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	<updated>2026-09-16T15:32:18Z</updated>
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		<id>https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Frontends&amp;diff=149722</id>
		<title>Frontends</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Frontends&amp;diff=149722"/>
		<updated>2026-09-04T17:43:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Harimepuffle: /* Integrated emulator types */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{For|frontend and launcher software that runs on consoles and handhelds|Homebrew and ROM hacks#Launchers}}&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Frontends&#039;&#039;&#039; are programs that address a quality-of-life issue that emulators may not fulfill. For example, some emulator developers skip the user interface portion of development by having the user launch them from the command line. This usually means opening Command Prompt in the folder where the emulator is installed and typing something like &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;emulator.exe game.rom&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;. From a usability perspective, this is not optimal; running emulators from a shell can be considered tedious if commands aren&#039;t already scripted by the user (and they can&#039;t be expected to know how to set up such a thing if their first time loading the program is a black window that pops up and then disappears). To avoid this, many emulators will try to incorporate some kind of &#039;&#039;graphical user interface (GUI)&#039;&#039; in their standalone builds. For the emulators that never receive one however, a separate frontend project usually emerges.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The term &amp;quot;Frontend application&amp;quot; can sometimes be confused with [[Multi-system_emulators|multi-system emulators]] and [[ROM managers]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;gallery mode=&amp;quot;packed&amp;quot; heights=&amp;quot;420px&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;float: right;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
openemu-wimp.png|[[OpenEmu]] with a &amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Windows, Icons, Menus, Pointer&amp;quot;&amp;gt;WIMP&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt; interface&lt;br /&gt;
attractmode-htpc.png|Attract-Mode with a HTPC interface&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/gallery&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) ==&lt;br /&gt;
Frontends have different types of GUIs, here we have categorized them as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
; WIMP : [[wikipedia:WIMP (computing)|WIMP]] stands for &amp;quot;Windows, Icons, Menus and a Pointer&amp;quot;. This is a GUI based on one or several window(s) and it&#039;s normally controlled by a mouse. Examples of this type of interface are [[LaunchBox]] and [[OpenEmu]].&lt;br /&gt;
; HTPC : [[wikipedia:Home theater PC|HTPC]] stands for &amp;quot;Home theater PC&amp;quot;. This type of interface is often intended for viewing on a big screen, such as a TV or arcade monitor. Normally the navigation is optimized for joysticks or gamepads, although they often work with keyboard controls as well. [[RetroArch]], [[HyperSpin]] and [[MAME]]&#039;s integrated frontend &#039;&#039;MEWUI&#039;&#039; or Steam, PCSX2 and DuckStation&#039;s &#039;&#039;Big Picture Mode&#039;&#039; are examples of this interface.&lt;br /&gt;
; Touch : A touch interface is often similar to a HTPC interface, the difference is that they are intended for touch screens. This is mostly found in Android frontends intended for smartphones and tablet computers.&lt;br /&gt;
; CLI : A command-line interface operated through terminal commands or executable arguments, offering no graphical elements.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Launcher types ==&lt;br /&gt;
These &amp;quot;Launchers&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Executors&amp;quot; use their own graphical interface to start emulators. They&#039;re generally very adaptive and can support different arguments between emulators to ease integration. These frontends can be used with almost any emulator of your choosing, as long as they support command-line arguments.&amp;lt;!--&lt;br /&gt;
TODO: Should probably find a multi-platorm WIMP and HTPC type to recommend. --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border-width: 2px; text-align: center; width: 67%;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Name&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Interface(s)&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Active&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! colspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background: repeating-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent, transparent 10px, #e4e4e4 10px, #e4e4e4 20px); border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 1.05em; font-style: italic;&amp;quot; | x86&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[EmulationStation|ES-DE]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.es-de.org/#Download {{EmulationStation Desktop EditionVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Playnite]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://playnite.link/download.html {{PlayniteVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP • HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[LaunchBox]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.launchbox-app.com/download {{LaunchBoxVer}} (Free)]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://www.launchbox-app.com/premium Premium (US$75)]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP • HTPC&amp;lt;ref group=&amp;quot;A&amp;quot; name=&amp;quot;launchbox&amp;quot;&amp;gt;This feature is called &#039;&#039;Big Box&#039;&#039; and is only available in the premium (paid) version.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Limited}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/quinton-ashley/nostlan Nostlan]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://qashto.itch.io/nostlan {{NostlanVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP • HTPC • Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Limited}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://lutris.net Lutris]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://lutris.net/downloads 0.5.7.1]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Limited}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/drpetersonfernandes/SimpleLauncher Simple Launcher]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/drpetersonfernandes/SimpleLauncher/releases 5.1.0]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Limited}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [http://guerilla.bplaced.net/x86WinSoft.html All Stars Launcher]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [http://guerilla.bplaced.net/x86WinSoft.html 2024.030]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://www.mgalaxy.com mGalaxy]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.mgalaxy.com/download.html {{mgalaxyVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://pegasus-frontend.org Pegasus]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://pegasus-frontend.org/#downloads Alpha 16]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Intermittent}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://www.gameex.com GameEx]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.gameex.info/forums/files/category/33-gameex-installs {{GameExVer}} (Free)]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://www.gameex.info/forums/store/category/4-gameex-pinballx-and-spesoft-products Lifetime pass (US$60)]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/tkashkin/gamehub GameHub]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/tkashkin/GameHub/releases/tag/0.16.3-2-master 0.16.3-2-master]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [http://attractmode.org Attract-Mode]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [http://attractmode.org/download.html 2.7.0]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [http://quickplay.sourceforge.net QuickPlay]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://sourceforge.net/projects/quickplay/files/latest/download?source=files 4.7.6]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|BSD3}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://www.simui.net SimUI]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.simui.net/api/download.php?url=12 3.1 (Windows)]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://down.simui.net/simUI_v2.6.dmg 2.6 (macOS)]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[RetroFE]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [http://retrofe.nl/download 0.10.31]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[EmulationStation]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://emulationstation.org/index.html#download 2.0.1a]&amp;lt;br/ &amp;gt;[https://github.com/RetroPie/EmulationStation RetroPie fork]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://www.metropolis-launcher.net Metropolis Launcher]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/theMK2k/MetropolisLauncher/releases git]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [http://feelfrontend.altervista.org FEEL]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [http://feelfrontend.altervista.org/download 1.9.8.5]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://oldtools.github.io/skeletonkey/index.html skeletonKeY]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/oldtools/skeletonkey git]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP • CLI&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[HyperSpin]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://hyperspin-fe.com/files/category/761-hyperspin-windows 1.5.1]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://emuloader.mameworld.info Emu Loader]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://emuloader.mameworld.info/downloads.htm {{Emu LoaderVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://terminallaunch.blogspot.com Terminal Launch]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://terminallaunch.blogspot.com {{Terminal LaunchVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | CLI&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://www.maximus-arcade.com Maximus Arcade]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.maximus-arcade.com/pages/maximus-arcade-trial ?.? (30-day trial)]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://www.maximus-arcade.com/products/maximus-arcade-software-registration-code Licenced (US$24.99)]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://emuloader.mameworld.info/emucon EmuCon]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://emuloader.mameworld.info/emucon/downloads.htm 2.7.7]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [http://emucenter.2.free.fr EmuCenter 2]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [http://emucenter.2.free.fr/website/ENG/download.html 7.1.0.1]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[http://emucenter.2.free.fr/dev Dev 7.1.0.232]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [http://lusspace.free.fr LusSpace]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [http://lusspace.free.fr/modules/news 1.23]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[RetroDECK]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://flathub.org/apps/details/net.retrodeck.retrodeck {{RetroDECKVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[EmuHub]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/Tw1tchy0/EmuHub/releases {{EmuHubVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP • HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://neostation.dev/ NeoStation]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/miguelsotobaez/neostation-frontend/releases beta]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! colspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background: repeating-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent, transparent 10px, #e4e4e4 10px, #e4e4e4 20px); border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 1.05em; font-style: italic;&amp;quot; | ARM&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/drpetersonfernandes/SimpleLauncher Simple Launcher]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/drpetersonfernandes/SimpleLauncher/releases 5.1.0]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://cocoon-shell.com/ Cocoon Shell]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/inssekt/CocoonFE/ Beta 3.0]&lt;br /&gt;
 | Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Daijishō]] (台字章)&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/magneticchen/Daijishou {{DaijishōVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC • Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[EmulationStation|ES-DE]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.es-de.org/#Download {{EmulationStation Desktop EditionVer}}] ([https://www.patreon.com/es_de US$5.50]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://galaxystore.samsung.com/detail/org.es_de.frontend.galaxy US$6.50])&lt;br /&gt;
 | Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&amp;lt;ref group=&amp;quot;A&amp;quot; name=&amp;quot;esde&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[https://gitlab.com/es-de/emulationstation-de/-/blob/master/FAQ-ANDROID.md#is-it-available-for-free-and-is-it-open-source Android release is not free and contains proprietary code.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
![https://iisu.network/ iiSU]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/iisu-network/iiSU Alpha 0.0.7.3]&lt;br /&gt;
|Touch&lt;br /&gt;
| {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
| {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
| {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/utkarshdalal/GameNative GameNative]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/utkarshdalal/GameNative/releases/tag/v0.8.1 0.8.1]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://github.com/utkarshdalal/GameNative/releases/tag/v0.9.0-prerelease 0.9.0] &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(pre-release)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 | Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Limited}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/oxters168/Pluvia Pluvia]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/oxters168/Pluvia/releases 1.3.2]&lt;br /&gt;
 | Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Limited}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[EmulationStation]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|LinuxARM}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://emulationstation.org/index.html#download 2.0.1a]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://github.com/RetroPie/EmulationStation RetroPie fork]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&amp;lt;ref group=&amp;quot;A&amp;quot; name=&amp;quot;emulationstation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Only the [https://github.com/RetroPie/EmulationStation RetroPie fork]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Limited}}&amp;lt;ref group=&amp;quot;A&amp;quot; name=&amp;quot;emulationstation&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://gamehub.xiaoji.com GameSir GameHub]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://gamehub.xiaoji.com 3.0.5]&lt;br /&gt;
 | Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&amp;lt;ref group=&amp;quot;A&amp;quot; name=&amp;quot;gamesirgamehub&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Some users have expressed concerns about the app&#039;s stability and security.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [http://attractmode.org Attract-Mode]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|LinuxARM}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [http://attractmode.org/download.html 2.7.0]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://pegasus-frontend.org Pegasus]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Android}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|LinuxARM}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://pegasus-frontend.org/#downloads Alpha 16]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC • Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! RESET Collection&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Android}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|AndroidTV}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.retroloungelab.resetcollection 1.1.29 (US$4.99)]&lt;br /&gt;
 | Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://arcbrowser.com/ ARC Browser]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.floatingpoint.android.arcturus 1.26.1 (US$7.49)]&lt;br /&gt;
 | Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[HyperSpin]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://hyperspin-fe.com/files/category/445-hyperspin-android 1.1]&lt;br /&gt;
 | Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://digdroid.com Dig]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.digdroid.alman.dig 1.44.3] {{IAP}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://neostation.dev/ NeoStation]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Android|LinuxARM|AndroidTV}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/miguelsotobaez/neostation-frontend/releases beta]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC • Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! colspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background: repeating-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent, transparent 10px, #e4e4e4 10px, #e4e4e4 20px); border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 1.05em; font-style: italic;&amp;quot; | Misc&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! RetroAssembly&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/arianrhodsandlot/retroassembly/releases/ {{RetroAssemblyVer}}]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://retroassembly.com/demo Live demo]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|MIT}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=&amp;quot;A&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Comparisons ===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- *** READ THIS FIRST ***&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Recommended frontends are the best in their category. If two frontends have different (common) use cases they can both be recommended. Different use cases might include: available on another platform, different interface type, etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The comparison text should compare the frontend to other frontends. Why should, or shouldn&#039;t you use this frontend?&lt;br /&gt;
--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==== x86 ====&lt;br /&gt;
; [[LaunchBox]] : Was originally built as an attractive front-end for [[DOSBox]] but has since expanded to support both modern PC games and emulated console platforms. It comes with an integrated metadata scraper, and the interface is highly customizable, likely the most customizable alongside HyperSpin, but only with a license for the premium version. Premium also includes Big Box, which is an HTPC version of the frontend. Launchbox can also be launched natively from Kodi.&lt;br /&gt;
; [http://attractmode.org Attract-Mode] : A graphical frontend for command-line emulators with a completely customizable appearance. It hides the underlying operating system and is intended to be controlled with a joystick, gamepad or spin dial, making it ideal for use in arcade cabinets. Attract-Mode is open source and runs on Linux, macOS, and Windows.&lt;br /&gt;
:; [https://github.com/oomek/attractplus/ Attract-Mode Plus] : Attract-Mode Plus is a fork of Attract-Mode, enhanced by numerous community-driven improvements, fixes, and features. Licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 3 or later.&lt;br /&gt;
; [http://quickplay.sourceforge.net QuickPlay] : An excellent FOSS alternative to LaunchBox. It has a WIMP style interface and is Windows only. Compared to LaunchBox it has less eye-candy but it requires a lot less system resources, it&#039;s blazing-fast and slow down-free.&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://github.com/drpetersonfernandes/SimpleLauncher Simple Launcher] : Simple Launcher is a WIMP Open Source emulator frontend that streamlines retro gaming on Windows. It offers cover art display, multi-emulator support, gamepad functionality, and user-friendly features, all without the need for rom databases. Users can easily configure cover art size, gamepad support, systems, emulators, rom folders, and more. Has Windows-x64 version and available for Windows-ARM64.&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://romjacket.github.io/skeletonkey/index.html skeletonKeY] : According to the author, skeletonKeY is &#039;&#039;a unified interface for ROMs emulators and frontends&#039;&#039;. A dynamic GUI provides granular options for MAME, snes9x, mednafen, emulationStation, retroFE, PegasusFE and a very comprehensive interface for RetroArch (including netplay). SkeletonKeY integrates and supports the installation of hundreds of emulators. SkeletonKeY is free, open source and very ugly.&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://playnite.link Playnite] : A great general gaming frontend for Windows. Version 9 greatly expanded emulation support, and better arcade support is planned. For something similar on Linux, check out Lutris.&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://lutris.net Lutris] : A great general gaming frontend for GNU/Linux, with support for running Windows games with [[Wine]] and [[Proton]]. However, for the emulation use cases it has some downsides, such as: there is no bulk import for ROMs. There is a [https://github.com/hwangeug/lutris-bulk-adder lutris-bulk-adder] script which might solve this.&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://github.com/tkashkin/gamehub GameHub] : A general gaming frontend for Linux. At the moment it&#039;s not useful for huge ROM collections as it [https://github.com/tkashkin/GameHub/issues/103 seems to crash] when bulk importing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://neogamelab.com/ NeoStation]: A modern, lightweight cross-platform frontend that emphasizes UX/UI and features NeoSync, a built-in cloud service for syncing RetroArch save states across devices.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== ARM ====&lt;br /&gt;
; [[Daijishō]] : Gives a console-like user interface for Android devices, capable of scraping boxart and providing metadata for many games and platforms, launching games for any compatible emulator app or core on Android, and applying custom wallpaper themes, including downloadable themes. Also has widgets and can track the user&#039;s RetroAchievements profile.&lt;br /&gt;
; [[EmulationStation|ES-DE]] : An Android port of ES-DE, this also provides a console-like user interface for Android devices; however, the Android version requires a one-time payment/Patreon subscription to download and use, and can be updated for free. It has similar features to Daijisho, but theming the user interface is more customizable than Daijisho.&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://digdroid.com/ Dig] : An older frontend for Android with a simple touch-friendly user interface, capable of launching games for any compatible emulator app.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Integrated emulator types ==&lt;br /&gt;
