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For the different sections for the file types, see: [[#Archives|Archives]], [[#Disc.2FDisk_Images|Disc/Disk Images]], [[#Tape_Files|Tape Files]], [[#ROM_Images|ROM Images]], [[#Saves|Saves]], [[#Shaders_and_Filters|Shaders and Filters]], [[#Other|Other]], [[#CHIP-8 formats|CHIP-8]].
 
==Archives==
 
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|+Archives
 
|-
 
|-
! scope="col"|<abbr title="File extension">File ext</abbr>
+
! scope="col"|Filetype
! scope="col"|File type
+
! scope="col"|Name
 +
! scope="col"|System
 
! scope="col"|Notes
 
! scope="col"|Notes
 
|-
 
|-
|.rar
+
|.rar/.7zip/.zip/.tar.gz
|Compressed Archive
 
|Use WinRAR or 7-Zip to open and extract.
 
|-
 
|.7z/.7zip
 
|Compressed Archive
 
|Use WinRAR or 7-Zip to open and extract.
 
|-
 
|.zip
 
|Compressed Archive
 
|Use WinRAR or 7-Zip to open and extract.
 
|-
 
|.tar.gz<br/>.gz
 
 
|Compressed Archive
 
|Compressed Archive
|Use WinRAR or 7-Zip to open and extract.
+
| -
 +
|Use WinRAR or 7Zip to open and extract.
 
|-
 
|-
|.tar
+
|.001/.part1
|Archive
 
|Use WinRAR or 7-Zip to open and extract.
 
|-
 
|.001/.part1/.r01
 
 
|Split Archive
 
|Split Archive
|Use WinRAR or 7-Zip to open and extract.
+
| -
|-
+
|Use WinRAR or 7Zip to open and extract.
|.gzip
 
|Compressed Archive
 
|Use 7-Zip to open and extract. Can be loaded by [[PCSX2]] directly.
 
|-
 
|.tar.bz2<br/>.bz2
 
|Compressed Archive
 
|Use WinRAR or 7-Zip to open and extract. Could previously have been loaded by PCSX2 (Old CDVD plugin) until PCSX2 became plugin-free.
 
 
|}
 
|}
==Disc/Disk Images==
+
 
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|+Disc Images
 
|-
 
|-
! scope="col"|<abbr title="File Extention">File ext</abbr>
+
! scope="col"|Filetype
 
! scope="col"|Name
 
! scope="col"|Name
 
! scope="col"|System
 
! scope="col"|System
Line 69: Line 48:
 
|.chd
 
|.chd
 
|Compressed Hard Disk
 
|Compressed Hard Disk
|Multiple
+
|[[MAME]]/[[MESS]]
|Originally made for [[MAME]], now used by multiple emulators
+
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.mdf
 
|.mdf
Line 84: Line 63:
 
|.ecm
 
|.ecm
 
|Error Code Modeler
 
|Error Code Modeler
|[[PlayStation emulators|PlayStation]]
+
|[[PlayStation Emulators|PS1]]
|Compressed PS1 disc image, use Unecm to decompress it.
+
|Compressed PS1 disc image, use UnECM to decompress it.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.cso
 
|.cso
 
|Compressed ISO
 
|Compressed ISO
|PS2/PSP/GC/Wii
+
|[[PlayStation Portable emulators|PSP]]
|Compressed disc image, see [[Save Disk Space for ISOs|here]] to convert to and from .iso
+
|Compressed PSP disc image, use UMDGen to convert to and from .iso
|-
 
|.gcz
 
|Compressed Dolphin ISO
 
|GC/Wii
 
|Compressed Wii/GC disc image, see [[Save Disk Space for ISOs|here]] to convert to and from .iso
 
|-
 
|.rvz
 
|Modern Dolphin Format
 
|GC/Wii
 
|A new compressed format developed by the Dolphin team able to efficiently compress junk/padding data, allowing both small file sizes and archival quality.
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.cdi/.gdi
 
|.cdi/.gdi
 
|CD Image
 
|CD Image
|[[Sega Dreamcast emulators|Dreamcast]]
+
|[[Sega Dreamcast emulators|DreamCast]]
|Typically used with Dreamcast, CDI is a compressed GDI
+
|Typically used with DreamCast, CDI is a compressed GDI
|-
 
|.sbi
 
|CD Image
 
|
 
|Sub-channel data. Generally used in the case of PS1 for Digital Rights Management
 
|-
 
|.sub
 
|CloneCD Subchannel File
 
|PS1/others?
 
