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Android emulators

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'''[[wikipedia:Android (operating system)|Android]]''' is a mobile operating system developed by Google and the Open Handset Alliance. It was originally developed in secret before launching in 2008 as a competitor against Apple's [[iOS emulators|iPhone]]. While other mobile operating systems have been made throughout the years, none have emerged in terms of market share nearly as much as Android.
Android is like a Linux distribution in that it uses the Linux kernel to facilitate communication with the hardware and manage processes on the system. Unfortunately, the similarities end there, as Android uses an entirely different toolset from standard Linux distributions and no support is given for running it on PCs. (Software development on Android is also nothing like Linux development as apps are compiled into architecture-specific <code>APK</code>s via Java which, like IPA files on [[iOS emulators|iOS]], are specially designed Zip files. They may be occasionally coupled with <code>OBB</code> files, see [[Copy_protection#Bypassing_Copy_Protection]] section for information about APK+DATA and copy protection situation on Android). While Android can technically run Linux binaries, doing so requires superuser privileges that Android does not provide by default. For many devices, you can expect to see a custom ROM that has an integrated su binary (or a means to install it easily, such as a custom recovery), but not all devices have one.
However, the Linux kernel is flexible enough that it can be emulated well, unlike iOS, older cell phone models, and older Japanese Galapagos mobile phones. While Android natively supports mice<ref group=N>If you have an Android device, you can confirm this by connecting a Bluetooth or USB mouse via a USB adapter.</ref>, most apps expect users to have a touchscreen, so Android emulators will usually default to emulating touchscreen presses like [[Nintendo DS emulators|DS emulation]] (though it can be less than ideal in many cases). The host's keyboard may often emulate the button controller add-ons, and some emulators support [[Xbox 360 emulators|Xbox 360]] controllers with some more tweaks.
;*[[Hypervisors|Hardware-assisted virtualization]] feature must be turned from your BIOS for most of these methods due to performance reasons.
;*You need to turn off Hyper-V from Windows Feature panel if [[Hypervisors|Type-2 hypervisor]] used by the emulator due to [[Hypervisors#Hyper-V_feature_conflict_issue|conflict issue]]. Having said that some emulators like BlueStacks provide special Hyper-V build for prevent this issue. Recently, with [https://support.bluestacks.com/hc/en-us/articles/22561951043981-BlueStacks-5-20-Release-Notes#01HMGBJDK8G7J7S9C0G5R9SBVR BlueStacks 5 version 5.20, you can now run BlueStacks with Hyper-V enabled] including all instances such as Nougat 32-bit, which will run as intended and no additional changes required.
;*Tons of bloated, obsolete or non-active other Android "emulators" exists there but we're not gonna list them, see [https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Android_emulators&diff=66635&oldid=66634#Emulators this page] for that.
;*If you already have an Android device, we recommend using a mirroring application like "[https://github.com/Genymobile/scrcpy scrcpy]" instead of these "emulators".
<div style="overflow-x:auto;width:100%">
|?
|{{~}}[https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/android/wsa/ *] ||{{~}}
|-
|[https://waydro.id/index.html Waydroid]
|align=left|{{Icon|Linux}}
|[https://waydro.id/#install git]<br />[https://github.com/casualsnek/waydroid_script Extras script]
|{{✗}}
|{{✗}}
|?
|{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}
|-
|[https://trinityemulator.github.io/ Trinity]
|?
|<span title="Source-available"><sup>{{~}}</sup></span> ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}
|-
|[[Anbox]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Linux}}
|[https://docs.anbox.io/userguide/install.html git]
|{{✗}}
|{{✗}}
|?
|{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|[[BlueStacks]]
|?
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}<ref group=N2 name=Bloatware></ref>
|}
</div>
 
==Compatibility layers ([[Compatibility_layers|...]])==
''These compatibility layers designed for running android applications on ARM and x86 devices but these projects kinda negligible due to their compatibility levels''.