These &amp;quot;frontends&amp;quot; have a graphical user interface that lets you launch emulators that are included with the system, meaning it&#039;s not possible (or difficult) to incorporate other emulators. They may or may not contain original emulator cores. If a program has mostly original cores, then it&#039;s called a [[Multi-system emulators|multi-system emulator]] and is not included here. If you&#039;re looking for a full Linux distribution to run on a Raspberry Pi or similar, check out our [[Emulation Boxes#DIY Solutions|Emulation Boxes]] page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border-width: 2px; text-align: center; width: 67%;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Name&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Interface(s)&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Active&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! colspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background: repeating-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent, transparent 10px, #e4e4e4 10px, #e4e4e4 20px); border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 1.05em; font-style: italic;&amp;quot; | PC / x86&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[OpenEmu]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [http://openemu.org {{OpenEmuVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|BSD3}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Stalled}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://www.emudeck.com/ EmuDeck]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Win}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.emudeck.com/#download {{EmuDeckVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Lakka]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.lakka.tv {{LakkaVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Unknown}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[RetroPie]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Linux}}&amp;lt;ref group=&amp;quot;I&amp;quot; name=&amp;quot;retropie&amp;quot;&amp;gt;RetroPie for x86 Linux is only available for Ubuntu- (16.04 LTS or later) and Debian-based distributions. See these [https://retropie.org.uk/docs/Debian installation instructions].&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://retropie.org.uk/download {{RetroPieVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Limited}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[BizHawk]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Win}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [http://tasvideos.org/Bizhawk.html {{BizHawkVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}})&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{License|GPL}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[RetroBat]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.retrobat.org/download/ {{RetroBatVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|LGPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Provenance]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|iOS}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|AppleTV}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/Provenance-Emu/Provenance/releases {{ProvenanceVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|BSD3}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/bmsuseluda/emuze/ emuze]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Win}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/bmsuseluda/emuze/releases/ {{EmuzeVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC • WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! colspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background: repeating-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent, transparent 10px, #e4e4e4 10px, #e4e4e4 20px); border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 1.05em; font-style: italic;&amp;quot; | Mobile / ARM&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[RetroPie]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|LinuxARM}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://retropie.org.uk/download {{RetroPieVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Lakka]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|LinuxARM}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.lakka.tv {{LakkaVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Unknown}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://www.emudeck.com/ EmuDeck]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.emudeck.com/#download 2.1.0]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|BSD3}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! colspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background: repeating-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent, transparent 10px, #e4e4e4 10px, #e4e4e4 20px); border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 1.05em; font-style: italic;&amp;quot; | Consoles&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! CoinOPS&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Xbox}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Unknown}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Unknown}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!Tico&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Icon|Switch}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/ticohq/tico/releases/tag/0.7.9 0.7.9]&lt;br /&gt;
|HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=&amp;quot;I&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Comparisons ===&lt;br /&gt;
; OpenEmu : A frontend for various emulators that run under macOS.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Launcher mods ==&lt;br /&gt;
These programs aren&#039;t launchers themselves, but instead tools for changing other launchers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border-width: 2px; text-align: center; width: 67%;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Name&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Interface(s)&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Active&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! colspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background: repeating-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent, transparent 10px, #e4e4e4 10px, #e4e4e4 20px); border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 1.05em; font-style: italic;&amp;quot; | PC / x86&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/doZennn/steam-rom-manager Steam ROM Manager]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/doZennn/steam-rom-manager/releases 2.5.29]&lt;br /&gt;
 | placeholder text&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://scottrice.github.io/Ice Ice]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/scottrice/Ice/releases 1.0.0]&lt;br /&gt;
 | placeholder text&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://www.byond.com/games/Mistamage123/UIXEmulatorinatorforCoolpeople UIX Emulatorinator]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | 2.8&lt;br /&gt;
 | placeholder text&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Yellow}} Open-source planned&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Comparisons ===&lt;br /&gt;
; Steam ROM Manager : A tool that adds emulator launching capabilities to the Steam client.&lt;br /&gt;
; UIX Emulatorinator : This tool allows users to compile a centralized retro library and export it to other major frontends like LaunchBox and Playnite. While built primarily as a manager and exporter, it features its own functional interface so it can be used as a launcher by itself.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Project-specific frontends ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== [[Libretro]] ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border-width: 2px; text-align: center; width: 95%;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Name&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Core support&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Interface(s)&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Active&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background: repeating-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent, transparent 10px, #e4e4e4 10px, #e4e4e4 20px); border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 1.05em; font-style: italic;&amp;quot; | PC / x86&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[RetroArch]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|ChromeOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.retroarch.com/index.php?page=platforms {{RetroArchVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=Full&amp;lt;ref group=&amp;quot;B&amp;quot; name=&amp;quot;retroarch&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Limited by system hardware.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC • WIMP&amp;lt;ref group=&amp;quot;B&amp;quot; name=&amp;quot;retroarch2&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Press &amp;lt;kbd style=&amp;quot;background-color: #e3e6e8; border: thin solid #babfc5; border-radius: 4px; box-shadow: 0 1px 1px #0c0d0e26, inset 0 1px 0 0 #fff; color: #0c0d0e; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.8em; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.45; margin: 0 0.1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0.15em 0.6em; text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #fff;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;F5&amp;lt;/kbd&amp;gt; for WIMP interface; only available on Windows and Linux.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://ludo.libretro.com Ludo]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/libretro/ludo/releases {{LudoVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | Most non-GL cores&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Games Games (Gnome)]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Games/Documentation#Installing_Games 3.36]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=[https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Games/Documentation#Supported_platforms Limited]}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Limited}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://www.retrix.me RetriX]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/Aftnet/RetriX/releases/tag/RetriX-2.1.77.0 2.1.77.0]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=[https://gitlab.com/aftnet/LibRetriX#available-libretro-cores Limited]}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP • Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|BSD3}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Sporadic}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! minir&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/Alcaro/minir git]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Limited}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|BSD3}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Phoenix (frontend)|Phoenix]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/team-phoenix/Phoenix/releases git (pre-alpha)]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Limited}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background: repeating-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent, transparent 10px, #e4e4e4 10px, #e4e4e4 20px); border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 1.05em; font-style: italic;&amp;quot; | Mobile / ARM&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[RetroArch]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Android}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|iOS}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|AppleTV}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|LinuxARM}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|SteamLink}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|ChromeOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.retroarch.com/index.php?page=platforms {{RetroArchVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=Full&amp;lt;ref group=&amp;quot;B&amp;quot; name=&amp;quot;retroarch&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC • Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [http://blast16.tripware.es/ Blast16]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|LinuxARM}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [http://blast16.tripware.es/#downloads 1.0.18]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;({{#formatdate:2020-01-18|ISO 8601}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | Genesis Plus GX • PicoDrive&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [http://sneses.tripware.es/ SNESES]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|LinuxARM}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [http://sneses.tripware.es/#downloads 1.0.7]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;({{#formatdate:2020-01-22|ISO 8601}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | Snes9x?&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://ludo.libretro.com Ludo]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|LinuxARM}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/libretro/ludo/releases git]&lt;br /&gt;