|Sub-channel data for CloneCD, may come with .img/.ccd. Don't confuse with MicroDVD subtitle files with the same extension.
 
|-
 
|.nrg
 
|Nero Image File
 
|PS1/PS2/others?
 
|
 
|-
 
|.isz
 
|ISO Zipped
 
|PS2/others?
 
|
 
|-
 
|.fds
 
|Famicom Disk System
 
|[[Nintendo Entertainment System emulators|NES]]
 
|
 
|-
 
|.ndd
 
|Nintendo 64DD
 
|[[Nintendo 64 emulators|N64]]
 
|
 
|-
 
|.adf
 
|Amiga Disk File
 
|[[Amiga line|Amiga]]
 
|
 
|-
 
|.adz/adf.gz
 
|ADZ
 
|[[Amiga line|Amiga]]
 
|Name derived from Amiga Disk File and the compression format gzip
 
|-
 
|.dms
 
|Disk Masher System
 
|[[Amiga line|Amiga]]
 
|
 
|-
 
|.ipf
 
|Interchangeable Preservation Format
 
|[[Amiga line|Amiga]]
 
|A file format designed to replace the 'Amiga Disk File' format due to many files in the .adf format "cracked" variants of software. Has better support for copy protected disks.
 
 
|}
 
|}
==Tape Files==
+
 
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|+Tape Files
 
|-
 
|-
! scope="col"|<abbr title="File extension">File ext</abbr>
+
! scope="col"|Filetype
 
! scope="col"|Name
 
! scope="col"|Name
 
! scope="col"|System
 
! scope="col"|System
Line 168: Line 88:
 
|Waveform Audio File Format
 
|Waveform Audio File Format
 
|Tape Based Systems
 
|Tape Based Systems
|Raw data in audio format<ref group=N>When listened to, the file will play white noise. If this noise is perfectly recorded on to a tape, that tape should theoretically be able to be used on a system. In practice, however, this is more difficult to do, as any interference can potentially ruin the tape and some copy protection systems may render the re-recording unusable</ref>
+
|Raw data in audio format†
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.tap
 
|.tap
Line 177: Line 97:
 
|.tzx
 
|.tzx
 
|ZX Spectrum Tape File
 
|ZX Spectrum Tape File
|Compatible Tape Based Systems ([[ZX Spectrum emulators|ZXS]], [[Amstrad CPC emulators|CPC]], [[Commodore 64 emulators|C64]], etc.)
+
|Compatible Tape Based Systems ([[ZX Spectrum|ZXS]], [[Amstrad CPC|CPC]], [[Commodore 64 emulators|C64]], etc.)
 
|Prefered file type for all emulators, perfect representation
 
|Prefered file type for all emulators, perfect representation
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.cdc
 
|.cdc
 
|CPC Digital Tape
 
|CPC Digital Tape
|[[Amstrad CPC emulators|Amstrad CPC]]
+
|[[Amstrad CPC|Amstrad CPC]]
|Identical to the .tzx file but useable only by [[Amstrad CPC emulators]]
+
|Identical to the .tzx file but useable only by Amstrad CPC emulators
|-
 
|.cas
 
|PC-6000 and PC-6601 Cassette
 
|[[NEC PC-6000 series]]
 
|
 
 
|}
 
|}
==ROM Images==
+
 
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
<references group=N />
+
†When listened to, the file will play white noise. If this noise is perfectly recreated on to a tape, that tape should theoretically be able to be used on a system. In practice how ever, this is more difficult to do, as any interference can potentially ruin the tape.
 +
|+ROMs
 
|-
 
|-
! scope="col"|<abbr title="File extension">File ext</abbr>
+
! scope="col"|Filetype
 
! scope="col"|Name
 
! scope="col"|Name
 
! scope="col"|System
 
! scope="col"|System
 
! scope="col"|Notes
 
! scope="col"|Notes
 
|-
 
|-
|.nes/.nez/.unf/.unif
+
|.nes
 
|NES ROM
 
|NES ROM
|[[Nintendo Entertainment System emulators|NES]]
+
|[[NES Emulators|NES]]
|.unf and .unif correspond to the now deprecated Universal NES Image Format.
+
|
 +
|-
 +
|.fds
 +
|Famicom Disk System
 +
|[[NES Emulators|NES]]
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.smc
 
|.smc
 
|Super Magicom
 
|Super Magicom
|[[Super Nintendo emulators|SNES]]
+
|[[SNES emulators|SNES]]
 
|Headered ROMs dumped from a Super Magicom copier.
 
