PC emulator comparisons: Difference between revisions

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{{NEL}}
#REDIRECT[[Intel-based PC emulator comparisons]]
{{main|POS (Pong Consoles) CPUs and Other Chips#x86 CPUs}}
{{for|emulators that run on DOS|Emulators on legacy Microsoft products#DOS}}
{{for|emulators that run on Windows 3.x|Emulators on legacy Microsoft products#Windows 3.x}}
{{for|emulators that run on Windows 9x|Emulators on legacy Microsoft products#Windows 9x}}
{{for|emulators that run on Windows 2000, Windows XP and Windows Vista|Emulators on legacy Microsoft products#Windows NT}}
 
The PC architecture originates from the 1981, '''IBM PC / model 5150'''. Due to being designed with off-the-shelf hardware, clone manufacturers could produce compatible hardware and was only limited by the copyright on the PC's BIOS. To circumvent this, competitors such as Compaq created their own compatible BIOSes using clean-room reverse engineering. See, [https://www.quora.com/How-did-Compaq-reverse-engineered-patented-IBM-code Compaq reverse engineered patented IBM BIOS code].
 
IBM PC is also the basis for the IBM PC compatible de facto standard. '''IBM PC compatible''' computers are technically similar to the original IBM PC, XT, and AT, all from computer giant IBM, that are able to use the same software and expansion cards. Such computers were referred to as PC clones, IBM clones or IBM PC clones. The term "IBM PC compatible" is now a historical description only, since IBM no longer sells personal computers after it sold its personal computer division in 2005 to Chinese technology company Lenovo. The designation "PC", as used in much of personal computer history, has not meant "personal computer" generally, '''but rather an x86 computer capable of running the same software that a contemporary IBM PC could'''. The term was initially in contrast to the variety of home computer systems available in the early 1980s, such as the Apple II, TRS-80, and Commodore 64. Later, the term was primarily used in contrast to Apple's Macintosh computers. During the 1990s, IBM's influence on PC architecture started to decline. "IBM PC compatible" becomes "'''Standard PC'''" in 1990s, and later "'''ACPI PC'''" in 2000s. An IBM-brand PC became the exception rather than the rule. Instead of placing importance on compatibility with the IBM PC, vendors began to emphasize compatibility with Windows.<ref>[[Wikipedia:IBM PC compatible|IBM PC compatible]] on wikipedia</ref>
 
While the PC is technically capable of running many different operating systems, most of the emulators on this page are intended for [[POS (Pong Consoles) CPUs and Other Chips#x86 CPUs|x86]] computers running DOS software, [[DOS-based, Windows 1.0x/2x/3x series|some kind of DOS-based Windows]] and [[Windows 95/98/ME emulators|Windows 9x]] (see [[#Operating systems|operating systems section]]). If you wish to run software intended for [[Windows NT 5.x emulators|Windows 2000 and Windows XP]] or even a [[Windows NT 6.x emulators|newer version of Windows]] it is suggested to use a "recommended solution" mentioned in their dedicated pages. Most emulators on this page requires an operating system to run, exceptions to this are DOSBox forks and DREAMM, with the former having its own DOS implementation and the latter implementing both DOS and Win32 APIs. If you want to run Windows software in DOSBox fork you still need a Windows install though.
 
Keep in mind that due to DOS and Windows running on a range of [[#Hardware .26 Peripheral Support|different hardware]], cycle accuracy is less crucial than for most systems covered by this wiki, as software could not rely on cycle timing of a particular chip without excluding a large part of the market.
 
== Emulators ==
:''Tons of non-active obsolete DOSBox forks for Android exists, see [https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=POS_(Pong_Consoles)_CPUs_and_Other_Chips&diff=70741&oldid=70740#x86_CPUs this page] for that.''
:''See [[:Category:x86-based]] page for other x86 based systems software emulation.''
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;width:100%"
!Name
!Platform(s)
!Latest version
![[#Enhancements|Enhancements]]
![[#Hardware_and_peripheral_support|Hardware support, features, and peripherals]]
![[#Operating systems|Operating systems]]
![[Licensing|License]]
!Active
![[Recommended emulators|Recommended]]
|-
!colspan="9"|x86
|-
|[[86Box]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|Mac}}
|[http://ci.86box.net/job/86Box Dev]<br/>[https://github.com/86Box/86Box/releases]<br/>[https://github.com/PCBox/PCBox/actions PCBox fork]
|{{~}} ||{{Ya}} ||MS-DOS<br/>Windows 1.0 - 2000 and later<ref group="lower-alpha" name=WinNTPerf>Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7 will install and run in 86Box (XP also supported on PCem), but is discouraged due to poor performance on the emulated hardware, see [[#Emulation issues|emulation issues section]] and [[#References|references]].</ref><br/>Linux ||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{Ya}} ||{{Ya}}
|-
|[[PCem]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|Mac}}
|[http://pcem-emulator.co.uk {{PCemVer}}]<br/>[https://github.com/sarah-walker-pcem/pcem/actions git]<br/>[https://github.com/PCemOnMac/PCemV17macOS/releases git] <small>(macos)</small>
|{{~}} ||{{Ya}} ||MS-DOS<br/>Windows 1.0 - 2000 and later<ref group="lower-alpha" name=WinNTPerf></ref><br/>Linux ||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{Ya}} ||{{Ya}}
|-
|[[DOSBox]]<br/>[[DOSBox#Forks|and forks]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD}}
|[https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/releases] (DOSBox-X)<br/>[https://dosbox-staging.github.io] (DOSBox Staging)<br/>[https://github.com/schellingb/dosbox-pure/releases] (DOSBox Pure)<br/>[https://github.com/realnc/dosbox-core git] (DOSBox-core)<br/><small>''[http://www.dosbox.com/download.php?main=1 0.74-3] (DOSBox) (obsolete)''</small><ref group="lower-alpha">We recommend using one of the DOSBox forks instead of DOSBox for advanced users or those seeking specific functionalities, more feature support and modern enhancements.</ref>
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||MS-DOS<br/>Windows 1.0~3.11 (Staging)<br/>Windows 1.0~ME (DOSBox forks) ||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{~}}<ref group="lower-alpha">[[DOSBox#Forks|DOSBox-X]], [[DOSBox#Forks|DOSBox Staging]], [[DOSBox#Forks|DOSBox Pure]] and [[DOSBox#Forks|DOSBox-core]] forks are still active.</ref> ||{{Ya}}
|-
|[[DREAMM]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS}}
|[https://aarongiles.com/dreamm]
|{{~}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name="EPx Copy">EPx filtering, Copy protection answer look-ups.</ref> ||{{~}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=Direct3D>Direct3D emulation, DOS/Win32 implementation.</ref> ||||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{Ya}} ||{{~}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name="Compatibility-limited">Compatibility is limited to select games.</ref>
|-
|[https://github.com/dbalsom/martypc MartyPC]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|W7|Web}}<br/>{{Icon|Linux|macOS}}<ref group="lower-alpha">It should build on Linux and MacOS (Including M1) but no release builds for these platforms at the moment.</ref>
|[https://github.com/dbalsom/martypc/releases]
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||MS-DOS<br/>Windows 1.0~3.0 ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{Ya}} ||{{~}}
|-
|UniPCemu
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}
|[https://superfury.itch.io/unipcemu/devlog 2023/04/11]<br>[https://bitbucket.org/superfury/unipcemu git]
|{{Dunno}} ||{{~}} ||||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{Ya}} ||{{~}}
|-
|[[VARCem]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}
|[https://www.varcem.com/?page=dl Builds]<br>[https://github.com/VARCem/VARCem {{VARCemVer}}]
|{{Dunno}} ||{{~}}<ref group="lower-alpha">8086, 80286, i386, i486, Pentium.</ref> ||||{{Green}} {{License|BSD3}}<br>{{License|GPLv2}} ||{{Na}} ||{{~}}
|-
|[[MAME]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD}}
|git artifacts<ref group="lower-alpha">[https://nightly.link/mamedev/mame/workflows/ci-windows/master CI-Windows] [https://nightly.link/mamedev/mame/workflows/ci-linux/master CI-Linux] [https://nightly.link/mamedev/mame/workflows/ci-macos/master CI-Macos]</ref></br>[http://www.mamedev.org/release.html]<br/>[https://buildbot.libretro.com/nightly/ libretro core]
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}}<br>{{License|BSD3}} ||{{Ya}} ||{{~}}
|-
|[https://www.pcjs.org/ PCjs]
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}
|[https://github.com/jeffpar/pcjs git]
|{{Na}} ||{{~}}<ref group="lower-alpha">8086, 80286, i386.</ref> ||||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{Ya}} ||{{Na}}
|-
|[[QEMU]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS}}
|[https://www.qemu.org/download/]
|{{Na}} ||{{Na}} ||||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{Ya}} ||{{Na}}
|-
|[[Bochs]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|FreeBSD|BeOS|OS2|AmigaOS|MorphOS}}
|[https://sourceforge.net/projects/bochs/files/bochs]
|{{Na}} ||{{Na}} ||||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv21}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{Ya}} ||{{Na}}
|-
!colspan="9"|ARM
|-
|[[DOSBox#Forks|DOSBox Pure]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Android|iOS}}
|[https://buildbot.libretro.com/nightly/ libretro core]
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||MS-DOS<br/>Windows 1.0~ME ||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{Ya}} ||{{Ya}}
|-
|[[DREAMM]]
|align=left|{{Icon2|WoA}}
|[https://aarongiles.com/dreamm]
|{{~}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name="EPx Copy"/> ||{{~}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=Direct3D /> ||||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{Ya}} ||{{~}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name="Compatibility-limited" />
|-
|UniPCemu
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
|[https://superfury.itch.io/unipcemu/devlog 2023/04/11]
|{{Dunno}} ||{{~}} ||||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{Ya}} ||{{~}}
|-
|Magic DOSBox
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=bruenor.magicbox 1.0.84]
|{{Dunno}} ||{{~}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name="80286, 386">80286, i386</ref> ||||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{Ya}} ||{{Na}}
|-
|[[QEMU|Limbo]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Android|WinMobile}}
|[https://virtualmachinery.weebly.com/limbo-downloads.html 6.0.1] <br>[https://forum.xda-developers.com/attachments/qemu-7z.475570 WinMobile build]
|{{Na}} ||{{Na}} ||||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{~}} ||{{Na}}
|-
|DOSBoxPPC
|align=left|{{Icon|WinMobile}}
|[http://www.freewarepocketpc.net/ppc-download-dosboxppc-v0-63.html 0.63]
|{{Dunno}} ||{{~}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name="80286, 386"/> ||||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{Na}} ||{{Na}}
|-
|[[Bochs]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.sourceforge.bochs&hl=en_US&gl=US 2.6.11] <br>[https://github.com/lubomyr/bochs git]
|{{Na}} ||{{Na}} ||||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv21}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{Na}} ||{{Na}}
|-
!colspan="9"|Consoles
|-
|[[DOSBox#Forks|DOSBox Pure]]
|align=left|{{Icon|XboxOne|SXS}}
|[https://buildbot.libretro.com/stable/ UWP libretro core]
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||MS-DOS<br/>Windows 1.0~ME ||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{Ya}} ||{{Ya}}
|-
|UniPCemu
|align=left|{{Icon|PSP|Switch|Vita}}
|[https://superfury.itch.io/unipcemu/devlog 2023/04/11]
|{{Dunno}} ||{{~}} ||||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{Ya}} ||{{~}}
|-
|[[Bochs]]
|align=left|{{Icon|PS2}}
|[http://www.ps2dev.karashome.pl 2.3.5]
|{{Na}} ||{{Na}} ||||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv21}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{Na}} ||{{Na}}
|}
<references group="lower-alpha" />
 
