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Hypervisors are the source of the "host" and "guest" terminology since they help clarify the specific "machine" one refers to; the host is the physical hardware and it manages the guests. Most hypervisors try and support the Open Virtualization Format (OVF) to facilitate virtual appliances which are built for a specific purpose (such as running common server software like WordPress or MediaWiki). | Hypervisors are the source of the "host" and "guest" terminology since they help clarify the specific "machine" one refers to; the host is the physical hardware and it manages the guests. Most hypervisors try and support the Open Virtualization Format (OVF) to facilitate virtual appliances which are built for a specific purpose (such as running common server software like WordPress or MediaWiki). | ||
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==Type 2 hypervisors== | ==Type 2 hypervisors== | ||
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|[[VMware Workstation]] | |[[VMware Workstation]] | ||
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux}} | |align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux}} | ||
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|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} | |{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} | ||
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|UTM | |UTM | ||
− | |align=left|{{icon|macOS}} | + | |align=left|{{icon|macOS|iOS}} |
|[https://github.com/utmapp/UTM/releases {{UTMVer}}] | |[https://github.com/utmapp/UTM/releases {{UTMVer}}] | ||
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|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{?}} | |{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{?}} | ||
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;Virtual PC | ;Virtual PC | ||
:Microsoft's original offering for consumers, originally made by Connectix as commercial software until Microsoft made it a free download in 2006. Support ended with the introduction of Hyper-V but the last version can be downloaded [http://www.win3x.org/win3board/viewtopic.php?t=19227&language=en here]. Beware that it may cause issues on newer Windows so it's recommended that it's ran on older versions of Windows. As of modern updates of Windows 10 and Windows 11, it is completely impossible to use it. Hyper-V is the official successor, although it lacks support for guests before Windows XP or Windows Server 2003. | :Microsoft's original offering for consumers, originally made by Connectix as commercial software until Microsoft made it a free download in 2006. Support ended with the introduction of Hyper-V but the last version can be downloaded [http://www.win3x.org/win3board/viewtopic.php?t=19227&language=en here]. Beware that it may cause issues on newer Windows so it's recommended that it's ran on older versions of Windows. As of modern updates of Windows 10 and Windows 11, it is completely impossible to use it. Hyper-V is the official successor, although it lacks support for guests before Windows XP or Windows Server 2003. | ||
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==Type 1 hypervisors== | ==Type 1 hypervisors== | ||
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* ESXi (commercial hypervisor by VMware) | * ESXi (commercial hypervisor by VMware) | ||
* Xen (open-source hypervisor developed for the Linux kernel) | * Xen (open-source hypervisor developed for the Linux kernel) | ||
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* UnRAID (commercial NAS distribution with an integrated hypervisor) | * UnRAID (commercial NAS distribution with an integrated hypervisor) | ||
* Hyper-V (commercial hypervisor Microsoft developed for Windows. Requires a Pro, Enterprise, or Education version of Windows 8, 8.1, or 10) | * Hyper-V (commercial hypervisor Microsoft developed for Windows. Requires a Pro, Enterprise, or Education version of Windows 8, 8.1, or 10) | ||
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==Integrations== | ==Integrations== | ||
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If you're using Windows 10/11 for host OS you can use Hyper-V and GPU-P just like Linux GPU passthrough. [https://github.com/jamesstringerparsec/Easy-GPU-PV#prerequisites jamesstringerparsec's "Easy-GPU-PV" batch script] for making GPU Paravirtualization on Windows Hyper-V easier. | If you're using Windows 10/11 for host OS you can use Hyper-V and GPU-P just like Linux GPU passthrough. [https://github.com/jamesstringerparsec/Easy-GPU-PV#prerequisites jamesstringerparsec's "Easy-GPU-PV" batch script] for making GPU Paravirtualization on Windows Hyper-V easier. | ||
− | == | + | ==Emulation issues== |