|Headered ROMs dumped from a Super Magicom copier.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.sfc
 
|.sfc
 
|Super Famicom ROM
 
|Super Famicom ROM
|[[Super Nintendo emulators|SNES]]
+
|[[SNES emulators|SNES]]
 
|Headerless SNES ROM
 
|Headerless SNES ROM
 
|-
 
|-
Line 231: Line 152:
 
|.gg
 
|.gg
 
|Game Gear ROM
 
|Game Gear ROM
|[[Master System emulators|Game Gear]]
+
|[[Game Gear]]
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
Line 250: Line 171:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.gb
 
|.gb
|Game Boy ROM
+
|GameBoy ROM
|[[Game Boy/Game Boy Color emulators|Game Boy]]
+
|[[Game Boy/Game Boy Color emulators|GameBoy]]
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.gbc
 
|.gbc
|Game Boy Color ROM
+
|GBC ROM
|[[Game Boy/Game Boy Color emulators|Game Boy Color]]
+
|[[Game Boy/Game Boy Color emulators|GameBoy Color]]
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
|.gba/.srl
+
|.gba
|Game Boy Advance ROM
+
|GBA ROM
|[[Game Boy Advance emulators|Game Boy Advance]]
+
|[[Game Boy Advance emulators|GameBoy Advance]]
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
Line 274: Line 195:
 
|Can be either a compressed .gcm or .iso
 
|Can be either a compressed .gcm or .iso
 
|-
 
|-
|.xiso
+
|.nds
|Xbox ISO
+
|NDS ROM
|[[Xbox emulators|Xbox]]
 
|
 
|-
 
|.nds/.srl
 
|Nintendo DS ROM
 
 
|[[Nintendo DS emulators|Nintendo DS]]
 
|[[Nintendo DS emulators|Nintendo DS]]
 
|
 
|
|-
 
|.dsi/.nds/.app/.srl
 
|DSiWare ROM
 
|DSiWare
 
|Different from regular DS ROMs.
 
|-
 
|.ids
 
|iQue DS ROM
 
|[[Nintendo DS emulators|iQue/Nintendo DS]]
 
|The same thing as regular Nintendo DS ROMs, but for the Chinese iQue DS.
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.wbfs
 
|.wbfs
Line 299: Line 205:
 
|Use WBFS Manager to convert to and from .iso
 
|Use WBFS Manager to convert to and from .iso
 
|-
 
|-
|rowspan="2"|.wad
+
|.wad
|Wii Application Data
+
|Game Data File
|[[Wii emulators|Wii]]
+
|[[Wii emulators|Wii]]/Doom
|Used for Wii channels
+
|Use for Wii channels and old FPS games
|-
 
|Where's All the Data?
 
|Doom Engine games
 
|Used for games derived from the [https://doomwiki.org/wiki/Doom_engine Doom engine] and [https://doomwiki.org/wiki/WAD#Uses_outside_the_Doom_engine a few 90's games].
 
|-
 
|.cia
 
|CTR Importable Archive
 
|[[Nintendo 3DS emulators|3DS]]
 
|
 
|-
 
|.3ds
 
|Nintendo 3DS ROM
 
|[[Nintendo 3DS emulators|3DS]]
 
|
 
|-
 
|.nsp
 
|Nintendo Switch ROM
 
|[[Nintendo Switch emulators|Nintendo Switch]]
 
|Dump of SD and NAND games, Updates
 
|-
 
|.xci
 
|Nintendo Switch ROM
 
|[[Nintendo Switch emulators|Nintendo Switch]]
 
|Dump of a game cartridge
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.ngp/.ngc
 
|.ngp/.ngc
 
|NGP/C ROM
 
|NGP/C ROM
|[[Neo Geo Pocket emulators|Neo Geo Pocket/Color]]
+
|[[Neo Geo Pocket]]/[[Neo Geo Pocket|Color]]
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.pce
 
|.pce
 
|PC Engine ROM
 
|PC Engine ROM
|[[PC Engine (TurboGrafx-16) emulators|PC Engine]]
+
|[[PC Engine]]
|
 
|-
 
|.vpk
 
|PlayStation Vita ROM
 
|[[PlayStation Vita emulators|PlayStation Vita]]
 
|Compressed files forming a PlayStation Vita ROM
 
|-
 
|.vb
 
|Virtual Boy ROM
 
|[[Virtual Boy emulators|Virtual Boy]]
 