=== Descriptions ===
{|class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|[[PCem]]/[[86Box]]/[[PCBox]]/[https://www.varcem.com/ VARCem]:
These emulators provides an excellent compatibility and [[#Hardware features and peripherals|hardware and peripheral support]] for DOS-based operating systems such as Windows 3.x, [[Windows 95/98/ME emulators|Windows ME/98/95]] (and even NT-based [[Windows NT 5.x emulators|XP]], [[Windows NT 6.x emulators|Vista or Windows 7]] supported but not recommended) that is beyond what "DOSBox forks" can offer but unlike "DOSBox forks" these emulators usually requires modest to top-notch [https://www.cpubenchmark.net/singleThread.html single thread performance of CPUs]. As of June 14, 2021, PCem's original developer, Sarah Walker, has stopped working on the project. It has now been taken over on December 18, 2021, by a new maintainer, Michael Manley. 86Box ([https://github.com/OBattler/PCem-X?tab=readme-ov-file#pcem-x- formerly known as PCem-X]) is a fork of PCem which is [https://github.com/86Box/86Box/issues/3577 developed more actively], while PCBox and VARCem are forks of 86Box.
:: One aspect commonly used to compare PCem and 86Box is the emulation performance. PCem v15 introduced a rewritten dynamic recompiler, which was primarily aimed at improving emulation performance in games; however, it also caused minor to severe performance regressions in other applications. 86Box uses the previous recompiler from PCem versions before v15, with optimizations performed by devs, as they have determined that the new one causes too many regressions to be adopted as a sensible default. There is a way for you to try out the new recompiler on 86Box, though. PCem’s emulation of some core system components, such as the Programmable Interval Timer (PIT), takes a few shortcuts to improve performance. These shortcuts are perfectly fine for games, which is what PCem targets; although, they have caused issues with the software preservation side of things. In addition to taking fewer shortcuts, 86Box also tries to follow the specifications of these components, rather than implement the minimum viable feature set, which is - once again - good enough for games, but not good enough for some other applications. Generally speaking, the more accurate a component’s emulation is made, the more host CPU horsepower it will require. In addition to taking fewer shortcuts, 86Box also tries to follow the specifications of these components, rather than implement the minimum viable feature set, which is - once again - good enough for games, but not good enough for some other applications. [https://86box.net/2022/01/07/pcem-migration-guide.html See this guide for more information].
|-
|[https://dosbox-x.com/ DOSBox-X]/[https://docs.libretro.com/library/dosbox_pure/ DOSBox Pure]/[https://github.com/realnc/dosbox-core DOSBox-core]/[https://dosbox-staging.github.io/ DOSBox Staging]:
:[[DOSBox]] is another option for emulating many older computer games specially for pretty good performance with low-end computers but compatibility, accuracy and [[#Hardware features and peripherals|hardware support]] aren't as good as [[PCem]] or [[86Box]]. [[DOSBox]] is no longer updated but it has many "DOSBox forks" over the years. Windows 95/98/ME can be installed in "DOSBox forks" and also supports 3DFX Voodoo emulation. Even more forks are listed in the [https://github.com/dosbox-staging/dosbox-staging/wiki/DOSBox-forks "DOSBox forks" page of DOSBox Staging's GitHub wiki] or [[DOSBox#Forks|here]].
::'''[https://dosbox-x.com/ DOSBox-X]''' is vastly different from other "DOSBox forks" in that it aims to be a complete emulation package that covers all pre-2000 DOS and Windows 9x based hardware scenarios. It features more flexibility by way of config options and an accompanying frontend to customize the DOS VM further, and beyond games it also supports standard software for DOS, as well as DOS-based Windows including Windows 3.x and 9x/ME with 3D acceleration via 3dfx emulation. The project also has its own [https://dosbox-x.com/wiki wiki] which contains extensive documentation on DOSBox-X, and a summary of notable added features can be seen [https://dosbox-x.com/wiki/DOSBox%E2%80%90X%E2%80%99s-Feature-Highlights here]. While DOSBox-X currently supports emulation of [[#Intel CPUs|IBM PC/XT/AT]], Toshiba AX/J3100, IBM PCjr/Tandy, and [[NEC PC-9800 series|NEC PC-9800 series]] architecture, the maintainer, Jonathan Campbell, does not plan to add any other MS-DOS system. This limitation is mainly done to prevent bloating of the codebase, keeping it at a manageable level for himself while also staying organized. However, the codebase does contain stubbed source files for [[FM Towns emulators|FM Towns]] emulation in the event that other programmers want to add that functionality.<br/>
::'''[https://docs.libretro.com/library/dosbox_pure/ DOSBox Pure]''' is a new DOSBox fork specifically built for RetroArch/Libretro. According to its project description it aims for simplicity and ease of use just like DOSBox Staging. On top of that it has an advantage over other "DOSBox forks" because of libretro features ({{YouTubeVideo|W8zCEf9prmQ|EmuVR support}}, [[Shader presets#RetroArch.2FLibretro|Shader presets/Overlays]] and configs etc). Some of the other advantages are save-states, wider platform support (including Switch and Vita) and input auto-configuration fetched from the game database. It's good for users who want to experience their DOS games without too much hassle with settings, in a simple way akin to how console emulators deal with ROMs.
:::[{{YouTubeVideo|fA5SaT9uDa4|0.9.5 version}} brings 3dfx emulation support.
:::[https://old.reddit.com/r/emulation/comments/18ctij3/dosbox_pure_098_released/ 0.9.8 version] brings further improvements to the ATAPI CD-ROM emulation for Windows 9x games with CD copy protection, add support for uncompressed CHD version 5 CD images and [https://www.libretro.com/index.php/retroarch-1-17-new-netplay-features/ add netplay] for multiplayer games that used IPX, Ethernet or a modem over the internet.
::'''[https://github.com/realnc/dosbox-core DOSBox-core]''' is an alternative core for RetroArch/Libretro, which focuses on being as close in use as upstream DOSBox. Its advantages include using .conf files to run games, ability to use external MIDI synths (like the Roland Sound Canvas VA, the Yamaha S-YXG50, or whatever else) so that you can get much higher quality MIDI music in dosbox-core, and has more configuration options befitting more advanced users. Its disadvantages are slightly worse input lag (like half a frame), lack of save-states and runs on less platforms (Windows, Linux, macOS and Android; consoles like Vita and Switch are unavailable)
::'''[https://dosbox-staging.github.io/ DOSBox Staging]''' is a DOSBox fork that focuses on ease of use, modern technology and best practices. [https://github.com/dosbox-staging/dosbox-staging/issues/339 3dfx emulation is supported] with the latest releases.
|-
|[[DREAMM]] is a new emulator that targets specific games rather than the PC platform in general. Notable features include reconstructing missing EXE and index files from digital releases, automated installation from disk images, GUI-based configuration of video and sound hardware, and when running games that originally had manual or codewheel based copy protection DREAMM provides the correct answers for the user. Games run in the emulator's built in implementations of DOS, Win32 and FM Towns OS.
|-
|[https://superfury.itch.io/unipcemu UniPCemu]
:The UniPCemu (Universal PC emulator) emulator, originally made to play games on the PSP, now built for Android, Windows, PSP, Nintendo Switch and PS Vita! Play your old classic PC games on Android! It's a cycle-accurate x86 emulator (previously called x86EMU before the rename, This isn't based on the other cpu-emulator called x86emu (lower case)). It's a 8086(IBM PC) up to Pentium II (Compaq Deskpro 386, Compaq Deskpro 386 with PS/2 mouse (adds PS/2 mouse to the Compaq Deskpro 386 chipset, optional BIOS ROM replacement (loading it instead, alternatively a i430fx Pentium or i440fx/i450gx Pentium Pro/Pentium II chipset with PS/2 mouse. A 85c496/7 chipset is also supported.) and seperate CMOS settings like the other architectures) emulator(with various, configurable hardware), with up to 80386 timings (80486SX and Pentium using 80386 timings or 1 cycle for newer/unknown timings/instructions, both having no floating point unit)).
  In basic CPU's, all generations in between are supported (8086/8088, 80186/80188, 80286, 80386sx/dx, 80486, Pentium, Pentium Pro and Pentium II. All without FPU emulated, other than software FPU emulation support using drivers).
  It can run many IBM PC XT games, and also various 286(*) up to Pentium II games. Support for ATAPI CD-ROM (using VIDE-CDD.SYS, OAKCDROM.SYS or compatible ATAPI drivers) also works. Many graphics cards and sound cards can be used (MIDI using a Soundfont renderer inside UniPCemu (recordable by UniPCemu's sound recording functionality) or passthrough(passthrough on Windows only, which is not recordable by the emulator's own recording functionality)), from PC speaker up to Sound Blaster 2.0 and from IBM Monochrome Display Adapter up to ET4000/W32 SVGA(up to 16M colors (in True Color mode) using it's SC15025 DAC)!
  EMS is available using the Lo-tech 2MB EMS board on the XT and various EMM emulation software(e.g. JEMM386, EMM386) on IBM AT and up. For more information about UniPCemu [https://superfury.itch.io/unipcemu use this link].
|-
|[https://github.com/dbalsom/martypc MartyPC]:
It's an open source emulator written in rust that aims to be cycle accurate for IBM PCs. Compared to other (also great) PC emulators like PCem/86box/DOSbox forks etc, MartyPC focuses on ultra accurate CGA and DMA emulation. It requires pixel perfect and cycle accurate CGA emulation as well as emulation of CRT properties like overscan.<ref>[https://int10h.org/blog/2023/07/martypc-pc-xt-emulator-raising-the-bar Raising the Bar for IBM PC/XT Emulation: MartyPC]</ref> Developer "[https://old.reddit.com/user/Glorious_Cow Glorious_Cow]" said;
  Of course my next target is the 286, I think it would be interesting to try to make a cycle-accurate 286. The biggest challenge is the microcode for 286 hasn't been decoded yet, but there is a high resolution 286 die shot I'd love to get my hands on... My hope is that the 286 is a more 'regular' chip than the 8088. The 8088 turned out to have a lot of odd, poorly documented behavior. I guess we'll find out.
  386 is sort of a long-term goal. I'll get there when I get there, but it might take another year for 286 I estimate before I tackle it. Now that I've accomplished Area 5150 I don't really have a "goal target" in mind other than running DOOM :) My 386 will not be slavishly cycle-accurate, after all, there were many variations of the 386 and clones, so which one would be accurate to? Besides the fact it's hard to write a cycle-accurate CPU at 40MHz...
  At that point I think MartyPC will be done chasing the hardware, I have no interest in following the CPU generations up into the Pentiums - that's probably best left to 86box - and I think I will probably turn my eye just to seeing what kind of interesting debugging features I can add. Save states and rewinding, an inline assembler or scripting language would be cool.
  With most end-users probably best served by using 86box, I figure my best niche going forward is being a 'retro-developer's' emulator of choice, so I am motivated to add any debug features people might request.<ref>[https://old.reddit.com/r/emulation/comments/14sb24i/raising_the_bar_for_ibm_pcxt_emulation_martypc/jr10nya/ Glorious_Cow's comment about MartyPC emulator].</ref>
|-
|[[MAME]]:
The emulation of various CPU types seen here regarding MAME are all over the place in the changelogs and seem confusing. However, MAME has preliminary support for the families of 286, 386/i386, 486/i486, and almost the entire range of Pentium CPUs. However, only the 286/386/486 emulation is acceptable at the moment. According to [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/sysset.php ProjectMESS], many [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=ibm5170 IBM PC/AT 5170] family PCs running the 286 CPU have preliminary support. MAME [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MAME_0.146u3 0.146u3] (Jul 2012) added CPU types for Pentium MMX, Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III, and Pentium 4, but don't expect miracles.
::- [[MAME compatibility list#IBM|MAME compat list]] showing the sector for several IBM-type PC systems - most of which may work fine.
::- [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php?title=Special:Search&limit=500&offset=0&profile=default&search=pentium wiki.mamedev.org's search results for Pentium] (e.g. 0.100u4, 0.103u4, 0.146u3, 0.148, 0.152, 0.156)
::- [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MNW wiki.mamedev.org's list] for MACHINE_NOT_WORKING (Few systems based on a Pentium CPU)
::- [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MIS wiki.mamedev.org's list] for MACHINE_IS_SKELETON drivers (Several PCs/systems based on a Pentium CPU)
|-
|[[Bochs]]:
A full x86 PC emulator with a focus on development and test operating systems and other low-level software. Its lack of proper timing emulation makes it not useful, and it is often too slow for newer systems to be playable. It is thus not recommended to use Bochs. [https://sourceforge.net/p/bochs/discussion/39592/thread/17049d4e/#6bdd Bochs is not timing but functional emulator, it's emulates time in very trivial way] - one guest instruction emulated equal to one guest cycle. By tuning "IPS" setting you not anything in the way it emulates time - in opposite, you only giving a hint about emulation speed to Bochs which helps it to emulate devices like mouse or keyboard.
|-
|[[QEMU]]
Similar to Bochs, QEMU may not be the perfect x86 emulator, but its versatility, [[Hypervisors|hypervisor]] capabilities, and vast platform support make it a powerful tool for anyone interested in exploring the world of [[Hypervisors|virtualization]]. Its commitment to open-source development and its vibrant community ensure its continued evolution and relevance in the ever-changing world of computing. While QEMU is versatile and great for [[Hypervisors|virtualization/VMs]], if your focus is precise, reasonable and compatible x86 emulation, '''use alternatives like 86Box, PCem or even DOSBox forks'''.
|}
 