 | Most non-GL cores&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://www.retrix.me RetriX]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Win}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Win10Phone}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/Aftnet/RetriX/releases/tag/RetriX-2.1.77.0 2.1.77.0]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=[https://gitlab.com/aftnet/LibRetriX#available-libretro-cores Limited]}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP • Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|BSD3}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Sporadic}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Limited}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Lemuroid]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.swordfish.lemuroid 1.15.0]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=[https://github.com/Swordfish90/Lemuroid#supported-systems Limited]}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | Touch&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background: repeating-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent, transparent 10px, #e4e4e4 10px, #e4e4e4 20px); border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 1.05em; font-style: italic;&amp;quot; | Consoles&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[RetroArch]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | style=&amp;quot;width: 22em;&amp;quot; | {{Icon|XboxOne}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Xbox}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|PS4}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|PS3}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|PS2}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|PSVita}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|PSP}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Switch}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|WiiU}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Wii}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|GameCube}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|3DS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.retroarch.com/index.php?page=platforms {{RetroArchVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=Full&amp;lt;ref group=&amp;quot;B&amp;quot; name=&amp;quot;retroarch&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://www.retrix.me RetriX]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|XboxOne}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/Aftnet/RetriX/releases/tag/RetriX-2.1.77.0]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=[https://gitlab.com/aftnet/LibRetriX#available-libretro-cores Limited]}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|BSD3}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Sporadic}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=&amp;quot;B&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Comparison ====&lt;br /&gt;
; [[RetroArch]] : The flagship project for libretro, and the most widely available.&lt;br /&gt;
; [[Lemuroid]] : Lighter, cut-down Retroarch alternative for Android.&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://ludo.libretro.com Ludo] : A minimalist HTPC frontend with sane default settings, configuration is always optional.&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Games Games (Gnome)] : A Linux launcher for PC games and a libretro frontend. Very easy to use, almost no setup. You&#039;ll need the GNOME Settings app to be able to bulk add ROMs.&lt;br /&gt;
; [http://blast16.tripware.es Blast16] : Really nice looking frontend for Raspberry Pi that only support [[Sega Genesis emulators|Sega Genesis]] games. Has a similar UI to the NES/SNES Classic Edition.&lt;br /&gt;
; [http://sneses.tripware.es SNESES] : Same as Blast16 but for [[Super Nintendo emulators|Super Nintendo]] games.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;hr/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== [[MAME]] ===&lt;br /&gt;
MAME was originally designed as a command-line program. However, when the project relicensed as open source in February 2016, they merged the frontend [https://dankan1890.github.io/mewui MEWUI] into the main project as part of the MAME executable. MEWUI uses the ten-foot interface philosophy which accounts for large television displays where the user is expected to use a TV remote-like input device to navigate the menus. However, MAME still supports command-line arguments, so many old launchers still work with newer versions.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border-width: 2px; text-align: center; width: 67%;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Name&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Interface(s)&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Active&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! colspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background: repeating-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent, transparent 10px, #e4e4e4 10px, #e4e4e4 20px); border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 1.05em; font-style: italic;&amp;quot; | PC / x86&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://sourceforge.net/projects/pfemame pfeMAME]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://sourceforge.net/projects/pfemame/files {{pfeMAMEVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text={{License|NC}}}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [http://erockus.elementfx.com/arcade.html Erockus Arcade]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [http://erockus.elementfx.com/arcade.html {{Erockus ArcadeVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text={{License|Proprietary}}}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/strippato/gnome-arcade gnome-arcade]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/strippato/gnome-arcade#building {{gnome-arcadeVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/ksherlock/ample Ample]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/ksherlock/ample/releases/ {{AmpleVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://john-iv.github.io/iv-play/ IV/Play]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://john-iv.github.io/iv-play/ {{IV/PlayVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://www.macmess.org/ MacMAME]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Mac}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.macmess.org/ {{MacMAMEVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{green}} {{License|GPLv2}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [http://babelsoft.net/products/negatron.htm Negatron]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/xinyingho/Negatron {{NegatronVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/qmc2/qmc2-mame-fe QMC2]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|FreeBSD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/qmc2/qmc2-mame-fe/releases {{QMC2Ver}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | HTPC&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://superiorcode.gitlab.io/mamefave/ MameFave]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://superiorcode.gitlab.io/mamefave/ 1.0.1.1]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://sourceforge.net/projects/mameplus M+GUI]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.emucr.com/search/label/MAMEPGUI?&amp;amp;max-results=12 1.8.2]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Comparison ====&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://sourceforge.net/projects/pfemame pfeMAME] : Python front end for MAME that can run in Linux and Windows. It also includes a pretty graphical Tile View designed for MAME cabinets which allows control using joystick/gamepad. pfeMAME was written by Gareth Finch and the development project started in 2014.&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://github.com/strippato/gnome-arcade gnome-arcade] : A minimal MAME frontend using GTK+ 3. On some Linux distros, you have gnome-video-arcade package: Simple MAME frontend. Available on Ubuntu 16.04+ on official repo.&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://github.com/ksherlock/ample Ample] : A user-friendly open source front-end for using MAME. Started out as an Apple II-series emulator. Recently expanded to include Classic Mac, Tandy TRS-80 and Compatibles, Oric, Atari ST, and more. Requires macOS 10.11+.&lt;br /&gt;
; [http://babelsoft.net/products/negatron.htm Negatron] : An [https://github.com/xinyingho/Negatron intuitive and info-oriented front-end] for MAME; &amp;amp; a prettier derivative of ageing MAME32/MAMEUI. For computers and consoles, it needs builds of the [http://babelsoft.net/products/negamame.htm NegaMAME] derivative. For arcade games only, you can use Negatron with regular MAME instead.&lt;br /&gt;
; [http://qmc2.batcom-it.net QMC2] : QMC2 is a multi-platform MAME/MESS/UME frontend.&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://superiorcode.gitlab.io/mamefave/ MameFave] : A Windows-only frontend launched in March 2022&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;mamefave_reddit&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Reddit thread: [https://www.reddit.com/r/MAME/comments/tpsvvl/new_windows_gui_for_mame MameFave GUI for MAME]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Creator intends for this to be a simple way to manage hundreds of ROMs.&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The favorites database can be filtered to help you find the game you want to play.&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Works with many versions of MAME (32 and 64-bit).&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Optional artwork download includes icons and marquees for all the classics!&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Links to your favorite games can be made in just a few mouse clicks.&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Games can be played directly from the ROM picker and search windows.&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;hr/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== [[DOSBox]] ===&lt;br /&gt;
