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Macintosh line

5,373 bytes added, 06:03, 18 May 2019
adding comparisons, x86 info, e-maculation, and expanded lead
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The '''[[wikipedia:Macintosh|Macintosh]]''' (/ˈmækɪntɒʃ/ ''MAK-in-tosh''; branded as '''Mac''' since 1998) is a family of personal computers designed, manufactured, and sold by Apple Inc. since January 1984. The original Macintosh was the first mass-market personal computer that featured a graphical user interface, built-in screen , and mouse, eschewing the command-line interface and/or BASIC interpreter that has had been the mainstay with for home computers since the late '70s. Apple sold the Macintosh alongside its popular [[Apple II Line|Apple II]] family of computers for almost ten years before they were discontinued in 1993, and later shortened the line to '''Mac''' in 1998.
Throughout its history the Macintosh computers came comprised three processor architectures that represented the three commonly known generations. From its launch in 1984 up until 1994, Apple sold Macintoshes with the Motorola 68k family of CPUs. In the early 90s, Apple partnered with their own Motorola and IBM to create the Power architecture, using a CPU brand called PowerPC and naming some models accordingly like Power Mac. They then switched to x86 in2006, explaining that Power failed to be competitive with Intel's Pentium M series. Macintosh computers have always included a platform-house exclusive operating system that never had a consistent name.<ref group=N>It used to be called System or System Software until version 8, when it was renamed Mac OS since their introductionin 1997. Version 10 was named Mac OS X in 2000, and when version 10.8 was released in 2012, initially known as it was shortened to OS X and then macOS when version 10.12 was released in 2016. Don'''Macintosh t try to make sense of this.</ref> Old World ROMs used System Software''' 1-7, and Mac OS 8 and later as '''9 gradually dropped 68k support in favor of PowerPC. When Mac OSX was released in 2001, it required a New World ROM.<ref group=N>Though that didn'''; t stop some programmers from making bootloaders for the very late Old World ROM models that used PowerPC.</ref> Some quick ways to distinguish an Old from a New World ROM is by checking for a built-in floppy drive and/or USB port. Old World ROMs used ADB for keyboard and mouse connectivity, whereas a New World ROM would have a USB port and no floppy drive. Mac OS X, which had has different underpinnings to from its predecessor, was introduced for PowerPC Macs in 2000 and is still in active development to this day, albeit now supporting for x86 (and ARM especially with for its mobile derivative cousin [[iOS emulators|iOS]]). A ton of Macintosh emulators have appeared over the years, some early in the system's release and others as late as a few years ago. Apple has strict terms about how their operating systems are used, which forces most emulators to maintain a macOS port to some degree. It should be noted that we do not aim to be the last word on Mac emulation; there's a community called E-Maculation that covers this more thoroughly, as they offer builds for many of the emulators shown here on their forums. We'll either be further ahead or severely behind.
==Emulators==
===68k===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! scope="col"|Name
! scope="col"|Operating System(s)
|-
|[[Mini vMac]]
|Multi-platformWindows, macOS, Linux|[httphttps://www.gryphel.com/c/minivmac/indexdownload.html 3.5.8]
|{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
|-
|[[Basilisk II]]
|Multi-platformWindows, macOS, Linux
|[https://github.com/cebix/macemu 1.0 R5]
|{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
|-
|[[Ardi Executor]]
|Microsoft DOS, Windows, Linux, Mac OS X NeXTSTEP|[https://github.com/ctm/executor 2.1.17]
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|MAME
|Windows, macOS, Linux
|[https://www.mamedev.org/release.html {{MAMEVer}}]
|{{✓}} ||{{na|text=TBD}}
|-
|<abbr title="PC Emulator">PCE</abbr>
|Windows, macOS, Linux
|[http://www.hampa.ch/pce/download.html 0.2.2]
|{{~}} ||{{na|text=TBD}}
|}
 
;Basilisk II
:An emulator targeting the "Mac Classic" and "Mac II" lines. The successor to Basilisk, a similar emulator for Linux and BeOS, it works by providing replacement drivers for components that would normally be hardware (a sort of HLE approach). Aside from the usual Windows, macOS, and Linux ports, Basilisk II also received an acclaimed PSP port (by way of homebrew).
 
;Mini vMac
:The successor to vMac, an older emulator. Targets the Macintosh Plus, but is known to support other models.
 