==Enhancements==
''Side note: Please don't bump/spam GitHub threads/issues and feature request pages.''
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;width:100%"
! colspan=2 style="width:50%" |Name
! 86Box
! PCem
!DOSBox
!DOSBox Forks
!DREAMM
! MartyPC
! UniPCemu
!VARCem
! MAME
|-
|rowspan="4" |Controls
|Disguise peripheral support through passthrough<br /><small>Tricking the software into think that the original controller was connected even those identify themselves with different device IDs. When a game tries to identify a connected 'nearly the same internally' controller, emulator will tell it that the equivalent original controller is connected instead, allowing it to work.</small>||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Input lag|Input lag-mitigating technique]]||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Real peripheral support (passthrough)<br /><small>Ability to passthrough USB HID devices or Bluetooth adapter for emulated system.</small>||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[https://docs.retroachievements.org/general/tutorials/turbo-button.html Turbo button]||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|rowspan="2" |Performance
|[[Overclocking|Overclock]], [[Wikipedia:Turbo button|turbo button]], and underclock<br/><small>Changing DRAM timings or CPU core frequency and CPU ring ratio using emulated BIOS just like using the real hardware or from GUI.</small>
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Preload [[Wikipedia:Template:Disk images|optical disc image]] to RAM<br /><small>For users with sluggish multi-platter HDDs or plagued by horrible seek times, this enhancement '''might''' offer smoother experience, potentially reduced power consumption; it also shines when disc images reside on a network drive. Although keep in mind that preloading image would take some time, and it will require additional amount of RAM capacity.</small>
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|rowspan="6" |Post-processing
|[[Shaders and filters#AI-powered filters|AI-powered filter compatible]]<br/><small>([https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/news/gfecnt/nvidia-freestyle-ansel-enhancements-geforce-experience-article/ Freestyle])</small>
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Shaders and filters|Filters]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{~}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}[https://github.com/dbalsom/martypc?tab=readme-ov-file#shader-support *]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|-
|[[High dynamic range#Inverse tone mapping|Inverse tone mapping compatible]]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Category:Anti-aliasing algorithms|Post-rendering anti-aliasing]]<br /><small>(FXAA, TXAA and MLAA/SMAA)</small>
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{~}}
|{{~}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Comparison gallery of image scaling algorithms|Post-rendering scaling]]<br /><small>(Sharp bilinear, Lanczos and [[Wikipedia:GPUOpen#FidelityFX_Super_Resolution|FSR 1]])</small>
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{~}}
|{{~}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Shader_Presets|Shader chain]]
|{{Ya}}[https://86box.net/2025/08/24/86box-v5-0.html#other-highlights]
|{{Na}}
|{{~}}
|{{~}}||{{Dunno}}
|[https://github.com/dbalsom/martypc?tab=readme-ov-file#shader-support roadmap]
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|-
|rowspan="10" |Quality of life
|Automatic updater
|{{~}}<ref group="lower-alpha">Included in the Avalonia 86 manager.</ref>
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Frontends#Graphical_User_Interfaces_.28GUIs.29|Big Picture Mode]]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{~}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|-
|Built-in [http://forum.arcadecontrols.com/index.php/topic,106405 custom resolution/CRTSwitchRes]<br /><small>For using this on Windows OS you need [http://geedorah.com/eiusdemmodi/forum/viewtopic.php?pid=1009#p1009 CRT Emudriver].<br />Another option is using EDID editor tool such as "Custom Resolution Utility".</small>
|colspan="9" |Exclusive to [https://docs.libretro.com/guides/crtswitchres/ libretro cores] and [[GroovyMAME]] at the moment.
|-
|[[Ripping games|Capable image format support]]
|{{Ya}}[https://86box.readthedocs.io/en/latest/hardware/diskimages.html]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{~}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Command line options
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|-
|File sharing<br /><small>Similar to "Shared Folder" enhancement for [[Hypervisors#Type_2_hypervisors|Type-2 hypervisors]].</small>
|{{Ya}}[https://86box.net/2022/11/26/86box-v3-11.html#folders-as-cds *]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|On-screen display<br /><small>Showcases messages, controller input state which is useful for speedrunners, performance data, active settings, and various notifications.</small>
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{~}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Pause/resume emulation
|{{Ya}}[https://86box.readthedocs.io/en/latest/usage/toolbar.html *]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{~}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[https://www.portablefreeware.com/faq.php#portable Portable] and [https://www.portablefreeware.com/faq.php#stealth Stealth]<br /><small>Useful enhancement feature for non-personal computer use or plug-and-play scenarios. However, it still requires necessary [[Computer_specifications#Recommended_Specifications|prerequisites and dependencies]] for your operating system.</small>
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Save_disk_space_for_ISOs|Streamable compression format]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|-
|rowspan="5" |[https://tasvideos.org/Emulatorresources/Features TAS features]
|Fast-forward/turbo speed
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Macro_(computer_science)|Macros/Scripts]]/[https://tasvideos.org/LuaScripting Lua]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[https://tasvideos.org/Movies Movie recording/playback]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Rewind
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Save states
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|rowspan="4" |Misc.
|AI service<br /><small>With the help of <abbr title="optical character recognition">OCR</abbr> and other techniques, the AI service can provide a live translation of a game, or text-to-speech capabilities for the visually impaired among other things, either on demand or automatically.</small>
|Exclusive to [https://docs.libretro.com/guides/ai-service/ libretro cores] at the moment.
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Category:Debugging|Debug features]]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}[https://github.com/dbalsom/martypc?tab=readme-ov-file#debugging-support *]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Virtual_reality#VR_game_room_simulations|EmuVR support]]
|Exclusive to [https://www.emuvr.net/wiki/Installation_Guide#Downloads libretro cores] at the moment, this means that only DOSBox Pure supported.<br />({{YouTubeVideoTime|snBg45ES-II|232|Demonstration}})
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[RetroAchievements]]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}[https://github.com/schellingb/dosbox-pure/issues/362 *]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|}
<references group="lower-alpha"/>
 