Because DOSBox doesn&#039;t have a GUI, projects were made to fulfill that role. More information about them is available on the [https://www.dosbox.com/wiki/DOSBoxFrontends DOSBox Wiki].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border-width: 2px; text-align: center; width: 67%;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Name&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Interface(s)&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Active&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! colspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background: repeating-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent, transparent 10px, #e4e4e4 10px, #e4e4e4 20px); border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 1.05em; font-style: italic;&amp;quot; | PC / x86&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://dbgl.org DOSBox Game Launcher]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://dbgl.org/#download {{DOSBox Game LauncherVer}} (Stable)]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://dbgl.org/beta 0.100 Beta 17 (Dev)]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv2}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[LaunchBox]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.launchbox-app.com/download {{LaunchBoxVer}} (Free)]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://www.launchbox-app.com/premium Premium (75 US$)]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://www.launchbox-app.com/android-download {{LaunchBoxAndroidVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP • HTPC&amp;lt;ref group=&amp;quot;D&amp;quot; name=&amp;quot;launchbox&amp;quot;&amp;gt;This feature is called &#039;&#039;Big Box&#039;&#039; and is only available in the premium (paid) version.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{~|color=PaleGoldenrod|text=Limited}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [http://dfendreloaded.sourceforge.net D-Fend Reloaded]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://dfendreloaded.sourceforge.net/Download.html 1.4.4]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/rtts/ialauncher IA Launcher]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://ialauncher.created.today/download.htm 2.2.1]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [http://weekendwastemonster.net/dfend/dfend.html D-Fend]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [http://weekendwastemonster.net/dfend/D-Fend.zip 2.0.6.2 (Build 42)]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://cboxrun.wordpress.com CBoxRun]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://cboxrun.wordpress.com/download 0.51]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=&amp;quot;D&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Comparison ====&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://dbgl.org DOSBox Game Launcher] : Another frontend based on Java that is said to be inspired by the D-Fend&#039;s.&lt;br /&gt;
; [[LaunchBox]] : Originally developed as a DOSBox frontend. It now supports any emulator or Windows game but has retained its excellent DOSBox functionality.&lt;br /&gt;
; [http://dfendreloaded.sourceforge.net D-Fend Reloaded] : Was a great frontend, which allowed custom per-game configurations to cut back on fiddling with settings just to run specific games well. It also let use third-party builds of DOSBox, instead of the one it comes with, so it could have been used with forks as well.&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://github.com/rtts/ialauncher IA Launcher] : IA Launcher is a graphical games launcher for under 3000 MS-DOS games from old times. It uses the Internet Archive to download games on-the-fly and DOSBox to play them offline.&lt;br /&gt;
; [http://weekendwastemonster.net/dfend/dfend.html D-Fend] : Very old, outdated and out of support. Was reborned as D-Fend Reloaded.&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://cboxrun.wordpress.com CBoxRun] : Zero relevance, lack of developing, dead for a long time.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;hr/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== [[Mednafen]] ===&lt;br /&gt;
Mednafen is a command-line program with no graphical interface whatsoever. These programs generally ease the process of launching games, featuring an equivalent for most of the emulator&#039;s functions via their graphical interfaces.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border-width: 2px; text-align: center; width: 67%;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Name&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Interface(s)&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Active&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! colspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background: repeating-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent, transparent 10px, #e4e4e4 10px, #e4e4e4 20px); border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 1.05em; font-style: italic;&amp;quot; | PC / x86&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/AmatCoder/mednaffe Mednaffe]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/AmatCoder/mednaffe/releases {{MednaffeVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/Speedvicio/MedGuiReborn MedGui Reborn]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/Speedvicio/MedGuiReborn/releases {{MedGuiRebornVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|CC0}}-1.0 ({{License|PDEQ}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/Asnivor/MedLaunch MedLaunch]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/Asnivor/MedLaunch/releases 0.5.25.3]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://sourceforge.net/projects/medgui MedGui]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://sourceforge.net/projects/medgui/files 1.99999]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Unknown}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Comparison ====&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://github.com/AmatCoder/mednaffe Mednaffe] : One of the older and better frontends for Mednafen, with a good user-friendly interface as well as Linux support.&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://github.com/Speedvicio/MedGuiReborn MedGui Reborn] : Reincarnation of the MedGui. New versions appear shortly after the release of a new version of the emulator, and new commits on GitHub happens regularly. The only serious drawback is the fairly awkward interface.&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://github.com/Asnivor/MedLaunch MedLaunch] : Just dead and outdated.&lt;br /&gt;
; [https://sourceforge.net/projects/medgui MedGui] : Now is a thing of the past. But it has been revived as MedGui Reborn.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;hr/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Others ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border-width: 2px; text-align: center; width: 75%;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Name&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Emulator&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Interface(s)&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Active&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background: repeating-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent, transparent 10px, #e4e4e4 10px, #e4e4e4 20px); border: 2px solid #aaa; font-size: 1.05em; font-style: italic;&amp;quot; | PC / x86&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/dh4/mupen64plus-qt Mupen64Plus-Qt]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/dh4/mupen64plus-qt/releases {{Mupen64Plus-QTVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | [[Mupen64Plus]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|BSD3}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! simple64-gui / simple64&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/simple64/simple64-gui git] &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(frontend only)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://simple64.github.io {{Simple64Ver}}] &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(simple64 package)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 | [[Mupen64Plus]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://github.com/dh4/cen64-qt CEN64-Qt]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|Linux}}&amp;amp;ensp;•&amp;amp;ensp;{{Icon|macOS}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/dh4/cen64-qt/releases git]&lt;br /&gt;
 | [[CEN64]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Green}} {{License|BSD3}} ({{License|Permissive}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [http://forum.arcadecontrols.com/index.php/topic,159733.msg1680224.html Sega Model 2 UI]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [http://uploaded.net/file/ryc0vp4f WIP] ({{#formatdate:2019-04-02|ISO 8601}})&lt;br /&gt;
 | [[Model 2 Emulator]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Unknown}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://www.supermodel3.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?p=27#p276 Sega Model 3 UI]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.sendspace.com/file/sr7f90 -r886]&lt;br /&gt;
 | [[Supermodel]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Unknown}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://www.reddit.com/r/emulation/comments/hxlh7l/ive_released_my_supermodel_sega_model_3_emulator SupermodelsAssistant]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://github.com/nikescar1/SupermodelAssistant/releases 0.12]&lt;br /&gt;
 | [[Supermodel]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Unknown}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://www.emu-land.net/consoles/saturn/emuls/windows?act=showonly&amp;amp;id=4227 MedSat]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://www.emu-land.net/consoles/saturn/emuls/windows?act=dlmfile&amp;amp;id=4227&amp;amp;fid=1 1.8]&lt;br /&gt;
 | [[Mednafen]] (Saturn core)&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Unknown}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Unknown}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! Dapplegrey&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Mac}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [http://www.classics-for-x.info/csx/dapplegrey/ {{DapplegreyVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
 | [[DOSBox]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Unknown}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✓|text=✅}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
 |-&lt;br /&gt;
 ! [https://madsonweb.itch.io/cassio-loopy-emulator-zrupi zRupi]&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | [https://madsonweb.itch.io/cassio-loopy-emulator-zrupi/devlog/929437/translation-and-controller-support-added v2-pre]&lt;br /&gt;
 | [[LoopyMSE]]&lt;br /&gt;
 | WIMP&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{Unknown}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{✗|text=❌}}&lt;br /&gt;
 | {{TBD}}&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Comparison of frontends]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Multi-system emulators]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[ROM managers]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{Reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{NEL}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:FAQs]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Frontends| ]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Tools]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Harimepuffle</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=149687</id>
		<title>Flash</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=149687"/>
		<updated>2026-09-03T18:03:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Harimepuffle: Resized the Flash logo inside the infobox since it was way too big.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox console&lt;br /&gt;
|title=Adobe Flash&lt;br /&gt;
|logo=Adobe_Flash_Logo.png&lt;br /&gt;
|imagesize=220&lt;br /&gt;
|developer=Adobe&lt;br /&gt;
|release=1996&lt;br /&gt;
|discontinued=2020&lt;br /&gt;
