5200]] | ||
| emulated | | emulated = yes | ||
}} | }} | ||
The | The [[gametech:Atari 2600|'''Atari 2600''']] (also known as '''Video Computer System''' or simply '''VCS''') is a second-generation console released by [[wikipedia:Atari|Atari]] on September 11, 1977. It had a 6507 CPU at 1.19 MHz with 128 bytes of RAM. It had a 160x192 16-color, out of 128, display. | ||
Despite the apparent simplicity of the console and its games, emulation of the 2600 is surprisingly difficult relative to other early consoles due to its unusual primitive hardware designed as a cost-saving measure, including the complete lack of a framebuffer and resulting need to "race the beam" to display graphics. Despite this, at least two emulators have offered highly accurate 2600 emulation for years. | Despite the apparent simplicity of the console and its games, emulation of the 2600 is surprisingly difficult relative to other early consoles due to its unusual primitive hardware designed as a cost-saving measure, including the complete lack of a framebuffer and resulting need to "race the beam" to display graphics. Despite this, at least two emulators have offered highly accurate 2600 emulation for years. | ||
==Emulators== | == Emulators == | ||
{| | {| {{Emulator table|width=64.97%}} | ||
|+ | |+{{Emulator comparison introduction|[[#Enhancements|enhancements]], [[#Hardware features and peripherals|hardware features & peripherals]], and [[#Hardware variants|hardware variants]]}} | ||
!Name | !Name | ||
!Platform(s) | !Platform(s) | ||
!Active? | |||
!Latest version | !Latest version | ||
![[Licensing|License]] | ![[Licensing|License]] | ||
!Compatibility | !Compatibility | ||
![[Emulation accuracy|Accuracy]] | ![[Emulation accuracy|Accuracy]] | ||
![[Recommended emulators|Recommended]] | ![[Libretro|libretro core]] | ||
![[Recommended emulators|Recommended? (overall)]] | |||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan=" | ! colspan="9" |PC | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Stella]] | |[[Stella]] | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Windows7|Linux|macOSx64|macOSARM|FreeBSD}} | [https://docs.libretro.com/library/stella/ stella_libretro] | ||
|[https://stella-emu.github.io/downloads.html {{StellaVer}}] | |||
| || | stella2014_libretro | ||
| align="left" |{{Icon|Windows|Windows7|Linux|LinuxARM|macOSx64|macOSARM|FreeBSD}} | |||
|{{Ya}} | |||
|[https://stella-emu.github.io/downloads.html {{StellaVer}}] | |||
[https://www.retroarch.com/index.php?page=platforms libretro core]<ref group="note">Even though it's updated frequently, some [[Atari 2600#Hardware features and peripherals|hardware features]] are exclusive to the standalone version. Therefore, using the standalone version is recommended.</ref> | |||
[https://www.freshports.org/emulators/stella FreeBSD port] | |||
[https://6502ts.github.io/stellerator/ web] | |||
|{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) | |||
| | |||
|Cycle||{{Ya}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|[[MAME]] | |[[MAME]] | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD}} | | align="left" |{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD}} | ||
| | |{{Ya}} | ||
| || | |[http://www.mamedev.org/release.html {{MAMEVer}}] | ||
[https://buildbot.libretro.com/nightly/ libretro core]<ref group="note">As 0.251, 0.139 (2010), 0.78 (2003), 0.37b5 (2000)</ref> | |||
|{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}}<br>{{License|BSD3}} | |||
| | |||
|Cycle||{{Ya}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|[[ | |[[Z64K]] | ||
|align=left|{{Icon| | | align="left" |{{Icon|Java}}||{{Ya}} | ||
|[ | |[https://z64k.com/ {{Z64KVer}}]||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} | ||
| || | | | ||
|Cycle||{{Na}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|- | |||
|Stella - Pyra | |||
| align="left" |{{Icon|Pyra}}||{{Na}} | |||
|[https://pyra-handheld.com/repo/apps/8 0.1]||{{Dunno}} | |||
| | |||
|?||{{Na}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|- | |||
|2600.emu | |||
| align="left" |{{Icon|Pyra}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|[https://pyra-handheld.com/repo/apps/73 1.5.46.02 Pyra]||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} | |||
| | |||
|?||{{Na}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|[[ares]] | |[[ares]] | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS}} | | align="left" |{{Icon|Windows|WoA|Linux|macOS}} | ||
|[https://nightly.link/ares-emulator/ares/workflows/build/master git Artifacts] | |{{Ya}} | ||
| {{Emulator compatibility|link=https://ares-emu.net/compatibility| | |[https://nightly.link/ares-emulator/ares/workflows/build/master git Artifacts] | ||
|?||{{~}} | [https://github.com/ares-emulator/ares/releases {{aresVer}}] | ||
|{{Green}} {{License|ISC}} ({{License|Permissive}} | |||