==Operating systems==
{{for|virtualization of these legacy operating systems|Windows NT 5.x emulators#Hypervisors}}
{{for|extensive list of OS support solely for 86Box emulator|86Box#OS_support}}
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;width:100%"
! style="width:50%" |Name
! 86Box
! PCem
!DOSBox
!DOSBox Forks
!DREAMM
! MartyPC
! UniPCemu
!VARCem
! MAME
|-
! colspan="10" |OS/2
|-
|OS/2 1.0
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|OS/2 v1.1 / v1.2 / v1.3
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|OS/2 v2.0 / v2.1
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|OS/2 Warp 3
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|OS/2 Warp 4
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|eComStation
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|ArcaOS
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="10" |DOS-based
|-
|[[DOS-based,_Windows_1.0x/2x/3x_series|MS-DOS]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|-
|[[DOS-based,_Windows_1.0x/2x/3x_series|Windows 1.0x]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|-
|[[DOS-based,_Windows_1.0x/2x/3x_series|Windows 2.0 / 2.1]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|-
|[[DOS-based,_Windows_1.0x/2x/3x_series|Windows 3.0]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|-
|[[DOS-based,_Windows_1.0x/2x/3x_series|Windows 3.1]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|-
|[[Windows_95/98/ME_emulators|Windows 9x series]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|-
! colspan="10" |Windows NT
|-
|[[Windows_NT_3.X_and_4.0_emulators|Windows NT 3.1]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}||{{Na}}
|{{~}}[https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/blob/master/NOTES/Microsoft%20Windows%20NT%203.1 *]||{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Windows_NT_3.X_and_4.0_emulators|Windows NT 3.5]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Windows_NT_3.X_and_4.0_emulators|Windows NT 3.51]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}[https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/blob/master/NOTES/Microsoft%20Windows%20NT%203.51 *]||{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Windows_NT_3.X_and_4.0_emulators|Windows NT 4.0]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}[https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/blob/master/NOTES/Microsoft%20Windows%20NT%204.0 *]||{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Windows NT 5.x emulators|Windows NT 5.x]]
|{{~}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name="86BoxandPCemNT">86Box, PCem and PCBox supports these OS'es but even these actively maintained advanced emulators have limited [[#x86 CPU's]], [[PC emulator comparisons#Graphics Cards .26 GPU.27s|Graphic Cards]] and [[#Mainboards]] support especially for more demanding NT-based operating systems, performance will be unbearable anyway. Recommended to use "recommended available solutions" for these OS'es mentioned in [[Windows NT 5.x emulators|Windows XP]] page.</ref>
|{{~}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name="86BoxandPCemNT"></ref>
|{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=DOSBoxandForksNT></ref>||{{~}}<ref name="DOSBoxandForksNT" group="lower-alpha">[https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/issues/3538 NT-Based OSes unsupported on most of the DOSBox forks at the moment]. But it is possible to implement specific techniques to [[POS (Pong Consoles) CPUs and Other Chips#x86 CPUs|these emulators]] for achieving and improving Windows NT-based operating system emulation experience. See DOSBox-X: [https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/issues/1089 KVM and Hyper-V] issue page, also [https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/issues/5040 DOSBox-X: 3D Graphics cards feature request] page. There are other related things such as: adding softgpu driver compatibility for Windows XP guest.[https://github.com/JHRobotics/softgpu/issues/22][https://github.com/JHRobotics/softgpu/issues/12] So in summary, lots of work already done for this which is promising for the future of Windows XP emulation.[https://github.com/JHRobotics/softgpu/issues/12#issuecomment-2008143305]</ref>||{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|[[Windows_NT_6.x_emulators|Windows NT 6.x]]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|-
! colspan="10" |Linux
|-
|[[wikipedia:Debian|Debian]]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[wikipedia:Fedora Linux|Fedora]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="10" |Other x86 operating systems
|-
|[[wikipedia:Coherent (operating system)|Coherent]]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[wikipedia:CP/M-86|CP/M-86]]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[wikipedia:Grid Compass|GRiD-OS]]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[wikipedia:Inferno (operating system)|Inferno]]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[wikipedia:Mac OS X|Mac OS X (Intel)]]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|[[wikipedia:NetWare|NetWare]]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[wikipedia:GEOS (16-bit operating system)|PC/GEOS]]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[wikipedia:Oracle Solaris|Solaris]]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[wikipedia:Xenix|Xenix]]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[wikipedia:Zenith ZP-150|Zenith System Manager]]
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|}
<references group="lower-alpha"/>
 
==Hardware and peripheral support==
{{for|software that can run hardware features designed for PC-9800 system|NEC PC-9800 series#Hardware features and peripherals}}
{{for|extensive list of hardware support solely for 86Box emulator|86Box#Hardware support}}
{{for|extensive list of hardware support solely for PCem emulator|PCem#Hardware support}}
''Side note: Please don't bump/spam GitHub threads/issues and feature request pages. '''This list only includes parts and accessories that can be possible to emulated through software or will be possible in the near future.''' Including everything would result in an endless list.''
 
===x86 CPU's===
*''CMOV(Conditional Move): Critical for software post-1995 (e.g., Windows NT 4.0, games using optimized compilers). Emulators like 86Box and PCem support CMOV for Pentium Pro and later CPUs (e.g., Pentium II), but DOSBox forks (Pure, X, Staging) often lack full CMOV support, as they prioritize performance over accuracy (see our table’s footnote on DOSBoxForksCPU). This can cause compatibility issues with CMOV-dependent software.
*''CX8(CMPXCHG8B): Essential for multitasking OSes like Windows 95/NT and multithreaded applications. Supported by most emulators for 486 and later CPUs (e.g., 86Box, PCem, UniPCemu, MAME), but DOSBox forks may simplify its implementation, risking compatibility with niche software.
*''MMX and 3DNow!: Key for 1990s multimedia and games. DOSBox Pure lacks MMX support, limiting compatibility, while DOSBox-X and Staging offer partial support. 86Box and PCem handle MMX and 3DNow! well.
*''SSE, SSE2, SSE3: Relevant for late 1990s to mid 2000s software (e.g., [[Wrappers|DirectX 7/8/9.0c]] games). [https://pcbox-emu.xyz/ PCBox has experimental SSE2, SSE3 and SSSE3 emulation support], but others don’t, as shown in the table (CPU emulation support). SSE2/SSE3, unsupported by most emulators (if not all) due to their focus on earlier CPUs.
*''PAE: Supported by 86Box and PCem for Pentium Pro and Pentium II. DOSBox forks may not fully emulate PAE due to their simplified CPU emulation.
 