|emulated = {{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Flash&#039;&#039;&#039; (previously &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039;utureSp&#039;&#039;&#039;lash&#039;&#039;&#039; Animator, before that SmartSketch) is a software platform created by FutureWave Software and is currently owned by Adobe (formerly Macromedia). Originally a drawing program for PenPoint OS, later ported to Windows and Macintosh when pen computing failed to take off, frame-by-frame animation features were added to it in a new program called FutureSplash Animator. The company was acquired by Macromedia in December 1996, rebranding FutureSplash Animator to Flash, an amalgamation of &amp;quot;Future&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Splash&amp;quot;. In turn, Macromedia was acquired by Adobe on December 3, 2005. Their operations, networks, and customer care organizations were merged shortly after.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Used by an overwhelming majority of websites between the early 2000s and the mid 2010s, Flash was very much the go-to platform for online cartoons and games, being especially popular for various entertainment sites and children&#039;s sites due to its rich content, and has spawned its own subculture of animators and game developers as exemplified by the likes of Newgrounds. SWF elements also proved to be a crucial tool for many multimedia hosting sites so that they could actually play audio/video inside a browser, given the lack of viable alternatives in the pre-HTML5 days. However, around the start of 2010 YouTube started pushing really hard for HTML5 media elements, which have since become a standard feature in modern browsers and single-handedly made Flash Player obsolete for multimedia playback.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In fact, Flash&#039;s popularity as a whole started declining steeply in the mid-to-late 2010s due to the rise of alternative (and open) web standards such as HTML5 and mobile device manufacturers dropping support for the platform, a prominent example being Apple, who publicly stated that iOS would &#039;&#039;never&#039;&#039; support Flash. Google followed suit when it dropped support for the platform in new releases of Android, and it didn&#039;t help that a series of security issues, coupled with Flash itself being a closed standard, led Adobe to wind down on Flash and retire the official player in 2020. The Flash authoring toolkit, since renamed Adobe Animate, is still actively supported and has undergone a total market shift towards animators; a number of popular cartoon series are already produced using Animate, most notably &#039;&#039;My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;Phineas and Ferb&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;Happy Tree Friends&#039;&#039;, to name a few.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Implementations==&lt;br /&gt;
; If you don&#039;t want to mess with these tools, just use [[Flashpoint]] - preservation effort for games and animations designed in commercial web frameworks (not just Flash).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;overflow-x:auto;width:100%&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center;width:100%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Name&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#ScaleForm GFx|ScaleForm GFx]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#Adobe AIR|Adobe AIR]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Active&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Desktop &amp;amp; NPAPI &amp;amp; Web&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin&amp;gt;Web version requires a browser that supports NPAPI.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20220331041116/https://www.adobe.com/support/flashplayer/debug_downloads.html 32.0.0.465]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform&amp;gt;Requires the third-party software component to access it.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N&amp;gt;Adobe versions discontinued. Harman versions are currently maintained for enterprise customers only.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gitlab.com/cleanflash/installer Clean Flash Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds 34.0.0.376] (Windows, Mac)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds/releases/tag/v1.7 34.0.0.137] (Linux)&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform/&amp;gt; ||{{✗}}||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|LiA|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://ruffle.rs/ {{RuffleVer}}]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://ruffle.rs/downloads Nightly builds]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://lightspark.github.io/ Lightspark]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|W7|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/releases {{LightsparkVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} [https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L451 *]||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv3}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{License|GPLv3}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://awayfl.org/ AwayFL]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/awayfl/awayfl-player/releases {{AwayFLVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://vidkidz.github.io WAFlash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Na}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://swf2js.com/en/ swf2js]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/swf2js/swf2js 0.7.8]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Moco&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/naomiEve/Moco git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gnu.org/software/gnash GNU Gnash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/download.html 0.8.10]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://tulrich.com/textweb.pl?path=geekstuff/gameswf.txt GameSWF]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows7|macOS|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://sourceforge.net/projects/tu-testbed/files/demos/gameswf-2009-08-08/ 2009-08-08]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|PD}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/wiki swfdec]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/download/swfdec/0.8/swfdec-0.8.4.tar.gz 0.8.4]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv21}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/ CheerpX for Flash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://docs.leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/Changelog Version 35]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://open-flash.github.io/ Open Flash / Doμ Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/open-flash/domu-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|AGPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/mozilla/shumway git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Mobile&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle-android {{RuffleAndroidVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Reflash&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kyun.flashgame {{ReflashVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.adobe.flashplayer 11.1.115.81]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|WinMobile}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.adobe.com/mena_en/products/flashplayer_pocketpc/downloads/player.html 7]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Lite and Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Symbian|WinMobile|BlackBerry|iOS|Bada|Android}}{{Icon|Wii}}, Chumby, Iriver&lt;br /&gt;
|App Store and Built-in&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Consoles&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FGP3&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PS3}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/DropSonic0/Flash-Player-PS3-Store ENABLE ALL STORES 4.92 HEN FIX]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Green}} {{License|Unlicense}} ({{License|PDEQ}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PSP Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PSP}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/swfplayerv13.7z v13]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://hb-app.store/switch/FlashNX FlashNX]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(Ruffle)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Switch}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/Jonathan8520/FlashNX {{FlashNXVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=N /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Comparisons===&lt;br /&gt;
====Hybrid====&lt;br /&gt;
;[[Ruffle]] &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://ruffle.rs/demo/ web demo]) ([https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle/issues/310 avm1 compatibility]) ([https://ruffle.rs/avm2.html avm2 compatibility])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:A Rust-based player that targets both HTML5 and desktop. Ruffle has been able to run many early Flash games since 2021, and the main development focus is now on support for newer AVM2-based files, although there are still significant compatibility gaps as of {{CURRENTYEAR}}. Unlike the other HTML5 options, Ruffle can be installed as a WebExtension in browsers that support it, with the caveat that a website&#039;s hosted copy will sometimes override the extension even if the site is running an older build.&lt;br /&gt;
:Ruffle has become hugely popular as an alternative SWF player, being notably used by a bunch of veteran Flash content sites including [https://www.newgrounds.com Newgrounds], [https://homestarrunner.com Homestar Runner], and also by the Internet Archive&#039;s [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash Flash library]. It&#039;s also the most actively developed and the most comprehensive of the open-source players that are available today, so this is your next best option if you don&#039;t want to bother with Flash Player or anything that&#039;s been forked from it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Desktop / NPAPI====&lt;br /&gt;
[[wikipedia:NPAPI|NPAPI]]—in case you don&#039;t remember—is an obsolete browser plugin system designed to allow for interactive web-page elements beyond what early versions of HTML could do on their own. While there were a bunch of different in-browser software platforms co-existing in the earlier days of the internet, NPAPI effectively existed only for the sake of SWF players once the format became properly dominant and pushed everything else out of the in-browser ecosystem. With the shrinking relevance of SWF in the late 2010s, the plugin system that the players relied on was increasingly seen as an ancient relic that modern browsers would be better off without, and so NPAPI started being phased out by all the major browser vendors in late 2020 (around the same time that Adobe was preparing to drop Flash Player itself). NPAPI hasn&#039;t entirely gone away though, as some indie browser devs still maintain it in their own forks of Firefox and Chromium and such.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
:The proprietary reference player, which Adobe stopped directly supporting at the end of 2020 and has since fully delisted from their website. The plugin version has a built-in kill-switch that was flipped in January 2021, so it&#039;s probably not much use even in browsers that still support NPAPI, but the desktop player version is still usable if you download it from an archived version of the Adobe website. It&#039;s also worth noting that the player hasn&#039;t been completely discontinued: Harman International continues to maintain [https://airsdk.harman.com/flashplayer an extended support version] intended for enterprise users; and there&#039;s also a consumer-level Chinese version which is actively developed by Zhongcheng, although you shouldn&#039;t get it from their official site (Flash [dot] cn) because it&#039;ll be full of bundled malware.&lt;br /&gt;