<div style="overflow-x:auto;width:100%">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;width:100%"
|-
! scope|Andy OS|align="col"left|{{Icon|Windows|macOS}}|[https://andyroid.net/ 0.47.226.1096.26]|?|?|?|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}<ref group=N2 name=Bloatware></ref>|-|NameDroid4X! scope|align="col"left|{{Icon|Windows|macOS}}|[https://droid4x.cc/ 0.10.7]|?|?|?|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}|-|PlatformARC Welder<br /><small>(sGoogle Chrome)</small>! scope|align="col"left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|VersionWeb}}! scope="col"|[[#Hardware_featureshttps://developer.chrome.com/apps/getstarted_arc ARC 50.5021.602.0]|?|?|?|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}|-|Hardware features]]ARChon<br /><small>(Google Chrome)</small>! scope|align="col"left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}|[[#Enhancementshttps://archon-runtime.github.io/ ARC 41.4410.238.0]|?|Enhancements]]?! scope="col"|Compatibility?! scope="col"|<abbr span title="Free/Libre and OpenSource-Source Softwareavailable">FLOSS<sup>{{~}}</sup></abbrspan>||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}|-|KoPlayer|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}|[https://koplayerpc.com/ 2.0.0]|?|?|?|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}|-|LeapDroid|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}|[http://www.leapdroid.com/ 1.8.0]|?|?|?|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}|-|Peak App Player|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}|[http://web.archive.org/web/20191120002207/http://www.peakplayer.net/index.php/en/peakplayeren/ 1.2.5 Beta 2]|?! scope|?|?|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}|-|Shashlik|align="col"left|{{Icon|Linux}}|[http://www.shashlik.io/ 0.9.3]|?|?|?|{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}|-|ActiveSmartGaGa! scope|align="col"left|{{Icon|Windows}}|[http://web.archive.org/web/20190820044528/https://www.smartgaga.com/ 1.1.646]|?|?|?|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}|-|Windroy|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}|[Recommended Emulatorshttps://sourceforge.net/projects/windroy/ 4.0.3]|Recommended?|?|?|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}|-|Windroye|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}|2.9.1|?|?|?|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}|-|Xamarin Android Player|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|macOS}}|[https://github.com/xamarin/release-notes-archive/blob/master/release-notes/android/android-player/index.md 0.6.5]|?|?|?|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}|-|XePlayer|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}|[http://xeplayer.com/ 6.0.10]|?|?|?|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}|-|YouWave|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}|[https://youwave.com/ 5.11]|?|?|?|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
|-
! colspan="10"|x86ARM
|-
|[https://waydro.id/index.html WayDroidWaydroid]
|align=left|{{Icon|Linux}}
|[https://waydro.id/#install git]<br />[https://github.com/casualsnek/waydroid_script Extras script]
|{{✗}}
|?
|{{}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}
|-
|[[Anbox]]
|{{✗}}
|{{✗}}
|?
|{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|Project Astoria
|align=left|{{Icon|Win10Phone}}
|Discontinued ($)
|?
|?
|?
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
|}
</div>
==Android Linux distros ([[Recommended_Linux_distros#Android|...]])==
|}
==AOSP ([[Recommended_Linux_distros#Android|...]])==
<div style="overflow-x:auto;width:100%">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;width:100%"
|-
! scope="col"|Name
! scope="col"|Frontend
! scope="col"|Latest Version
! scope="col"|[[#Hardware_features|Hardware features]]
! scope="col"|[[#Enhancements|Enhancements]]
! scope="col"|Compatibility
! scope="col"|<abbr title="Free/Libre and Open-Source Software">FLOSS</abbr>
! scope="col"|Active
! scope="col"|[[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]
|-
! colspan="10"|ARM
|-
|LineageOS
|Trebuchet
|[https://switchroot.org/ 15.1] (<abbr title="based on the Nvidia Shield TV build of LineageOS">[https://wiki.lineageos.org/devices/#nvidia Switch]</abbr>)<br/>[https://konstakang.com/devices/rpi3/ <small>Raspberry Pi 3 builds</small>]<br/>[https://konstakang.com/devices/rpi4/ <small>Raspberry Pi 4 builds</small>]<br/>[https://konstakang.com/devices/rpi5/ <small>Raspberry Pi 5 builds</small>]
|?
|?
|?