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;width:100%"
! style="width:50%" |Name
! 86Box
! PCem
!DOSBox
!DOSBox Forks
!DREAMM
! MartyPC
! UniPCemu
!VARCem
! MAME
|-
! colspan="10" |AMD
|-
|Am386
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|Am486
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Am5x86|Am5x86]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:AMD_K5|K5]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:AMD_K6|K6]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:AMD_K6-2|K6-II]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:AMD_K6-III|K6-III<br />K6-III+<br />K6-2+]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Athlon#Athlon_Classic_(1999)|Athlon Classic]]
|{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=PentiumIIIandAthlon>Pentium III emulation only available with [https://github.com/PCBox/PCBox/ PCBox fork], but do not expect miracles. Currently there is no processor available on the market that would be able to handle Pentium III or Athlon Classic emulation, considering that even the latest top-tier processors struggle with emulating fastest Pentium II/Celeron P6 processors. For more information about Pentium III emulation; [https://86box.net/2022/03/21/why-not-p3.html 86Box - Why Not Pentium III?]. Also see {{YouTubeVideo|IFYVqufR1So|PCBox 5 (11.08.2025 build) Benchmark on 9950X: Pentium III - SSE Test}}, {{YouTubeVideo|LGcplPoRqrs|Core i9-14900K CPU benchmark with Celeron 300A-500MHz emulation on 86Box}}, {{YouTubeVideo|sec5WMOjhCY|Overclocked Ryzen 9 9950X3D emulating Pentium II 450MHz & AMD K6-III 400MHz on 86Box}} and {{YouTubeVideo|3tQUykeqTZc|Stock Ryzen 9 9950X3D emulating Celeron 533MHz on 86Box}} videos.</ref>
|{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=PentiumIIIandAthlon></ref>
|{{Dunno}}
|{{~}}<ref name="DOSBoxForksCPU" group="lower-alpha"><br />Unlike emulators like 86Box or PCem which aim for accurate execution, DOSBox forks prioritize performance by [https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/wiki/Guide:CPU-settings-in-DOSBox%E2%80%90X/d4205d856c3da5787fc39f845452d184fbcb8ec4#is-dosbox-x-cycle-accurate emulating one instruction per emulated-cycle]. This approach [https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/wiki/Guide:CPU-settings-in-DOSBox%E2%80%90X#cycles simplifies internal CPU mechanics and ignores real clock frequency or FLOPs of the emulated system]. While this sacrifices accuracy, it leads to significantly faster emulation and still has broader software compatibility. However, some niche software may still encounter compatibility limitations. Also, if MMX instruction set is required by the game you need to use a supported DOSBox fork to play it such as [https://github.com/dosbox-staging/dosbox-staging/issues/461 DOSBox-staging] or [https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/pull/290 DOSBox-X], see [https://github.com/schellingb/dosbox-pure/issues/301 MMX Instruction Set Support feature request for DOSBox Pure]. Therefore, active DOSBox forks remain a powerful option for casual users and performance-intensive tasks, offering a balance between compatibility and speed. See [[#Descriptions]] section for more information.</ref>
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=MAMEchips>Only the 286/386/486 emulation is acceptable at the moment. See [[#Descriptions|Descriptions]] section. [https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/devices/cpu/i386/i386.cpp (i386.cpp)] and [https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/devices/cpu/i386/athlon.cpp (athlon.cpp)].</ref>
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Athlon#Athlon_XP_(2001–2003)|Athlon XP]]
|{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=PentiumIIIandAthlon></ref>
|{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=PentiumIIIandAthlon></ref>||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>||{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|-
! colspan="10" |Auctor
|-
|Maple
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="10" |Advantech
|-
|EVA-X4150
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|EVA-X4300
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="10" |Centaur Technology
|-
|Winchip C6
|{{Na}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|Winchip 2
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|Winchip 2A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|Winchip 2B
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|Winchip 3
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="10" |Chips and Technologies
|-
|Super386
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="10" |Cyrix
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Cyrix Cx486SLC|Cx486SLC]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Cyrix_Cx486SLC#Cx486SRx2|Cx486SRx2]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Cyrix Cx486DLC|Cx486DLC]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Cyrix_Cx486DLC#Cx486DRx2|Cx486DRx2]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Cyrix Cx486|Cx486]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Cyrix_5x86|5x86]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:MediaGX|MediaGX]]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Cyrix_6x86|6x86]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Cyrix_III|Cyrix III]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|-
! colspan="10" |DM&P Electronics
|-
|M6117D
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|Vortex86
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="10" |Intel
|-
|[[Wikipedia:8086|8086]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{~}}<ref name="DOSBoxForksCPU" group="lower-alpha" />
|{{Dunno}}||{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Ya}}<ref>https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/devices/cpu/i86/i86.cpp</ref>
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Intel_80286|80286]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{~}}<ref name="DOSBoxForksCPU" group="lower-alpha" />
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=MartyPCCPU>Future goal, for more information see [[#Descriptions|Descriptions]] section.</ref>
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Ya}}<ref>https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/devices/cpu/i86/i286.cpp</ref>
|-
|[[Wikipedia:I386|386]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{~}}<ref name="DOSBoxForksCPU" group="lower-alpha" />
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=MartyPCCPU></ref>
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Ya}}<ref>https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/devices/cpu/i386/i386.cpp</ref>
|-
|[[Wikipedia:i486|486]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{~}}<ref name="DOSBoxForksCPU" group="lower-alpha" />
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=MartyPCCPU></ref>
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Ya}}<ref>https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/devices/cpu/i386/i386.cpp</ref>
|-
|[[Wikipedia:RapidCAD|RapidCAD]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{~}}<ref name="DOSBoxForksCPU" group="lower-alpha" />
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=MartyPCCPU></ref>
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Ya}}<ref>https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/devices/cpu/i386/i386.cpp</ref>
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Pentium_(original)|Pentium<br />Pentium MMX]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{~}}<ref name="DOSBoxForksCPU" group="lower-alpha" /><br /><small>(no MMX)</small>
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=MAMEchips></ref>
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Pentium_Pro|Pentium Pro]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}<ref>https://github.com/schellingb/dosbox-pure/issues/300</ref>||{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=MAMEchips></ref>
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Pentium_II|Pentium II]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{~}}<ref name="DOSBoxForksCPU" group="lower-alpha" />
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=MAMEchips></ref>
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Celeron#P6-based_Celerons|Celeron (P6)]]
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Pentium_III|Pentium III]]
|{{~}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name="PentiumIIIandAthlon"></ref>
|{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=PentiumIIIandAthlon></ref>
|{{Dunno}}
|{{~}}<ref name="DOSBoxForksCPU" group="lower-alpha" />
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=MAMEchips></ref>
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Pentium_4|Pentium 4]]
|{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=PentiumIIIandAthlon></ref>
|{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=PentiumIIIandAthlon></ref>
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>||{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Na}}<ref group="lower-alpha" name=MAMEchips></ref>
|-
! colspan="10" |Kombinat Mikroelektronik Erfurt
|-
|[[Wikipedia:U80601|U80601]]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="10" |NEC
|-
|V20
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|V30
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|V40
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|V50
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="10" |NexGen
|-
|[https://cpumuseum.jimdofree.com/museum/nexgen/nx586/ Nx586]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="10" |Rise Technology
|-
|[[Wikipedia:mP6|mP6]]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="10" |Transmeta
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Transmeta Crusoe|Crusoe]]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Transmeta Efficeon|Efficeon]]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="10" |UMC
|-
|[[Wikipedia:UMC Green CPU|Green CPU]]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="10" |Unknown
|-
|[[Wikipedia:K1810VM86|K1810VM86]]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="10" |VIA Technologies
|-
|[[Wikipedia:VIA C3|VIA C3]]
|{{~}}<ref group="lower-alpha">PCBox only.</ref>
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:VIA C7|VIA C7]]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:VIA CoreFusion|VIA CoreFusion]]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|[[Wikipedia:VIA Eden|VIA Eden]]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="10" |ZF Micro
|-
|ZFx86
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|}
<references group="lower-alpha"/>
 
===Graphics Cards & GPU's===
''This table includes graphics cards and GPUs, as well as graphics chips used by third-party manufacturers who produced cards based on these chips.'' '''[https://www.vgamuseum.info wip], any volunteer?'''
 