:Despite the hard discontinuation and a lack of support for user-friendly features such as URL spoofing, Adobe&#039;s Flash Player still remains the most widely-compatible desktop player for Flash games as of 2023, which is why the [[Flashpoint]] preservation project still relies on Flash Player to run its SWF games.&lt;br /&gt;
:;Clean Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
::An unofficial effort that takes the still-active Zhongcheng version of Flash Player and repacks it minus as much malware as the Clean Flash project can remove. This might be the better option if you&#039;re looking for an NPAPI player specifically.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Lightspark&lt;br /&gt;
:A C++ player designed to provide drop-in Free and Open-Source replacements for both the desktop and NPAPI versions of Flash Player. It claims to have 88% of the overall SWF spec covered as of {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}, but development has been slow ever since it became a mostly one-person effort circa 2015. Lightspark historically focused on more recent versions of the SWF spec that weren&#039;t supported by Gnash, hence why Lightspark could (and still can) use Gnash as an automatic fallback if both are installed simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GNU Gnash&lt;br /&gt;
:A desktop-only C++ player that went inactive in 2017, with the most recent stable release dating back to 2012. Probably not much reason to use it over newer versions of Lightspark, which seem to have mostly (if not entirely) superseded Gnash for compatibility.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GameSWF &amp;amp; swfdec&lt;br /&gt;
:Two very early efforts to create non-proprietary replacements for the desktop Flash Player, both inactive since 2009 and very much obsolete nowadays. Gnash began as a fork of GameSWF.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====HTML5====&lt;br /&gt;
Pretty much all of the players listed here are specifically designed to be used as [[wikipedia:Polyfill (programming)|polyfills]] by webmasters who want to keep their Flash-based sites going despite the forced obsolescence of Adobe&#039;s in-browser Flash plugin. They are, therefore, largely not intended for personal use, although it&#039;s usually not impossible and some of them even have official demo pages that you can use to load whatever SWF file you want.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;CheerpX for Flash&lt;br /&gt;
:A proprietary software package designed to make the Harman version of Flash Player usable in modern browsers by running it inside CheerpX, a payware x86 emulator in WebAssembly. No one on this wiki has had the chance to properly evaluate it, but we&#039;d expect reference-level accuracy at the cost of woeful performance. That being said, CheerpX can also function as a streaming client to a bundled server app that does the emulation and processing work instead.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;AwayFL &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://exponenta.games/games/AFL/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:Developed by the Away Foundation, this is arguably the most direct alternative to Ruffle, although it has fallen behind in terms of compatibility. Used by [https://www.coolmathgames.com CoolMathGames] for their old Flash games.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;WAFlash &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://clubpenguinadvanced.github.io/waflash-demo/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An inactive, closed-source C++-to-WebAssembly player that technically hasn&#039;t been made available to outside users, although there are a few sites where you can use it. It was considered the most accurate of the unofficial Flash players as of late 2021, although other still-active projects have caught up significantly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;swf2js &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(web demos: [https://swf2js.com/free/index.html free], [https://swf2js.com/prod/index.html production])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An open-core player that uses a dynamic recompiler. The source-available &amp;quot;Free&amp;quot; version supports limited features, such as AS1, AS2 and ZLIB compression. In contrast, the payware &amp;quot;Production&amp;quot; version is better suited to newer Flash files using AS3 and LZMA compression features. Built on more traditional JavaScript code, so it pretty much always performs worse than any of the WebAssembly players, sometimes noticeably so.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
:A relatively early HTML5 player, actively developed under Mozilla sponsorship between 2012 and 2016 but then abandoned before reaching a usable beta state.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Peripherals==&lt;br /&gt;
===ScaleForm GFx===&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx is a discontinued game development middleware package, a vector graphics rendering engine used to display Adobe Flash-based user interfaces and HUDs for video games. In March 2011, Autodesk acquired Scaleform Corporation and Scaleform GFx became part of the Autodesk Gameware line of middleware. On July 12, 2018, Autodesk discontinued Scaleform GFx, and it is no longer available for purchase.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Authors created user interfaces using Adobe Flash authoring tools, such as Adobe Animate (formerly Adobe Flash Professional); the resulting SWF files were used directly by the GFx libraries, providing similar functionality to the Adobe Flash Player but optimized for use within game engines.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx supported all major platforms, including game consoles, mobile and PC operating systems. Scaleform provides APIs for direct communication between Flash content and the game engine, and pre-built integrations for popular engines such as Unity, Unreal Engine, and CryENGINE. Scaleform GFx could also be licensed for use as a standalone Flash runtime system on mobile platforms, competing with Adobe AIR.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Adobe AIR===&lt;br /&gt;
Adobe AIR (also known as Adobe Integrated Runtime and codenamed Apollo) is a cross-platform runtime system currently developed by Harman International, in collaboration with Adobe Inc., for building desktop  and mobile applications, programmed using Adobe Animate, ActionScript, and optionally Apache Flex. It was originally released in 2008. The runtime supports installable applications on Windows, macOS, and mobile operating systems, including Android, iOS, and BlackBerry Tablet OS.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
AIR is a runtime environment that allows Adobe Animate content and ActionScript 3.0 coders to construct applications and video games that run as a stand-alone executable and behave similarly to a native application on supported platforms. An HTML5 application used in a browser does not require installation, while AIR applications require installation from an installer file (Windows and macOS) or the appropriate App Store (iOS and Android). AIR applications have unrestricted access to local storage and file systems, while browser-based applications only have access to individual files selected by users.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash?tab=collection Archive.org-Software Library: Flash] - Internet Archive&#039;s Flash Games Software Library is abundant with options for any level of computer gaming. With an in-site emulator ready to run thousands of games in the Software Library, the Internet Archive can turn your computer into a mini arcade at the click of a button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Resources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://nosamu.medium.com/flash-player-emulators-how-to-play-swfs-in-2021-and-beyond-d56c3899b7e6 Article by nosamu (of Flashpoint): Flash Player Emulators: How to Play SWF Files in 2021 and Beyond]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://huwdp.github.io/Flash-Matrix/ Huw Pritchard&#039;s Flash Matrix] ([https://github.com/huwdp/Flash-Matrix source repo]) &amp;amp;mdash; an effort to calculate AVM2/AS3 support across multiple Flash players&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Not really emulators]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Harimepuffle</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Template:FlashNXVer&amp;diff=149686</id>
		<title>Template:FlashNXVer</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Template:FlashNXVer&amp;diff=149686"/>
		<updated>2026-09-03T18:01:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Harimepuffle: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;1.8.0 &amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&amp;lt;noinclude&amp;gt;[[Category:Emulator templates]]&amp;lt;/noinclude&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Harimepuffle</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=145878</id>
		<title>Flash</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=145878"/>
		<updated>2026-07-09T17:57:23Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Harimepuffle: /* Implementations */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox console&lt;br /&gt;
|title=Adobe Flash&lt;br /&gt;
|logo=Adobe_Flash_Logo.png&lt;br /&gt;
|logowidth=160&lt;br /&gt;
|developer=Adobe&lt;br /&gt;
|release=1996&lt;br /&gt;
|discontinued=2020&lt;br /&gt;
|emulated = {{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Flash&#039;&#039;&#039; (previously &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039;utureSp&#039;&#039;&#039;lash&#039;&#039;&#039; Animator, before that SmartSketch) is a software platform created by FutureWave Software and is currently owned by Adobe (formerly Macromedia). Originally a drawing program for PenPoint OS, later ported to Windows and Macintosh when pen computing failed to take off, frame-by-frame animation features were added to it in a new program called FutureSplash Animator. The company was acquired by Macromedia in December 1996, rebranding FutureSplash Animator to Flash, an amalgamation of &amp;quot;Future&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Splash&amp;quot;. In turn, Macromedia was acquired by Adobe on December 3, 2005. Their operations, networks, and customer care organizations were merged shortly after.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Used by an overwhelming majority of websites between the early 2000s and the mid 2010s, Flash was very much the go-to platform for online cartoons and games, being especially popular for various entertainment sites and children&#039;s sites due to its rich content, and has spawned its own subculture of animators and game developers as exemplified by the likes of Newgrounds. SWF elements also proved to be a crucial tool for many multimedia hosting sites so that they could actually play audio/video inside a browser, given the lack of viable alternatives in the pre-HTML5 days. However, around the start of 2010 YouTube started pushing really hard for HTML5 media elements, which have since become a standard feature in modern browsers and single-handedly made Flash Player obsolete for multimedia playback.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In fact, Flash&#039;s popularity as a whole started declining steeply in the mid-to-late 2010s due to the rise of alternative (and open) web standards such as HTML5 and mobile device manufacturers dropping support for the platform, a prominent example being Apple, who publicly stated that iOS would &#039;&#039;never&#039;&#039; support Flash. Google followed suit when it dropped support for the platform in new releases of Android, and it didn&#039;t help that a series of security issues, coupled with Flash itself being a closed standard, led Adobe to wind down on Flash and retire the official player in 2020. The Flash authoring toolkit, since renamed Adobe Animate, is still actively supported and has undergone a total market shift towards animators; a number of popular cartoon series are already produced using Animate, most notably &#039;&#039;My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;Phineas and Ferb&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;Happy Tree Friends&#039;&#039;, to name a few.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Implementations==&lt;br /&gt;