|{{?}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}
|}
 
==Compatibility layers ([[Compatibility_layers|...]])==
<div style="overflow-x:auto;width:100%">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;width:100%"
|-
! scope="col"|Name
! scope="col"|Platform(s)
! scope="col"|Latest Version
! scope="col"|[[#Hardware_features|Hardware features]]
! scope="col"|[[#Enhancements|Enhancements]]
! scope="col"|Compatibility
! scope="col"|<abbr title="Free/Libre and Open-Source Software">FLOSS</abbr>
! scope="col"|Active
! scope="col"|[[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]
|-
! colspan="10"|x86
|-
|KMRE
|align=left|{{Icon|Linux}}
|[https://archive.ubuntukylin.com/ubuntukylin/pool/partner/kmre_2.4.6.8+22.04_amd64.deb 2.4.6.8]
|?
|?
|{{?}} ||{{?}} ||{{?}} ||{{✗}}
|}
<references group=N2 />
===Comparisons===;Emulators:;Genymotion::A closed-source Android emulator with lots of [[#Hardware_features|hardware features]], available for Windows, macOS, and Linux. It's not designed for gaming, but [https://support.genymotion.com/hc/en-us/articles/360003059737-Can-I-play-games-with-Genymotion it has decent software compatibility]. It's a commercial product though, aimed at software developers and QA teams and you'll need to create an account and download the free non-commercial use license. Except for the pay-to-remove "free for personal use" watermark on the screen, paid builds add features only useful for Android app developers. Unlike other closed-source emulators, Genymotion avoids pre-installing unnecessary apps.
:;Google Play Games::Not to be confused with the [[Preservation_projects#Private_Platform_Servers|service of the same name]], Google Play Games is a PC application that lets you browse, download, and play '''select mobile games''' on a Windows desktop or laptop. Use developer build if you want more [[#Hardware_features|hardware feature]] support. Google Play Games is not yet available for Mac. Currently, only bunch of games are available for beta version but Google adding games on a regular basis.<ref>[https://play.google.com/googleplaygames#section-faqs Google Play Games FAQ]</ref>
[[File:Android Studio built-in emulator device skin demonstration.jpeg|thumb|298px|Android Studio built-in emulator device skin demonstration, see [[#Enhancements]]]]
:;Trinity
:Open source Android emulator, it aims for high [https://youtu.be/tfq4MsxaHZw?t=855 performance] and it's even faster than Google Play Games emulator. See [https://github.com/TrinityEmulator/TrinityEmulator#2-detailed-instructions Guest OS image installation guide] for installation. Also see [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tfq4MsxaHZw OSDI '22 - Trinity: High-Performance Mobile Emulation through Graphics Projection] presentation for more information.
:;Android Studio::Android Studio is an IDE software based on JetBrains' IntelliJ IDEA. It has built-in Android emulator with [https://developer.android.com/studio/run/managing-avds AVD (Android Virtual Device) configuration manager]. While its built-in emulator (which is literally called as [https://developer.android.com/studio/run/emulator "Android Emulator"]) may not be the fastest or software compatible (supports lots of OS image though), Android Studio shines as a developer's toolkit, offering seamless integration with coding, debugging, and testing tools for Android smartphones, [[Smart_TV_emulators#Android_TV.2FGoogle_TV|Android TVs]], [https://developer.android.com/wear Wear OS] and other Android ecosystem hardware. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K1TTzkToDyE Recent updates brings new UI] aims to reduce complexity, provide easier access to essential features etc. It has built-in plugin manager which you can get Genymotion plugin for further enhance its emulation capabilities. Also you can use [https://developer.android.com/games/playgames/pg-emulator#debug adb to debugging with developer version of "Google Play Games" emulator]. Supports lots of [[#Hardware features]] and [[#Enhancements]]. See release notes for [https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/emulator built-in "Android Emulator"] and [https://androidstudio.googleblog.com/ Android Studio] for more information. :;Waydroid and Anbox::These are hypervisor-based containers. They run an Android OS image inside a container. It is a similar approach to WSA and Google Play Games. They work completely differently from Wine/Proton [[compatibility layers]], which translate API calls, without a hypervisor.::Anbox is a project that aims to run Android applications on Ubuntu distributions. It is in alpha state and only known to work on Ubuntu 16.04. Anbox requires custom kernel modules to run because, unlike other emulators which emulate the whole Linux kernel, this one uses the host system's Linux kernel directly. :;BlueStacks::A commercial software with a decent compatibility and performance. It has lots of [[#Enhancements|enhancement]] and [[#Hardware_features|hardware feature]] support. Newer versions bundled with "BlueStacks X" software and "BlueStacks services" which you can uninstall it afterwards, and you need to uninstall these during each update session unfortunately (BlueStacks Player do not need these apps). It includes Google Apps by default. :;MuMu