====3D-accelerated====
''OpenGL 1.3 to 2.0, [[Wrappers|DirectX 7]] and [[Wrappers|DirectX 8.1]] [[wikipedia:Transform,_clipping,_and_lighting|T&L]] capable hardware will not be included (even though it is significant for late [[Windows_95/98/ME_emulators|Windows 9x era]]) until significant advancements in development. Furthermore, [[Wrappers|DirectX 9.0a]], [[Wrappers|9.0b]], [[Wrappers|9.0c]] and [[wikipedia:High-Level_Shader_Language#Shader_model_comparison|shader model]] 3.0 hardware are critical for the [[Windows NT 5.x emulators|Windows XP]] era, with [[Wrappers|DirectX 10.0]], [[Wrappers|10.1]] and [[wikipedia:High-Level_Shader_Language#Shader_model_comparison|shader model]] 4.1 vital for [[Windows_NT_6.x_emulators|Vista]]. However, given the current challenges with [[#x86_CPU.27s|SSE, SSE2 and SSE3 CPU hardware]] emulation and the seemingly unattainable goal of [[Wrappers|DirectX 7]] GPU emulation via [[High/Low_level_emulation|LLE method]], progress remains limited. Future developments, as discussed in the [[#Emulation issues]] and [[#References]] sections, may provide alternative methods to make this possible.''
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;width:100%"
! style="width:50%" |Name
! Released
! [[Wrappers|<abbr title="hardware level, shouldn't be confused with software or limited support">Glide</abbr>]]
! [[Wrappers|<abbr title="hardware level, shouldn't be confused with software or limited support">DirectX</abbr>]]
! [[Wrappers|<abbr title="hardware level, shouldn't be confused with software or limited support">OpenGL</abbr>]]
! [[Wrappers|<abbr title="hardware level, shouldn't be confused with software or limited support">Other APIs</abbr>]]<br/>(proprietary)
! [[Home media players|<abbr title="hardware level, shouldn't be confused with software or limited support">MPEG-2</abbr>]]
! <abbr title="introductory price">INPR</abbr>
! 86Box
! PCem
!DOSBox
!DOSBox Forks
!DREAMM
! MartyPC
! UniPCemu
!VARCem
! MAME
|-
! colspan="17" |3Dfx
|-
|Voodoo Graphics
|1996
|{{✓}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|299|1996}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}<ref>https://github.com/dosbox-staging/dosbox-staging/issues/339</ref>
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/devices/video/voodoo.cpp]||{{Na}}
|-
|Voodoo Rush (Alliance)
|1997
|{{✓}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|299|1997}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Voodoo 2
|1998
|{{✓}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|300|1998}}
|{{~}}<ref name="Voodoo2toBansheeAccuracyandIssues">https://github.com/kjliew/qemu-3dfx/issues/20#issuecomment-2945919854</ref>
|{{~}}<ref name="Voodoo2toBansheeAccuracyandIssues"></ref>
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}<ref>https://github.com/dosbox-staging/dosbox-staging/issues/3115</ref>
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/devices/video/voodoo_2.cpp]||{{Na}}
|-
|Voodoo Banshee
|1998
|{{✓}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{~}}
|
|{{~}}<ref name="Voodoo2toBansheeAccuracyandIssues"></ref>
|{{~}}<ref name="Voodoo2toBansheeAccuracyandIssues"></ref>
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/devices/video/voodoo_banshee.cpp]||{{Na}}
|-
|Voodoo 3
|1999
|{{✓}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{~}}
|{{Inflation|USD|130|1999}}
|{{~}}<ref name="Voodoo2toBansheeAccuracyandIssues"></ref>
|{{~}}<ref name="Voodoo2toBansheeAccuracyandIssues"></ref>
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|-
|Voodoo Velocity 100
|1999
|{{✓}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Unknown}}
|{{Unknown}}
|{{~}}<ref name="Voodoo2toBansheeAccuracyandIssues"></ref>
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|-
|Voodoo 4
|2000
|{{✓}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{~}}
|{{Inflation|USD|150|2000}}
|{{Na}}<ref name="86boxVoodoo45">https://github.com/86Box/86Box/discussions/2909</ref>
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}<ref>https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/issues/3959#issuecomment-1400282345</ref>
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|-
|Voodoo 5
|2000
|{{✓}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{~}}
|{{Inflation|USD|300|2000}}
|{{Na}}<ref name="86boxVoodoo45"></ref>
|{{Na}}<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20250204223046/https://pcem-emulator.co.uk/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=3496</ref>
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|-
! colspan="17" |3Dlabs
|-
|3Dlabs GameGlint / 3D Blaster (Creative Labs)
|1995
|{{✗}}
|{{Unknown}}
|{{green}} 1.0
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|349|1995}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|3Dlabs Permedia / C3000 (PowerColor)
|1996
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|195|1996}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|3Dlabs Permedia
|1996
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|200|1996}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|3Dlabs Permedia 2 / AccelSTAR II (AccelGraphics)
|1997
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|3Dlabs Permedia 2 / Fire GL 1000 PRO (Diamond Multimedia)
|1997
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|299.95|1997}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|3Dlabs Permedia 2 / GLoria Synergy (ELSA)
|1997
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|3Dlabs Permedia 2 / Graphics Blaster Exxtreme (Creative Labs)
|2000
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|3Dlabs Permedia 2 / Winner 2000/Office (ELSA)
|1997
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|ELSA GLoria-4 / GLINT 300SX
|1995
|{{✗}}
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 1.0
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Diamond Fire GL 3000 / GLINT 500TX
|1996
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
! colspan="17" |ATI
|-
|3D Rage / Mach64 GT
|1995
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{red}} N/A
|{{green}} ATI3DCIF
|{{red}} MPEG-1
|{{Inflation|USD|250|1995}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|3D Rage II / Mach64 GT-B
|1996
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{red}} N/A
|{{green}} ATI3DCIF
|{{red}} MPEG-1
|{{Inflation|USD|200|1996}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|3D Rage II+ DVD / Mach64 GT-B
|1996
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{red}} N/A
|{{green}} ATI3DCIF
|{{✓}}
|{{Inflation|USD|200|1996}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|3D Rage Pro
|1997
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Unknown}}
|{{Unknown}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Rage XL / Rage 3
|1998
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✓}}
|{{?}}
|{{WIP-Box}}[https://github.com/86Box/86Box/pull/4926]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}[https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/issues/3889]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Rage 128 / Rage 4
|1998
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|{{green}} 1.2
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✓}}
|{{Inflation|USD|150|1998}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}[https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/issues/3889]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
! colspan="17" |Cirrus Logic
|-
|CL-GD5464
|1996
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{✗}}
|{{red}} N/A
|{{red}} MPEG-1
|{{Inflation|USD|99|1996}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|CL-GD5465
|1996
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{✗}}
|{{red}} N/A
|{{red}} MPEG-1
|?
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
! colspan="17" |Diamond Multimedia
|-
|Diamond Edge 3D / nVidia NV1
|1995
|{{✗}}
|{{✗}}
|{{red}} N/A
|{{green}} NVlib
|{{red}} MPEG-1
|{{Inflation|USD|249|1995}}
|{{Na}}<ref>https://github.com/86Box/86Box/issues/2431</ref>
|{{Na}}<ref>https://github.com/sarah-walker-pcem/pcem/issues/205</ref>
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|-
! colspan="17" |Intel Corporation
|-
|i740
|1998
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|N/A
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✓}}
|{{Inflation|USD|289|1998}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|-
|810
|1999
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|N/A
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✓}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|-
! colspan="17" |Matrox Graphics
|-
|Matrox MGA Ultima / Matrox IS-ATLAS
|1993
|{{✗}}
|{{✗}}
|{{✗}}
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|499|1993}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Impression Plus / Matrox IS-ATHENA
|1994
|{{✗}}
|{{✗}}
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} RenderWare
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|599|1994}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Millennium / Matrox IS-STORM
|1995
|{{✗}}
|{{✗}}
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} RenderWare
|{{red}} MPEG-1
|{{Inflation|USD|339|1995}}
|{{Ya}}[https://86box.net/2024/02/21/86box-v4-1.html#matrox-video-cards]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Millennium II
|1997
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|Supported
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Unknown}}
|{{Inflation|USD|299|1997}}
|{{Ya}}[https://86box.net/2024/02/21/86box-v4-1.html#matrox-video-cards]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Millennium G100
|1998
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|Supported
|{{red}} N/A
|{{red}} MPEG-1
|{{Unknown}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Millennium G200
|1998
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|Supported
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✓}}
|{{Inflation|USD|248|1998}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Millennium G400
|1999
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|Supported
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✓}}
|{{Inflation|USD|149|1999}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Mystique
|1996
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|Supported
|{{green}} MSI
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|179|1996}}
|{{Ya}}[https://86box.net/2024/02/21/86box-v4-1.html#matrox-video-cards]
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Productiva G100
|1998
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|Supported
|{{red}} N/A
|{{red}} MPEG-1
|{{Inflation|USD|99|1998}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Productiva G100-Quad
|1998
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|Supported
|{{red}} N/A
|{{red}} MPEG-1
|{{Inflation|USD|699|1998}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
! colspan="17" |NVIDIA
|-
|Riva 128
|1997
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{green}} 1.0
|{{red}} N/A
|{{~}}
|{{Inflation|USD|150|1997}}
|{{WIP-Box}}<ref>[https://86box.net/2025/02/25/riva128-part-1.html Work in progress] for 86Box as of July 2025</ref>
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Riva TNT
|1998
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{green}} 1.2
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✓}}
|{{Inflation|USD|250|1998}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Riva TNT2
|1999
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|{{green}} 1.2
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✓}}
|{{Inflation|USD|299|1999}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
! colspan="17" |Paradise Computers
|-
|Tasmania 3D
|1995
|{{✗}}
|{{✗}}
|{{Unknown}}
|{{green}} RenderWare<br/>BRender<br/>RenderMorphics
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|250|1995}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
! colspan="17" |PowerVR
|-
|Kyro II
|2001
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|N/A
|{{green}} PowerSGL
|{{✓}}
|{{Inflation|USD|150|2001}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|PCX1
|1996
|{{✗}}
|N/A
|N/A
|{{green}} PowerSGL
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|PCX2
|1997
|{{✗}}
|N/A
|N/A
|{{green}} PowerSGL
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="17" |Real3D
|-
|Real3D i700
|1994
|{{✗}}
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 1.0
|{{red}} N/A
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|4000|1994}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
! colspan="17" |Rendition
|-
|Vérité V1000
|1996
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} Speedy3D<br/>RRedline
|{{red}} MPEG-1
|
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Vérité V2100
|1997
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{green}} Speedy3D<br/>RRedline
|{{✓}}
|
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Vérité V2200
|1998
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 5.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{green}} Speedy3D<br/>RRedline
|{{✓}}
|{{Inflation|USD|200|1998}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="17" |S3
|-
|Savage3D
|1998
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{green}} S3d
|{{✓}}
|{{Inflation|USD|199|1998}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Savage4
|1999
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|N/A
|{{green}} S3d
|{{✓}}
|{{Inflation|USD|100|1999}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
! colspan="17" |Trident
|-
|3DImage 9750
|1997
|Unknown
|Unknown
|Unknown
|Unknown
|{{Unknown}}
|{{Inflation|USD|129|1997}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Blade 3D
|1999
|Unknown
|{{green}} 6.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|Unknown
|{{✓}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Cyber9397
|1997
|Unknown
|Unknown
|Unknown
|Unknown
|{{Unknown}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|CyberBlade XP
|2000
|{{Unknown}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|{{green}} 1.1
|{{Unknown}}
|{{✓}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|ProVidia9685
|1996
|{{Unknown}}
|{{Unknown}}
|{{Unknown}}
|{{Unknown}}
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|99|1996}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
! colspan="17" |VideoLogic
|-
|Neon 250
|1999
|{{Unknown}}
|{{green}} 6.0
|{{✗}}
|{{green}} PowerSGL
|{{✓}}
|{{Inflation|USD|169|1999}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Na}}||{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|}
 
====2D-only====
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;width:100%"
! style="width:50%"|Name
! Released
! [[Home media players|<abbr title="hardware level, shouldn't be confused with software or limited support">MPEG-1</abbr>]]
! <abbr title="introductory price">INPR</abbr>
! 86Box
! PCem
!DOSBox
!DOSBox Forks
!DREAMM
! MartyPC
! UniPCemu
!VARCem
! MAME
|-
! colspan="13" |Alliance Semiconductor
|-
|ProMotion 3210
|1994
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|ProMotion 6410
|1995
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|ProMotion aT24
|1996
|{{Unknown}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|ProMotion aT3D
|1997
|{{Unknown}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="13" |ATI
|-
|ATI 18800 (VGA Wonder)
|1988
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|ATI 28800 (VGA Wonder XL)
|1991
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|ATI Mach32
|1992
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|ATI Graphics / Mach64 GX
|1994
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|ATI Win / Mach64 CT
|1995
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|ATI Video Expression / Mach64 VT
|1996
|{{✓}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|ATI Video Expression / Mach64 VT2
|1996
|{{✓}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="13" |Cirrus Logic
|-
|CL-GD 5401
|1991
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|CL-GD 5402
|1992
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|CL-GD 5420
|1992
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|CL-GD 5422
|1992
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|CL-GD 5424
|1992
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|CL-GD 5426
|1993
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|CL-GD 5428
|1993
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|CL-GD 5429
|1994
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|CL-GD 5430
|1994
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|CL-GD 5434
|1994
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|CL-GD 5436
|1994
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|CL-GD 5440
|1995
|{{✓}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|CL-GD 5446
|1996
|{{✓}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|CL-GD 5480
|1996
|{{✓}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="13" |Hercules Computer Technology
|-
|Hercules Text Card (WMA)
|1987
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Hercules Graphics Card (HGC)
|1982
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|499|1982}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Hercules Graphics Card Plus
|1986
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|299|1986}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Network Card Plus (HNC)
|1988
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Color Card
|1985
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|245|1985}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|InColor Card
|1987
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|299|1987}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="13" |IBM
|-
|Monochrome Display Adapter (MDA)
|1981
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Color Graphics Adapter (CGA)
|1981
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Enhanced Graphics Adapter (EGA)
|1984
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|524|1984}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Multi-Color Graphics Array (MCGA)
|1987
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Professional Graphics Controller (PGC)
|1984
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|2995|1984}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Video Graphics Array (VGA)
|1987
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|8514
|1987
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|1290|1987}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="13" |InteGraphics Systems
|-
|IGA 1680_A
|1994
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="13" |Intel Corporation
|-
|i750
|1991
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Kama SX094
|1987
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="13" |Matrox Graphics
|-
|Impression
|1993
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|999|1993}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
|Impression Pro
|1993
|{{✗}}
|{{Inflation|USD|1699|1993}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|-
! colspan="13" |NEC
|-
|μPD7220
|1982
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="13" |Orchid Technology
|-
|Orchid Graphics Adapter
|1982
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="13" |Paradise Computers
|-
|Modular Graphics Card (MGC)
|
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Autoswitch EGA
|
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|PVGA Plus
|
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|PVGA 1A
|
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="13" |Plantronics
|-
|Colorplus
|
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="13" |Quadram Corporation
|-
|Quadcolor I
|
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Quadcolor II
|
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="13" |S3
|-
|S3 86C911
|1991
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|S3 Vision864
|1994
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|S3 Vision868
|1994
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|S3 Trio32
|1994
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|S3 Trio64
|1994
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|S3 Trio64V+
|1995
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|S3 Trio64V2/DX
|1996
|{{✓}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="13" |Texas Instruments
|-
|Tigacard
|1991
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="13" |Trident
|-
|Cyber9320
|1994
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|TGUI9420
|1994
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|TGUI9600
|1995
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|TVGA8200
|
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|TVGA8800
|1988
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|TVGA8900
|1990
|{{✗}}
|
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|}
 