|{{Emulator compatibility|26|56|link=https://ares-emu.net/compatibility}} | |||
|?||{{Na}}||{{~}} | |||
|- | |||
|[[BizHawk]] | |||
(Original, Stella) | |||
| align="left" |{{Icon|Windows|Linux}} | |||
|{{Ya}} | |||
|[https://gitlab.com/TASVideos/BizHawk/-/pipelines Dev builds] | |||
[http://tasvideos.org/BizHawk/ReleaseHistory.html {{BizHawkVer}}] | |||
|{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}})<br>{{License|GPL}} | |||
| | |||
|? | |||
[[BizHawk#Supported systems|(Core-dependent)]] | |||
|{{Na}}||{{~}} | |||
|- | |||
|[https://github.com/ppeccin/javatari.js javatari] | |||
[https://github.com/ppeccin/javatari javatari.js (old)] | |||
| align="left" |{{Icon|Web}}||{{Na}} | |||
|[http://javatari.org 5.0.3]||{{Green}} {{License|AGPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) | |||
| | |||
|?||{{Na}}||{{~}} | |||
|- | |||
|[[Pantheon]] | |||
| align="left" |{{Icon|Windows}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|[http://bostjan-grandovec.si/Content/News.htm {{PantheonVer}}]||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} | |||
| | |||
|High||{{Na}}||{{~}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|[http://pcae.vg-network.com/ PCAE] | |[http://pcae.vg-network.com/ PCAE] | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|DOS}} | | align="left" |{{Icon|Windows|DOS}} | ||
|[http://pcae.vg-network.com/ 2.6] | |{{Na}} | ||
| || | |[http://pcae.vg-network.com/ 2.6] | ||
[http://www.bjars.com/emulators/pcaewin_2.7.zip 2.7] | |||
|{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) | |||
| | |||
|High||{{Na}}||{{~}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|[https://alienbill.com/2600/ z26] | |[https://alienbill.com/2600/ z26] | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD|DOS}} | | align="left" |{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD|DOS}}||{{Na}} | ||
|[http://www.whimsey.com/z26/z26.html 4.07] | |[http://www.whimsey.com/z26/z26.html 4.07]||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) | ||
| || | | | ||
|High||{{Na}}||{{~}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|[ | |[[Clock Signal|CLK]] | ||
|align=left|{{Icon| | | align="left" |{{Icon|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD}}||{{Ya}} | ||
|[https://github.com/TomHarte/CLK/releases {{ClkVer}}]||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) | |||
| | |||
|Mid||{{Na}}||{{Na}} | |||
|[https:// | |||
| || | |||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Gopher2600]] | |[[Gopher2600]] | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux}} | | align="left" |{{Icon|Windows|Linux}}||{{Ya}} | ||
|[https://github.com/JetSetIlly/Gopher2600/releases {{Gopher2600Ver}}] | |[https://github.com/JetSetIlly/Gopher2600/releases {{Gopher2600Ver}}]||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) | ||
| | | | ||
|High||{{Na}}||{{Na}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|[http://emu7800.sourceforge.net/ EMU7800] | |[http://emu7800.sourceforge.net/ EMU7800] | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}} | | align="left" |{{Icon|Windows}}||{{Ya}} | ||
|[https://github.com/emu7800/emu7800.github.io/releases {{EMU7800Ver}}] | |[https://github.com/emu7800/emu7800.github.io/releases {{EMU7800Ver}}]||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) | ||
| || | | | ||
|Mid||{{Na}}||{{Na}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Stellarator | |Stellarator | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD}} | | align="left" |{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD}}||{{Ya}} | ||
|[https://github.com/dpiponi/Stellarator git] | |[https://github.com/dpiponi/Stellarator git]||{{Green}} {{License|BSD3}} ({{License|Permissive}}) | ||
| || | | | ||
|?||{{Na}}||{{Na}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan=" | ! colspan="9" |Mobile | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[https://docs.libretro.com/library/stella/ stella_libretro] | |||
stella2014_libretro | |||
| align="left" |{{Icon|Android|iOS|GP32}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|[https://buildbot.libretro.com/nightly/ libretro core]||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) | |||
| | |||
|?||{{Ya}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|[https://docs.libretro.com/library/stella/ stella_libretro] | |||
|align=left|{{Icon|Android|iOS| | |||
|[https://buildbot.libretro.com/nightly/ libretro core] | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
|2600.emu | |2600.emu | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|Android| | | align="left" |{{Icon|Android}} | ||
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.explusalpha.A2600Emu {{.emuVer}}] | |{{Ya}} | ||
| || | |[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.explusalpha.A2600Emu {{.emuVer}}]||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} | ||