|Also used for Visual Basic source files
 
|-
 
|.ws/.wsc
 
|WonderSwan (Color) ROM
 
|[[WonderSwan emulators|WonderSwan/Color]]
 
 
|
 
|
|-
 
|.bin/.dat/.lst
 
|NAOMI ROM
 
|[[Dreamcast emulators|Dreamcast]]
 
|NAOMI format supported by relevant Dreamcast emulators. MAME-deprecated and mostly irrelevant
 
|-
 
|.ipa
 
|Apple iPhone App Data
 
|[[IOS emulators|iOS]]
 
|
 
|-
 
|.apk
 
|Android App Data
 
|[[Android emulators|Android]]
 
|
 
|-
 
|.obb
 
|Android App Data Resources
 
|[[Android emulators|Android]]
 
 
|}
 
|}
==Saves==
+
 
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|+Saves
 
|-
 
|-
! scope="col"|<abbr title="File extension">File ext</abbr>
+
! scope="col"|Filetype
 
! scope="col"|Name
 
! scope="col"|Name
 
! scope="col"|System
 
! scope="col"|System
Line 381: Line 230:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.dsv
 
|.dsv
|DeSmuME Save
+
|DeSmuMe Save
 
|[[Nintendo DS emulators|NDS]]
 
|[[Nintendo DS emulators|NDS]]
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.ds1 to .ds9
 
|.ds1 to .ds9
|DeSmuME Save State
+
|DeSmuMe Save State
 
|[[Nintendo DS emulators|NDS]]
 
|[[Nintendo DS emulators|NDS]]
 
|
 
|
Line 396: Line 245:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.ps2
 
|.ps2
|[[PCSX2]] Memory Card
+
|PCSX2 Memory Card
 
|[[PlayStation 2 emulators|PS2]]
 
|[[PlayStation 2 emulators|PS2]]
|
 
|-
 
|.p2s
 
|PCSX2 Save State
 
|[[PS2]]
 
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
Line 413: Line 257:
 
|Memory Pack
 
|Memory Pack
 
|[[Nintendo 64 emulators|Nintendo 64]]
 
|[[Nintendo 64 emulators|Nintendo 64]]
|N64 saves
+
|N64 Saves
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.eep
 
|.eep
 
|EEPROM
 
|EEPROM
 
|[[Nintendo 64 emulators|Nintendo 64]]
 
|[[Nintendo 64 emulators|Nintendo 64]]
|N64 saves
+
|N64 Saves
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.st0/.sta/
 
|.st0/.sta/
Line 427: Line 271:
 
|.srm
 
|.srm
 
|Save RAM
 
|Save RAM
|[[Super Nintendo emulators|SNES]]/[[Sega Genesis emulators|Genesis]]
+
|[[SNES emulators|SNES]]/[[Genesis]]
|Save RAM dump, used with emulators and flashcards
+
|Save RAM dump, used with emulators and flashcarts
 
|}
 
|}
==[[Shaders and Filters]]==
+
 
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|+[[Shaders and Filters]]
 
|-
 
|-
! scope="col"|<abbr title="File extension">File ext</abbr>
+
! scope="col"|Filetype
 
! scope="col"|Name
 
! scope="col"|Name
 
! scope="col"|System
 
! scope="col"|System
Line 440: Line 285:
 
|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cg_%28programming_language%29 .cg]
 
|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cg_%28programming_language%29 .cg]
 
|C for Graphics
 
|C for Graphics
|
+
|?
|Nvidia's shader format based on C's syntax.
+
|NVIDIA's shader format based on C's syntax.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GLSL .glsl]
 
|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GLSL .glsl]
 
|OpenGL Shading Language / GLslang
 
|OpenGL Shading Language / GLslang
|
+
|?
 
|OpenGL only shader format based on C's syntax.
 
|OpenGL only shader format based on C's syntax.
 
|-
 
|-
Line 452: Line 297:
 
|Windows, [[Xbox emulators|Xbox]], [[Xbox 360 emulators|360]]
 
|Windows, [[Xbox emulators|Xbox]], [[Xbox 360 emulators|360]]
 
|Microsoft's proprietary DirectX only shader language, based on C's syntax.
 
|Microsoft's proprietary DirectX only shader language, based on C's syntax.
|-
 
|[https://github.com/shader-slang/slang .slang]
 
|Slang
 
|
 
|Shading language that extends HLSL.
 
|-
 
|.slangp
 
|Slang preset
 
|
 
|Lists Slang files and provides parameters for them.
 