===Audio===
:''Also see [[Shaders, filters, and sound#Audio]], and [[Wrappers]].''
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;width:100%"
! style="width:50%"|Sound Cards
! Release Year
! [[Wrappers|<abbr title="hardware level, shouldn't be confused with software or limited support">API Support</abbr>]]
! 86Box
! PCem
!DOSBox
!DOSBox Forks
!DREAMM
! MartyPC
! UniPCemu
!VARCem
! MAME
|-
|AdLib
|1987
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|AdLib ASB 16
|
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|AdLib Gold
|1992
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Aureal Vortex 1 (e.g., Turtle Beach Montego)
|1997
|{{green}} A3D 1.0
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Aureal Vortex 2 (e.g., Diamond Monster Sound MX300)
|1998
|{{green}} A3D 2.0
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Aureal Vortex Advantage
|1999
|{{green}} A3D 1.0
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Aztech Sound-3 288FSP
|
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Aztech Sound Galaxy Pro 16
|1994
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Aztech Sound Galaxy Pro 16 III-3D PnP
|
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Aztech Sound Galaxy WaveRider Pro 32-3D (I) PnP
|
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Boca Sound Expression 14.4 SRS
|
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Boca Sound Expression V.34 SRS
|
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Creative Music System / Game Blaster
|1987 / 1988
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Sound Blaster 1.x / 2.0
|1989 / 1991
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Sound Blaster Pro
|1991
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Sound Blaster 16
|1992
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Sound Blaster ViBRA 16
|1992
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Sound Blaster AWE32
|1994
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Sound Blaster AWE64
|1996
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Sound Blaster PCI 128
|1998
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Sound Blaster PCI 4.1
|1998
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Sound Blaster Live!
|1998
|{{green}} EAX 1.0 / 2.0
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Sound Blaster Audigy
|2001
|{{green}} EAX 3.0
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Sound Blaster Audigy 2
|2002
|{{green}} EAX 4.0
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Sound Blaster Audigy 2 ZS
|2003
|{{green}} EAX 4.0
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Gravis Ultrasound
|1992
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Gravis Ultrasound MAX
|1994
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Gravis Ultrasound ACE
|1995
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Innovation SSI-2001
|1989
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Media Vision Thunder Board
|1991
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Media Vision Pro Audio Spectrum
|1991
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Media Vision Pro Audio Spectrum Plus
|1991
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Media Vision Pro Audio Spectrum 16
|1992
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Media Vision Pro Audio Studio 16
|1993
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Media Vision Jazz8
|1993
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Media Vision Jazz16
|1993
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Media Vision Pro Sonic 16 SCSI
|1993
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Media Vision Pro 3D
|1994
|{{green}} VBI/AI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Media Vision Deluxe
|1994
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Media Vision Deluxe 16
|1994
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|[https://theretroweb.com/expansioncards/s/mindscape-music-board Mindscape Music Board]
|1985
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Tandy PSSJ
|1989
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Windows Sound System
|1992
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|PS/1 Audio Card
|1990
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Yamaha YMF701 (OPL3-SA)
|1994
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Yamaha YMF711 (OPL3-SA2)
|1995
|{{red}} N/A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Yamaha YMF715 (OPL3-SA3)
|1995
|{{green}} DirectSound3D<br/>QSound
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! style="width:50%"|MIDI Synthesizer Modules / Interfaces
! Release Year
! Interface/Protocol
! 86Box
! PCem
!DOSBox
!DOSBox Forks
!DREAMM
! MartyPC
! UniPCemu
!VARCem
! MAME
|-
|Casio MT-540 / CT-460 / CSM-1
|1988 / 1988 / 1989
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Korg NS5R
|1997
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Korg NX5R
|1999
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Roland MPU-401
|1984
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Roland MT-32
|1987
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Roland SC-55
|1991
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Roland SC-55mkII
|1993
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Roland SC-88
|1994
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Roland RAP-10
|1994
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Roland SC-88 Pro
|1994
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Roland ED SC-8850
|1999
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Roland ED SC-8820
|1999
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Roland ED SC-D70
|2001
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Yamaha MU80
|1994
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Yamaha MU90
|1996
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Yamaha MU100
|1997
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Yamaha MU128
|1998
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Yamaha MU2000
|1999
|MPU-401 MIDI
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! style="width:50%"|External Audio Devices
! Release Year
! Interface/Protocol
! 86Box
! PCem
!DOSBox
!DOSBox Forks
!DREAMM
! MartyPC
! UniPCemu
!VARCem
! MAME
|-
|Covox Speech Thing
|1987
|Parallel Port
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Disney Sound Source
|1991
|Parallel Port
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|}
 
===Network Cards===
;Using [[Preservation_projects#Proxy_projects_for_retro_web_browsing|proxy projects for retro web browsing]] experience is recommended.
 
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;width:100%"
! style="width:50%"|Name
! Standard (IEEE 802.3)
! Release year
! Chipset
! Interface
! 86Box
! PCem
!DOSBox
!DOSBox Forks
!DREAMM
! MartyPC
! UniPCemu
!VARCem
! MAME
|-
|Novell NE2000
|10BASE-T<br/>10BASE2
|1990
|National Semiconductor DP8390
|ISA
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Realtek RTL8029AS
|10BASE-T<br/>10BASE5
|1995
|Realtek RTL8029AS
|PCI
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|3Com EtherLink II
|10BASE-T<br/>10BASE2
|1988
|3Com 3C503
|ISA
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|AMD PCNet-ISA
|10BASE-T<br/>10BASE2
|1991
|AMD LANCE
|ISA
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|AMD PCnet-ISA+
|10BASE-T<br/>10BASE2
|1995
|AMD PCnet-ISA+
|ISA
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Novell NE1000
|10BASE-T<br/>10BASE5
|1986
|National Semiconductor DP8390
|ISA
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Racal Interlan EtherBlaster
|10BASE-T<br/>10BASE2
|1992
|National Semiconductor DP8390
|ISA
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Realtek RTL8019AS
|10BASE-T<br/>10BASE5
|1995
|Realtek RTL8019AS
|ISA
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Western Digital WD8003E
|10BASE2<br/>10BASE5
|1987
|Western Digital WD83C690
|ISA
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Western Digital WD8003EB
|10BASE2
|1988
|Western Digital WD83C690
|ISA
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Western Digital WD8003EBT
|10BASE-T<br/>10BASE2
|1989
|Western Digital WD83C690
|ISA
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|NetWorth EtherNext/MC
|10BASE-T
|1991
|Western Digital WD83C690
|ISA
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Western Digital WD8003E/A
|10BASE5
|1988
|Western Digital WD83C690
|ISA
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Western Digital WD8003ET/A
|10BASE-T
|1989
|Western Digital WD83C690
|ISA
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|AMD PCnet-VL
|10BASE-T<br/>10BASE-FL<br/>100BASE-TX<br/>100BASE-FX
|1995
|AMD PCnet-VL
|VL-Bus
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|AMD PCNet-FAST III
|100BASE-TX
|1997
|AMD PCnet-FAST III
|PCI
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|AMD PCNet-PCI II
|100BASE-TX
|1996
|AMD PCnet-PCI II
|PCI
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|PLIP Network
|Proprietary
|N/A
|N/A
|Parallel
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|}
 
===MPEG hardware decoders===
placeholder text
https://www.vogons.org/viewtopic.php?f=46&t=34225&hilit=dvd+accelerators
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealMagic
 
===Motherboards===
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;width:100%"
! colspan=2 style="width:50%" |Name
! Release Year
! 86Box
! PCem
!DOSBox
!DOSBox Forks
!DREAMM
! MartyPC
! UniPCemu
!VARCem
! MAME
|-
|rowspan="3" |440BX
|[https://theretroweb.com/motherboards/s/abit-ab-bf6 ABit AB-BF6]
|1999
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|[https://theretroweb.com/motherboards/s/abit-ab-bh6-rev.-1.1 ABit AB-BH6]
|1999
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|[https://theretroweb.com/motherboards/s/abit-ab-bp6 ABit AB-BP6]
|1999
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|-
|rowspan="1" |Intel 815E
|[https://theretroweb.com/motherboards/s/abit-ab-sh6 ABit AB-SH6]
|2000
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}||{{Dunno}}
|}
 
===Human Interface Device (HID)===
Assign these symbols in "tables" based on;
    ✓: Emulation of the peripheral, including methods mentioned below.
    ~: No emulation of the peripheral, but real peripheral supported through passthrough, or disguise peripheral support through passthrough.
    ✗: No emulation or passthrough support.
 