| | |||
|?||{{Na}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Ataroid | |Ataroid | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}} | | align="left" |{{Icon|Android}}||{{Na}} | ||
|[https://www.zophar.net/android/a2600/ataroid.html 1.0.4] | |[https://www.zophar.net/android/a2600/ataroid.html 1.0.4]||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} | ||
| || | | | ||
|?||{{Na}}||{{Na}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|g2600 | |g2600 | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}} | | align="left" |{{Icon|Android}}||{{Na}} | ||
|[https://apkpure.com/g2600-a2600-emu/com.goodgorgon.play2600/download?from=details 7.2.0] | |[https://apkpure.com/g2600-a2600-emu/com.goodgorgon.play2600/download?from=details 7.2.0]||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} | ||
| | | | ||
|?||{{Na}}||{{Na}} | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Manic EMU]] | |[[Manic EMU]] | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|iOS|iPadOS}} | | align="left" |{{Icon|iOS|iPadOS}} | ||
|{{Ya}} | |{{Ya}} | ||
|[https://apps.apple.com/us/app/manic-emu-game-emulator/id6743335790 {{Manic EMUVer}}] | |||
[https://github.com/Manic-EMU/ManicEMU/releases git] | |||
|{{Green}} {{License|AGPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) | |{{Green}} {{License|AGPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) | ||
| | | | ||
|?||{{Dunno}} | |?||{{Na}}||{{Dunno}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Provenance]] | |||
| align="left" |{{Icon|iOS|iPadOS|tvOS}} | |||
|{{Ya}} | |||
|[https://apps.apple.com/us/app/provenance-app/id1596862805 {{ProvenanceVer}}] | |||
[https://github.com/Provenance-Emu/Provenance/releases git] | |||
|{{Dunno}} | |||
| | |||
|?||{{Na}}||{{Dunno}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|[https://docs.libretro.com/library/stella/ stella_libretro] | ! colspan="9" |Console | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|PS3|PSP|Vita | |- | ||
|[https://www.retroarch.com/index.php?page=platforms libretro core] | |[https://docs.libretro.com/library/stella/ stella_libretro] | ||
| || | stella2014_libretro | ||
| align="left" |{{Icon|PS3|PSP|Vita|Wii|WiiU|3DS|Switch|XboxOne|XboxSXS}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|[https://www.retroarch.com/index.php?page=platforms libretro core]||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) | |||
| | |||
|Mid||{{Ya}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|StellaDS | |StellaDS | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|NDS}} | | align="left" |{{Icon|NDS}} | ||
|[https://github.com/DS-Homebrew/StellaDS git] | |{{Ya}}<br><small>(Phoenix Edition)</small> | ||
| || | |[https://github.com/DS-Homebrew/StellaDS git] | ||
[https://www.gamebrew.org/wiki/StellaDS 1.2] | |||
[https://github.com/wavemotion-dave/StellaDS Phoenix Edition] | |||
|{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) | |||
| | |||
|?||{{Na}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Wii2600 | |Wii2600 | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|Wii}} | | align="left" |{{Icon|Wii}}||{{~}} | ||
|[https://github.com/arocchi/wii2600/releases git] | |[https://github.com/arocchi/wii2600/releases git]||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) | ||
| || | | | ||
|Mid||{{Na}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|PSP2600 | |PSP2600 | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|PSP}} | | align="left" |{{Icon|PSP}} | ||
|[https://psp.brewology.com/downloads/get.php?id=9738 1.2.0] | |{{Na}} | ||
| || | |[https://psp.brewology.com/downloads/get.php?id=9738 1.2.0] | ||
[https://psp.brewology.com/downloads/get.php?id=9736 Source (1.2.0)] | |||
|{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) | |||
| | |||
|Mid||{{Na}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Stella GC | |Stella GC | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|NGC}} | | align="left" |{{Icon|NGC}}||{{Na}} | ||
|[https://www.gc-forever.com/wiki/index.php?title=StellaGC 18-12-2007]||{{ | |[https://www.gc-forever.com/wiki/index.php?title=StellaGC 18-12-2007]||{{Dunno}} | ||
| | |||
|Mid||{{Na}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|PVCS Reloaded | |PVCS Reloaded | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|PS2}} | | align="left" |{{Icon|PS2}}||{{Na}} | ||
|[http://www.brunofreitas.com/node/26 0.3] | |[http://www.brunofreitas.com/node/26 0.3]||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) | ||
| || | | | ||
|Mid||{{Na}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Stella DC | |Stella DC | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|DC}} | | align="left" |{{Icon|DC}}||{{Na}} | ||
|[https://dcemulation.org/index.php?title=Stella_DC 0.2F]||{{Na}} ||{{ | |[https://dcemulation.org/index.php?title=Stella_DC 0.2F]||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} | ||