Player::Another closed-source Android emulator. There are three versions of MuMu available::;MuMu Player 6:::This version of MuMu uses Android 6.0 Marshmallow::;MuMu Player X:::This one is based on Android 12 Snow Cone and may have more compatibility with games::;MuMu Nebula:::This version runs Android 7.0 Nougat and is more suitable for low-end computers :;MEmu::Another closed-source Android emulator and also with good compatibility. :;LDPlayer::Another closed-source Android emulator and also with good compatibility. When testing games alongside Nox, LDPlayer shows better performance/compatibility with games. :;Droid4x::Has good compatibility but forcefully uninstalls VirtualBox, so it cannot co-exist with Genymotion and Xamarin. It's not recommended because it will install hidden background services (xunlei.exe, and Thunder.exe, both by the Chinese company which developed Droid4x) that seed Chinese torrents constantly and are a pain to uninstall or deactivate (in case you've already fallen for it, use Revo Uninstaller).
:;BlueStacksWindroy:A commercial software with :(Without the 'e' suffix) is a decent compatibility and performancefast Android emulator that does not rely on VirtualBox or any similar technology. It has lots of [[#Enhancements|enhancement]] and [[#Hardware_features|hardware feature]] supportCompatibility isn't good, though. Newer versions bundled While the Google Play store can be installed with "BlueStacks X" software and "BlueStacks services" which you some tinkering, not many games can uninstall it afterwards, and you need be installed (due to uninstall these during each update session unfortunately (BlueStacks Player do not need these appsfaking device names)and will spawn multiple harmless-yet-annoying app_process. It includes Google Apps by defaultexe crashes. The official site is down since July 2016.
;MuMu Player:Another closed-source Android emulator. There are three versions of MuMu available:;MuMu Player 6Windroye::This version of MuMu (With the 'e' suffix) uses Android 6VirtualBox, but still offers better performance than BlueStacks.0 Marshmallow:;MuMu Player X::This one The Play Store is based on Android 12 Snow Cone installed by default and may have more compatibility with games:;MuMu Nebula::This version runs Android 7has no stability issues found in Windroy.0 Nougat and is more suitable for low-end computers
:;MEmuShashlik:Another closed-source :A project by KDE that aims to run Android applications on Linux using KDE5 and Qt5 technology. The project is in infancy state and only known to run on latest Kubuntu versions. It lacks ARM processor emulation, so not many games will run. It is, however, known to play [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9SC6c_ih_Ac Flappy Bird] and can show [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ju_R8ftiIp4 Spotify's login screen]. It uses a modified version of [[QEMU]] to emulate the Android emulator operating system. The last major update was in March 2016 and also with good compatibilityseems to be abandoned.
:;LDPlayerXamarin Android Player:Another closed:A newcomer to the Android emulation market. Not much is known about this because it required a minimum $25/month subscription to main Xamarin products. The main Xamarin products were [https://blog.xamarin.com/xamarin-source for-all made available for free] after the purchase by Microsoft, but Xamarin Android Player was discontinued. :;Project Astoria::A Microsoft-developed Android emulator for Windows 10 Mobile included in several insider previews. It could run [https://www.reddit.com/r/windowsphone/comments/3gaoct/android_apps_that_work_on_win10_right_now/ a few applications], though apps that required Google Play Services did not run or had issues. This project was reportedly [http://www.windowscentral.com/microsofts-project-astoria-delayed discontinued] in November 2015, and also [http://www.winbeta.org/news/microsoft-confirms-the-death-of-project-astoria-focusing-on-other-bridges-instead its cancellation was confirmed] on February 2016, so the emulator is not included in more recent versions of Windows 10 Mobile. ;Android Linux distros:;Andy OS::Not recommended because it will install a [https://www.reddit.com/r/emulation/comments/8rq4fm/reminder_that_andyroid_mines_cryptocurrency/ cryptocurrency miner] on your system without asking or informing the user. Just like Genymotion, Andy OS uses VirtualBox, but with good a twist: if it detects an installed VirtualBox during installation, '''it will delete it''' and will refuse to work. ;Compatibility layers :;KMRE::KMRE is a compatibilitylayer and The official solution to run Android applications on computers with Chinese homegrown Phytium/KunPeng ARM processors and NeoKylin Linux operating system, though later also available on x86-64 on [https://www.ubuntukylin. When testing games alongside Noxcom/index-en.html Ubuntu Kylin]. KMRE is not designed with third-party applications outside its app store and in fact, LDPlayer shows better performance/compatibility force installing third-party apps breaks older versions of KMRE. It's an somewhat reasonable solution if you are restricted to working with gamesthese kinds of computers due to national security reasons. ::See [[#KMRE|KMRE section]] for more information.