;[[Ardi Executor]]
:An old compatibility layer and emulator. It used an HLE approach to get applications working as opposed to OS emulation. However, it lacks any kind of networking support and is also riddled with compatibility issues.
 
;[[MAME]]
:To say it's a multi-system emulator would be an understatement. It covers a wide range of electronic history, with its namesake being arcade machines. Just typing in "Macintosh" will list basically everything Mac-related like the original Macintosh 128K (unfortunately labelled as Not Working) and the Macintosh II (which is OK). [https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/0f028a8bd2afcb32ccdab0291eb3a798a98a1afc/src/mame/machine/mac.cpp#L14 See the full list here.]
 
;PCE <small>(PC Emulator)</small>
:A multi-system emulator. One of the computers it targets is the Macintosh Plus. Stables used to release every two years but stopped in 2013. A snapshot exists for December 2018 however, which suggests that the project isn't completely dead.
===PowerPC===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! scope="col"|Name
! scope="col"|Operating System(s)
|-
|[[SheepShaver]]
|Multi-platformWindows, macOS, Linux
|[https://github.com/cebix/macemu 2.4]
|{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
|-
|[[PearPC]]
|FreeBSDWindows, macOS, Linux, Microsoft Windows
|[https://github.com/sebastianbiallas/pearpc 0.6.0]
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
|Mac OS X v10.4 "Tiger"
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}}
|-
|QEMU
|Windows, macOS, Linux
|4.0.0
|{{✓}} ||{{na|text=TBD}}
|-
|[[Rosetta]]
|}
===Comparisons===;SheepShaver;Sheepshaver: HasnAn open-source "run-time environment" that includes a PowerPC emulator for non-PowerPC systems. Originally commercial software, it is the companion app of Basilisk II, which emulates 68k Macs. It hasn't seen significant development in a while, yet it runs most if not all Mac OS applications in full speed on any Windows PC. It can interface with and copy files to and from host hardware, but suffers from the lack of memory management unit support, not to mention that it is riddled with hacks and workarounds, which accounts for why some applications such as the default bundled Internet Explorer crashes flat-outcrashes, and can only run up to 9.0.4. Like Basilisk and vMac, it needs a firmware image from a working Mac. ;ExecutorPearPC: Unlike most other This emulator had been developed since 2004 and marketed itself as a Mac OS emulatorson Windows solution. However, Executor operates more or less like Wine in that it translates API calls encountered controversy when another team announced the closed-source CherryOS, which aimed to do the same thing and was revealed to equivalent calls in have used [[source code|code]] from PearPC (violating its host OS and negates license). PearPC lacks a usable interface (all that's available is the need "Change CD" button), so using a frontend may be necessary. ;[[QEMU]]:Known for any copyrighted ROM fileits presence as an x86 hypervisor, saving people the legal trouble QEMU emulates a wide range of hunting for firmwarearchitectures. HoweverIn 2015, it lacks any kind a Google Summer of networking Code event brought PowerPC Macintosh support from a curiosity to a possibility and it now supports [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1T0kkk8WpQ-eWBIdxBnXWCfeyClVVLJyXvvF2NED2U6Q/view a specific range of versions] as of 2017. Like PearPC, QEMU is run from a shell. ;Rosetta:Apple's official PowerPC emulator for x86-based Macs included in Tiger (10.4.4). Though it wasn't included in Snow Leopard, it was still possible to transfer it from a previous Leopard install. It was removed entirely in OS X Lion. A compatibility list is available [https://web.archive.org/web/20060208152806/http://guides.macrumors.com/Rosetta_incompatibilities here]. ===x86==='''No Intel Mac emulators exist.''' However, using [https://github.com/DrDonk/unlocker macOS Unlocker for VMware], for example, you can patch VMware products to run macOS in a virtual machine. [https://github.com/img2tab/okiomov A script] has also riddled with compatibility issuesemerged that allows one to install macOS Mojave in VirtualBox. If you want to run modern macOS software without a Mac, those are your two best options. ==Resources==*[https://www.emaculation.com/doku.php '''E-Maculation'''] - This links to their wiki, but they also have a forum that's "super busy." They provide setup guides and builds when the emulators themselves don't==Notes==<references group=N />
{{Apple}}
[[Category:Computers]]
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