| | | | ||
|?||{{Na}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|- | |||
|[https://docs.libretro.com/library/stella/ stella_libretro] | |||
stella2014_libretro | |||
| align="left" |{{Icon|GP32}}||{{Ya}} | |||
|[https://buildbot.libretro.com/nightly/ libretro core]||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) | |||
| | |||
|?||{{Ya}}||{{Dunno}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan=" | ! colspan="9" |Other | ||
|- | |- | ||
|1FPS Atari 2600 Emulator | |1FPS Atari 2600 Emulator | ||
|Minecraft | |Minecraft||{{Ya}} | ||
|[https://sethbling.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Downloads/Builds/15seconds.zip 0.2]||{{ | |[https://sethbling.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Downloads/Builds/15seconds.zip 0.2]||{{Dunno}} | ||
| | |||
|?||{{Na}}||{{Na}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
===Comparisons=== | === Comparisons === | ||
*[[ | * [[Stella]] has been the go-to emulator for this system for many years. While the user interface is dated, its feature set is extensive, including support for multiple peripherals and debugging capabilities. It is one of the oldest console emulators still in active development. | ||
==Enhancements== | * [[MAME]] is a respectable alternative to Stella. It is also cycle-accurate, and accuracy is likely comparable between both emulators in most cases. | ||
{| | |||
! colspan="2" style="width:50%"|Name | == Enhancements == | ||
! Stella | {| {{Basic table}} | ||
! MAME | ! colspan="2" style="width:50%" |Name | ||
!Stella | |||
!MAME | |||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" |Misc. | | rowspan="2" |Misc. | ||
|{{Enhancements/Misc./RetroAchievements}}||{{Ya}}< | |{{Enhancements/Misc./RetroAchievements}}||{{Ya}}<br><small>Exclusive to libretro core.</small> | ||
|{{Na}} | |{{Na}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 209: | Line 282: | ||
| | | | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Hardware features and peripherals== | == Hardware features and peripherals == | ||
{{ | {| {{Basic table}} | ||
! colspan="3" style="width:50%" |Name | ! colspan="3" style="width:50%" |Name | ||
!Stella | !Stella | ||
| Line 253: | Line 325: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" |Mouse | | rowspan="2" |Mouse | ||
|Amiga mouse | |Amiga mouse||{{Ya}} | ||
|{{Ya}} | |||
|{{Dunno}} | |{{Dunno}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Atari mouse | |Atari mouse||{{Ya}} | ||
|{{Ya}} | |||
|{{Dunno}} | |{{Dunno}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 279: | Line 349: | ||
|{{Dunno}} | |{{Dunno}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" | | | colspan="2" |[https://lostmediawiki.com/Vortex_(lost_build_of_cancelled_Atari_2600_first-person_shooter_game_by_Spectravideo%3B_1983) ''Vortex''] 3D glasses||{{Na}} | ||
|{{Na}} | |{{Na}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan=" | | rowspan="6" |Misc. | ||
| colspan="2" |Androman robot||{{Na}} | | colspan="2" |Androman robot||{{Na}} | ||
|{{Na}} | |{{Na}} | ||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" |Atari 7800 Development Card<ref group="note">Some 2600 prototypes expect it.</ref> | |||
|{{Dunno}} | |||
|{{Dunno}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Atari 7800 pause button||{{Ya}} | | colspan="2" |Atari 7800 pause button||{{Ya}} | ||
|{{Dunno}} | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" |Display Processor Chip<ref group="note">Only used in ''Pitfall II: Lost Caverns''.</ref>||{{Ya}} | |||
|{{Dunno}} | |{{Dunno}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 294: | Line 371: | ||
| colspan="2" |[https://www.techeblog.com/moviecart-play-movies-original-atari-2600-hardware/ MovieCart]||{{Ya}} | | colspan="2" |[https://www.techeblog.com/moviecart-play-movies-original-atari-2600-hardware/ MovieCart]||{{Ya}} | ||
|{{Na}} | |{{Na}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
==External links== | == Notes == | ||
{{Notelist|group=note}} | |||
== References == | |||
{{Reflist}} | |||
== External links == | |||
* [http://www.atarimania.com/rom_collection_archive_atari_2600_roms.html Atari 2600 VCS ROM Collection by Rom Hunter] | * [http://www.atarimania.com/rom_collection_archive_atari_2600_roms.html Atari 2600 VCS ROM Collection by Rom Hunter] | ||
===Internet Archive=== | === Internet Archive === | ||
* [https://archive.org/details/atari_2600_library Console Library: Atari 2600] | * [https://archive.org/details/atari_2600_library Console Library: Atari 2600] | ||
* [https://archive.org/details/atari2600manuals Console Manuals: Atari 2600] | * [https://archive.org/details/atari2600manuals Console Manuals: Atari 2600] | ||
{{Atari}} | {{Atari}} | ||
[[Category:65xx-based]] | [[Category:65xx-based]] | ||
[[Category:Atari consoles]] | [[Category:Atari consoles]] | ||