==Hardware features==
| {{?}}
|-
| colspan=2 | [https://developer.android.com/develop/sensors-and-location/sensors/sensors_motion [List_of_games_that_support_tracked_motion_controllers#Android_Emulation|Motion sensors]]
| {{?}}
| {{Y}}[https://support.bluestacks.com/hc/en-us/articles/360058638032-Advanced-settings-for-key-controls-in-BlueStacks-5-#%E2%80%9C9%E2%80%9D *]
| {{?}}
| {{Y}}[https://developer.android.com/studio/run/emulator-extended-controls *]
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|-
| colspan=2 | [https://developer.android.com/games/optimize/adpf/gamemode/about-API-and-interventions Game Mode]
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|-
| rowspan=2 4 | Misc
| [[Wikipedia:Variable_refresh_rate|Variable Refresh Rate compatible]]
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|-
| [[Virtual_reality#VR_game_room_simulations|EmuVR support]]
| colspan=11 | Exclusive to [https://www.emuvr.net/wiki/Installation_Guide#Downloads libretro cores] at the moment. So there is no support.
|-
| AI Service<br/><small>With the help of <abbr title="optical character recognition">OCR</abbr> and other techniques, the AI service can provide a live translation of a game, or text-to-speech capabilities for the visually impaired among other things, either on demand or automatically.</small>
| colspan=11 | Exclusive to [https://docs.libretro.com/guides/ai-service/ libretro cores] at the moment. So there is no support.
|-
| Debug features</br><small>adb support, [https://developer.android.com/agi AGI support], integration with IDE etc.</small>
===Android-based Operating Systems===
There are many [[wikipedia:Fork_(software_development)|forks]] of Android; some of these go beyond a custom UI and are instead entirely new OSes that use the Android code in addition to writing their own code, such as Amazon's Fire OS; in some cases these come as compatibility layers on top of an otherwise unrelated OS, such as Windows Subsystem for Android. Depending on how much (and what) new code, features, and APIs were added, will determine the effects they will have on Android emulation but if one thing is for sure, these forks are (most likely) going to cause some emulation issues.
 
===Google Chrome situation===
:Can open APK files using the ARC Welder extension, though their emulation on PC is average at best. Here's a [http://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1iIbxaftAu_ho5rv9fUlXSLTzwU6MbKOldsWXyrYiyo8/edit#gid=0 compatibility list] and a [https://www.reddit.com/r/chromeapks dedicated subreddit]. Google has announced [http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2016/05/the-play-store-comes-to-chrome-os-but-not-the-way-we-were-expecting/ Play Store for Chrome OS], but it works on a different "container" technology that is embedded in the Chrome OS. In addition, Google has [http://blog.chromium.org/2016/08/from-chrome-apps-to-web.html discontinued Google Chrome apps on PC].
===Emulator Specific Issues===
*[[Wikipedia:Comparison_of_high-definition_smartphone_displays#720p_by_1280_.28HD_ready.29|Early Android devices with OLED and HD Ready display]]
[[Category:Mobiles|*]]
[[Category:Android-based|*]]
[[Category:Android emulators|*]]
[[Category:Mobile Operating Systems|*]]
[[Category:Various Emulation]]
[[Category:Media Players|*]]
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{{NEL}}
 
==Notes==
<references group=N />
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