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===Graphics=== | ===Graphics=== | ||
Hypervisors don't have direct access to the graphics hardware with few exceptions including Virgil/Virtio GPU available in QEMU (only works with Linux guests) and VMWare ESXi GPU passthrough, which means graphics card emulation is less than ideal for video games that use 3D APIs. However, 3D acceleration in hypervisors today is capable of running fairly demanding video games or other 3D applications with a few drawbacks such as limited DirectX API versions. Every hypervisor has a different approach to handling 3D graphics, and most of the time companion programs such as VMware Tools have to be installed in virtualized operating systems. Supports for OpenGL are slightly better than Direct3D since it doesn't have to be reverse engineered, but most Windows games (including ports) use Direct3D. | Hypervisors don't have direct access to the graphics hardware with few exceptions including Virgil/Virtio GPU available in QEMU (only works with Linux guests) and VMWare ESXi GPU passthrough, which means graphics card emulation is less than ideal for video games that use 3D APIs. However, 3D acceleration in hypervisors today is capable of running fairly demanding video games or other 3D applications with a few drawbacks such as limited DirectX API versions. Every hypervisor has a different approach to handling 3D graphics, and most of the time companion programs such as VMware Tools have to be installed in virtualized operating systems. Supports for OpenGL are slightly better than Direct3D since it doesn't have to be reverse engineered, but most Windows games (including ports) use Direct3D. | ||
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===Obscure, Abandoned, Beta or Experimental Operating Systems=== | ===Obscure, Abandoned, Beta or Experimental Operating Systems=== | ||
Despite many of the common operating systems including legacy ones such as MS-DOS, OS/2, Novell Netware, etc. are being supported by modern hypervisors, some obscure (e.g. [https://templeos.org/ TempleOS]), abandoned (e.g. [https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97 Chokanji 1~4]), beta or experimental (e.g. [https://betawiki.net/wiki/Windows_95 Windows "Chicago" Beta]) operating systems may still fall out of the range and having issues, especially when relying on specific hardware configuration or old quirks that no longer presents in modern PC hardware. | Despite many of the common operating systems including legacy ones such as MS-DOS, OS/2, Novell Netware, etc. are being supported by modern hypervisors, some obscure (e.g. [https://templeos.org/ TempleOS]), abandoned (e.g. [https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97 Chokanji 1~4]), beta or experimental (e.g. [https://betawiki.net/wiki/Windows_95 Windows "Chicago" Beta]) operating systems may still fall out of the range and having issues, especially when relying on specific hardware configuration or old quirks that no longer presents in modern PC hardware. | ||
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===Hyper-V feature conflict issue=== | ===Hyper-V feature conflict issue=== | ||
[https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/windows-client/application-management/virtualization-apps-not-work-with-hyper-v Many third-party Type 2 virtualization applications don't work together with Hyper-V feature from 'Control Panel/Windows Features']. Affected applications include "VMware Workstation" and "VirtualBox". These applications might not start virtual machines, or they may fall back to a slower, emulated mode ('''no''' VT-x and nested paging etc.) | [https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/windows-client/application-management/virtualization-apps-not-work-with-hyper-v Many third-party Type 2 virtualization applications don't work together with Hyper-V feature from 'Control Panel/Windows Features']. Affected applications include "VMware Workstation" and "VirtualBox". These applications might not start virtual machines, or they may fall back to a slower, emulated mode ('''no''' VT-x and nested paging etc.) | ||
− | + | Using a low-level [[POS_(Pong_Consoles)_CPUs_and_Other_Chips#x86_CPUs|x86 CPUs]] emulator to run these operating systems may ease out such problems but its significantly slower performance compared to [[Wikipedia:X86_virtualization#Hardware-assisted_virtualization|hardware-assisted]] [[Hypervisors]]. | |
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
− | + | * [[POS_(Pong_Consoles)_CPUs_and_Other_Chips#Intel_CPU.27s|Intel CPUs]] | |
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− | *[[POS_(Pong_Consoles)_CPUs_and_Other_Chips]] | ||
− | [[Category:Computers | + | [[Category:Computers]] |
[[Category:Not really emulators]] | [[Category:Not really emulators]] |