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;width:100%"
! style="width:50%"|Name
! 86Box
! PCem
!DOSBox
!DOSBox Forks
!DREAMM
! MartyPC
! UniPCemu
!VARCem
! MAME
|-
! colspan="10" |Mouse
|-
|
|colspan="9" |<small>''Recommended to overclock the PS/2 interrupt frequency to slightly higher value if you're emulating PS/2 device for pointing device on top of higher display refresh rate from emulated guest operating system. Use 86Box's new recompiler, [https://86box.readthedocs.io/en/v5.0/settings/machine.html#cpu-frame-size Smaller frames for CPU frame size], OGL renderer, fullscreen it, set guest to 100hz so it runs in VRR in your host's higher refresh rate mode, install a logitech PS2 driver (or [https://www.dell.com/support/home/en-us/drivers/driversdetails?driverid=r15032 Logitech MouseWare]) in guest that allows you to disable mouse acceleration and use a 100hz poll rate (Use 200Hz if you choose 2-button mouse). Also see [[Input lag]] section and [https://86box.readthedocs.io/en/latest/settings/input.html 86Box Docs: Input].''</small>
|-
! colspan="10" |Controllers
|-
|CH Flightstick
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|CH Flightstick Pro
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|CH Virtual Pilot
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Generic controllers
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Gravis Analog Joystick
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Gravis Analog Pro Joystick
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Gravis Gamepad
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Logitech Thunderpad
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Logitech WingMan
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Logitech WingMan Extreme
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Logitech WingMan Light
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Mad Catz Panther XL
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Microsoft SideWinder 3D Pro
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Microsoft SideWinder Pad
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Microsoft SideWinder Precision Pro
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Thrustmaster Flight Control System
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Thrustmaster Formula T1/T2
|{{Na}}
|{{Na}}||{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|}
 
===Floppy, CD-ROM and DVD-ROM drives===
;It's recommended to see [[Ripping games|Ripping]], [[Home media players]] and [[Save disk space for ISOs]] pages. Also see [[Copy protection#Emulation]] section for middleware or disc-check emulation software tools.
* See [https://86box.readthedocs.io/en/latest/settings/floppycdrom.html this documentation] for 86Box. There is no optical drive passthrough support for 86Box at the moment[https://github.com/86Box/86Box/issues/730], so your only choice is using supported disc images. [https://86box.readthedocs.io/en/latest/hardware/diskimages.html#cd-rom-dvd-rom-optical-disc-images .ISO, MDS/MDF and BIN/CUE (inc. Audio tracks, CDDA) supported].
* [https://dosbox-x.com/wiki/#Guide:Managing-image-files-in-DOSBox%E2%80%90X#_cd_rom_or_dvd_images DOSbox-X supports CD-ROM or DVD image files with the ISO-9660 (or High-Sierra) filesystem] in [[Ripping_games#Comparison|.ISO, .CUE+.BIN, .MDF]] or [[Save_disk_space_for_ISOs|.CHD]]. Similar to speed profiles for hard disks, [https://86box.readthedocs.io/en/stable/settings/floppycdrom.html#cd-rom-drives up to 72x maximum transfer speed for the drive emulation supported]. This way you can enjoy interactive features of your [https://vsrecommendedgames.miraheze.org/wiki/Games_with_Notable_Installers games that comes with notable installers].
* There is a [https://github.com/dosbox-staging/dosbox-staging/issues/3805 feature request for adding MDF/MDS support to DOSBox-Staging].
 
===Storage===
* 86Box supports [https://86box.readthedocs.io/en/latest/settings/hdd.html#speed-profiles speed profiles] for hard disk (only IDE and ESDI) images. Speed emulation takes the rotation speed, physical layout and cache size of an average '''period-correct''' drive into account. The RAM Disk profile runs the drive as fast as the host can manage.
 
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;width:100%"
! style="width:50%"|Name
! 86Box
! PCem
!DOSBox
!DOSBox Forks
!DREAMM
! MartyPC
! UniPCemu
!VARCem
! MAME
|-
! colspan="10" |Hard Drive Interface
|-
|Standard IDE
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|MFM/RLL
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|ESDI
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|SCSI
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|IDE-XTA
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
! colspan="10" |Controller Card
|-
|Adaptec AHA-1542C
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Buslogic BT-545S
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|IBM ESDI Fixed Disk Controller
|{{Na}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|IBM SCSI Adapter with Cache
|{{Na}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Longshine LCS-6821N
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Rancho RT1000B
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Trantor T130B
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|XTIDE
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|AT Fixed Disk Adapter
|{{Na}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|DTC 5150X
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Fixed Disk Adapter (Xebec)
|{{Na}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Western Digital WD1007V-SE1
|{{Ya}}
|{{Ya}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|ST-11M (MFM)
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|ST-11R (RLL)
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Western Digital WDXT-150
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Western Digital WD1002A-WX1
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Acculogic XT-IDE
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|Adaptec AHA-1640
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|BusLogic BT-445C/S
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|BusLogic BT-640A
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|-
|NCR 53C90
|{{Ya}}
|{{Na}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|{{Dunno}}
|}
 
==Emulation issues==
For PC games up to 1999, emulators like [[86Box]], [[PCem]], and [[DOSBox#Forks|DOSBox-X]] provide robust emulation solutions, accurately recreating the hardware environment of that era. However, games from 1999 onward increasingly demanded advanced 3D graphics capabilities. A [[High/Low_level_emulation|low-level]] approach seems to be impossible for [[Windows_NT_5.x_emulators|DirectX 8/9, SSE 2/3 emulation from the Windows XP era]]. On the other hand, instead of using [[wikipedia:Hardware_virtualization#Hardware-assisted_virtualization|hardware-assisted]]-based [[Hypervisors#Type_1_hypervisors|virtualization approaches such as KVM]]; using QEMU [https://www.qemu.org/docs/master/devel/index-tcg.html TCG emulation approach] (kind of like [[Xemu]] and [[MacOS_emulators#PowerPC|QEMU's PPC-based macOS emulation]]?), with the help of projects such as [https://github.com/JHRobotics/softgpu SoftGPU], [https://github.com/virtio-win/kvm-guest-drivers-windows/pull/943 virtio-gpu], [https://docs.mesa3d.org/drivers/virgl.html#future-scope VirGL virtual adapter], various [[compatibility layers]] and [[wrappers]], or even an API passthrough approach similar to [[Windows_NT_5.x_emulators#Other_solutions|QEMU 3dfx]] may be chosen by the developers in the future.
 
For more information about PC emulation and reverse engineering;
*[https://github.com/schellingb/dosbox-pure/issues/301 DOSBox Pure: MMX Instruction Set Support issue page]
*[https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/issues/5040 DOSBox-X: 3D Graphics Cards that aren't emulated yet]
*[https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/issues/1089 DOSBox-X: KVM and Hyper-V issue page]
*[https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/issues/3405 DOSBox-X: virtual GPU adapters such as VMware SVGA/SVGA II, VBoxVGA issue page]
*softgpu: [https://github.com/JHRobotics/softgpu/issues/22], [https://github.com/JHRobotics/softgpu/issues/12]
*virtio-gpu: [https://github.com/virtio-win/kvm-guest-drivers-windows/issues/841][https://github.com/virtio-win/kvm-guest-drivers-windows/pull/943]
*[https://pcem-emulator.co.uk/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=3499 PCem: Future graphics card emulation]
*[https://github.com/bochs-emu/Bochs/pull/574 Pull request for Bochs: Improve glxgears support for GeForce]
*[https://github.com/tongzx/nt5src nt5src] - Source code of Windows XP (NT5).
;Other projects and emulated systems that have helped, or may potentially help, PC emulators in the future;
*[[PlayStation 3 emulators]] - Due to RSX GPU
*[[PlayStation 4 emulators]] - Same architecture
*[[PlayStation 5 emulators]] - Same architecture
*[[Xbox emulators]] - Due to Celeron, NV2A GPU, and is based on modified [[Windows_NT_3.X_and_4.0_emulators|Windows NT 3.5]] ([https://github.com/xemu-project/xemu/blob/master/target/i386/ops_sse.h], [https://github.com/xemu-project/xemu/tree/master/hw/xbox/nv2a], [https://github.com/xemu-project/xemu/blob/master/hw/xbox/xbox_pci.c#L47])
*[[Xbox 360 emulators]] - Due to Xenos GPU and is based on [[Windows_NT_5.x_emulators|Windows 2000]]
*[[Xbox One emulators]] - Same architecture
*[[Xbox Series X and Series S]] - Same architecture
*[[macOS]] - Using same GPUs
*[[Wrappers]]
*[[Compatibility layers]]
*[[Windows NT 5.x emulators#Hypervisors|Hypervisor's Virtual GPU Adapters for legacy operating systems]]
*[https://github.com/libcdio/libcdio libcdio], [https://github.com/polpo/picogus picogus] and [https://github.com/PCSX2/pcsx2/tree/master/pcsx2/CDVD PCSX2's CDVD] - Could be beneficial for implementing reading capability for [[Ripping games|capable image formats]].
*[https://github.com/aaronsgiles/ymfm ymfm]
 
==External links==
*[https://youtu.be/qND3Eb0dI0E Tech Tangents: 86Box - An Introduction to PC Emulation]
*[https://wiki.softhistory.org/wiki/List_of_emulated_hardware_on_86Box wiki.softhistory.org - List of emulated hardware on 86Box]
*[https://www.vgamuseum.info/ VGAMuseum]
*[https://theretroweb.com theretroweb]
 
== [[FPGA]] ==
{{Main|MiSTer}}
 
== References ==
<references group="lower-alpha"/>
 
=== Reference Links ===
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Operating systems]]

Latest revision as of 01:22, 12 October 2025

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