 
|}
 
|}
==Other==
+
 
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|+Other
 
|-
 
|-
! scope="col"|<abbr title="File extension">File ext</abbr>
+
! scope="col"|Filetype
 
! scope="col"|Name
 
! scope="col"|Name
 
! scope="col"|System
 
! scope="col"|System
Line 472: Line 308:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.elf
 
|.elf
|Executable and Linkable Format
+
|
|[[PlayStation 2 emulators|PS2]]/[[PlayStation 3 emulators|PS3]]/[[GameCube emulators|GC]]/[[Wii emulators|Wii]]
+
Executable and Linkable Format
 +
|PS2/PS3/GC/Wii
 
|Typically a homebrew/small application file
 
|Typically a homebrew/small application file
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.pbp
 
|.pbp
 
|Perl Builder File
 
|Perl Builder File
|[[PlayStation Portable emulators|PlayStation Portable]]
+
|PSP
|Game and homebrew eboot file, also used for PS1 ISO storage (eboot.pbp)
+
|Game and homebrew eboot file
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.dol
 
|.dol
 
|Dolphin File
 
|Dolphin File
|[[GameCube emulators|GameCube]]/[[Wii emulators|Wii]]
+
|GC/Wii
 
|Executable
 
|Executable
|-
 
|.xbe/.xex
 
|Xbox Executable
 
|Xbox/X360
 
|Xbox Executable. Usually comes with a folder with game data. X360 ones can be loaded by Xenia.
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.cfg/.ini
 
|.cfg/.ini
 
|Configuration File
 
|Configuration File
 
|Multiple
 
|Multiple
|Use a text editor such as notepad/[http://notepad-plus-plus.org/download/ Notepad++] to edit
+
|Use a text editor such as notepad/Notepad++ to edit
 
|-
 
|-
 
|.dll
 
|.dll
Line 500: Line 332:
 
|Multiple
 
|Multiple
 
|Typically used for plugins/emulation cores in emulators
 
|Typically used for plugins/emulation cores in emulators
|-
 
|.so
 
|Shared Library
 
|Multiple
 
|Typically used for plugins/emulation cores in emulators
 
|-
 
|.xml
 
|Extensible Markup Language
 
|[[MAME]]/[[MESS]]
 
|Contains various information about emulated systems and ROMs.
 
|-
 
|.hsi
 
|XML-like
 
|[[MESS]]
 
|Contains various information about ROMs.
 
|-
 
|.lay
 
|Layout
 
|[[MAME]]/[[MESS]]
 
|XML-like file used to describe the visual layout of artwork overlays and placement of emulation input/output.
 
|-
 
|.nv
 
|Non Volatile RAM
 
|[[MAME]]/[[MESS]]
 
|Created by default to store [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-volatile_random-access_memory nvram] of emulated systems or software in the NVRAM folder.
 
|-
 
|.m3u
 
|Playlist file
 
|Multiple
 
|Used to play multiple discs back to back, [http://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php/Auto-load_next_disc automates disc swapping].
 
|-
 
|.rp9
 
|RP9
 
|[[Amiga line|Amiga]]/[[Commodore 64]]
 
|Packaging format for Commodore 64 and Amiga file formats. Designed by [https://www.retroplatform.com/ Cloanto]. used by C64 Forever and Amiga Forever software.
 
|}
 
==CHIP-8 formats==
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
|-
 
! scope="col"|<abbr title="File extension">File ext</abbr>
 
! scope="col"|Extension
 
! scope="col"|Notes
 
|-
 
|.c8, .ch8
 
|Original
 
|-
 
|.ch10
 
|CHIP-10
 
|-
 
|.c8b
 
|?
 
|[https://github.com/Timendus/chip8-binary-format proposed standard CHIP-8 binary file]
 
|-
 
|.c8h
 
|CHIP-8 with two page display (64x64)
 
|-
 
|.c8e
 
|CHIP-8E
 
|-
 
|.c8x
 
|CHIP-8X
 
|-
 
|.sc8
 
|S-CHIP
 
|-
 
|.mc8
 
|MegaChip8
 
|-
 
|.xo8
 
|XO-CHIP
 
|-
 
|.8o
 
|Octo
 
|Source file
 
 
|}
 
|}
__NOTOC__
 
=See also=
 
*[[Save disk space for ISOs]]
 
  
----
 
{{NEL}}
 
 
[[Category:FAQs]]
 
[[Category:FAQs]]

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