; If you don&#039;t want to mess with these tools, just use [[Flashpoint]] - preservation effort for games and animations designed in commercial web frameworks (not just Flash).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;overflow-x:auto;width:100%&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center;width:100%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Name&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#ScaleForm GFx|ScaleForm GFx]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#Adobe AIR|Adobe AIR]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Active&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Desktop &amp;amp; NPAPI &amp;amp; Web&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin&amp;gt;Web version requires a browser that supports NPAPI.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20220331041116/https://www.adobe.com/support/flashplayer/debug_downloads.html 32.0.0.465]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform&amp;gt;Requires the third-party software component to access it.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N&amp;gt;Adobe versions discontinued. Harman versions are currently maintained for enterprise customers only.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gitlab.com/cleanflash/installer Clean Flash Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds 34.0.0.376] (Windows, Mac)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds/releases/tag/v1.7 34.0.0.137] (Linux)&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform/&amp;gt; ||{{✗}}||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|LiA|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://ruffle.rs/ {{RuffleVer}}]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://ruffle.rs/downloads Nightly builds]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://lightspark.github.io/ Lightspark]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|W7|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/releases {{LightsparkVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} [https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L451 *]||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv3}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{License|GPLv3}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://awayfl.org/ AwayFL]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/awayfl/awayfl-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://vidkidz.github.io WAFlash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Na}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://swf2js.com/en/ swf2js]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/swf2js/swf2js 0.7.8]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Moco&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/naomiEve/Moco git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gnu.org/software/gnash GNU Gnash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/download.html 0.8.10]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://tulrich.com/textweb.pl?path=geekstuff/gameswf.txt GameSWF]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows7|macOS|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://sourceforge.net/projects/tu-testbed/files/demos/gameswf-2009-08-08/ 2009-08-08]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|PD}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/wiki swfdec]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/download/swfdec/0.8/swfdec-0.8.4.tar.gz 0.8.4]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv21}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/ CheerpX for Flash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://docs.leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/Changelog Version 35]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://open-flash.github.io/ Open Flash / Doμ Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/open-flash/domu-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|AGPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/mozilla/shumway git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Mobile&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle-android git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Reflash&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kyun.flashgame 2.4.1]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.adobe.flashplayer 11.1.115.81]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|WinMobile}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.adobe.com/mena_en/products/flashplayer_pocketpc/downloads/player.html 7]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Lite and Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Symbian|WinMobile|BlackBerry|iOS|Bada|Android}}{{Icon|Wii}}, Chumby, Iriver&lt;br /&gt;
|App Store and Built-in&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Consoles&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FGP3&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PS3}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/DropSonic0/Flash-Player-PS3-Store 1.06]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Green}} {{License|Unlicense}} ({{License|PDEQ}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PSP Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PSP}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/swfplayerv13.7z v13]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://hb-app.store/switch/FlashNX FlashNX]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(Ruffle)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Switch}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/Jonathan8520/FlashNX v1.5.1]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=N /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Comparisons===&lt;br /&gt;
====Hybrid====&lt;br /&gt;
;[[Ruffle]] &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://ruffle.rs/demo/ web demo]) ([https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle/issues/310 avm1 compatibility]) ([https://ruffle.rs/avm2.html avm2 compatibility])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:A Rust-based player that targets both HTML5 and desktop. Ruffle has been able to run many early Flash games since 2021, and the main development focus is now on support for newer AVM2-based files, although there are still significant compatibility gaps as of {{CURRENTYEAR}}. Unlike the other HTML5 options, Ruffle can be installed as a WebExtension in browsers that support it, with the caveat that a website&#039;s hosted copy will sometimes override the extension even if the site is running an older build.&lt;br /&gt;
:Ruffle has become hugely popular as an alternative SWF player, being notably used by a bunch of veteran Flash content sites including [https://www.newgrounds.com Newgrounds], [https://homestarrunner.com Homestar Runner], and also by the Internet Archive&#039;s [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash Flash library]. It&#039;s also the most actively developed and the most comprehensive of the open-source players that are available today, so this is your next best option if you don&#039;t want to bother with Flash Player or anything that&#039;s been forked from it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Desktop / NPAPI====&lt;br /&gt;
[[wikipedia:NPAPI|NPAPI]]—in case you don&#039;t remember—is an obsolete browser plugin system designed to allow for interactive web-page elements beyond what early versions of HTML could do on their own. While there were a bunch of different in-browser software platforms co-existing in the earlier days of the internet, NPAPI effectively existed only for the sake of SWF players once the format became properly dominant and pushed everything else out of the in-browser ecosystem. With the shrinking relevance of SWF in the late 2010s, the plugin system that the players relied on was increasingly seen as an ancient relic that modern browsers would be better off without, and so NPAPI started being phased out by all the major browser vendors in late 2020 (around the same time that Adobe was preparing to drop Flash Player itself). NPAPI hasn&#039;t entirely gone away though, as some indie browser devs still maintain it in their own forks of Firefox and Chromium and such.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
:The proprietary reference player, which Adobe stopped directly supporting at the end of 2020 and has since fully delisted from their website. The plugin version has a built-in kill-switch that was flipped in January 2021, so it&#039;s probably not much use even in browsers that still support NPAPI, but the desktop player version is still usable if you download it from an archived version of the Adobe website. It&#039;s also worth noting that the player hasn&#039;t been completely discontinued: Harman International continues to maintain [https://airsdk.harman.com/flashplayer an extended support version] intended for enterprise users; and there&#039;s also a consumer-level Chinese version which is actively developed by Zhongcheng, although you shouldn&#039;t get it from their official site (Flash [dot] cn) because it&#039;ll be full of bundled malware.&lt;br /&gt;
:Despite the hard discontinuation and a lack of support for user-friendly features such as URL spoofing, Adobe&#039;s Flash Player still remains the most widely-compatible desktop player for Flash games as of 2023, which is why the [[Flashpoint]] preservation project still relies on Flash Player to run its SWF games.&lt;br /&gt;
:;Clean Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
::An unofficial effort that takes the still-active Zhongcheng version of Flash Player and repacks it minus as much malware as the Clean Flash project can remove. This might be the better option if you&#039;re looking for an NPAPI player specifically.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Lightspark&lt;br /&gt;
:A C++ player designed to provide drop-in Free and Open-Source replacements for both the desktop and NPAPI versions of Flash Player. It claims to have 88% of the overall SWF spec covered as of {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}, but development has been slow ever since it became a mostly one-person effort circa 2015. Lightspark historically focused on more recent versions of the SWF spec that weren&#039;t supported by Gnash, hence why Lightspark could (and still can) use Gnash as an automatic fallback if both are installed simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GNU Gnash&lt;br /&gt;
:A desktop-only C++ player that went inactive in 2017, with the most recent stable release dating back to 2012. Probably not much reason to use it over newer versions of Lightspark, which seem to have mostly (if not entirely) superseded Gnash for compatibility.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GameSWF &amp;amp; swfdec&lt;br /&gt;
:Two very early efforts to create non-proprietary replacements for the desktop Flash Player, both inactive since 2009 and very much obsolete nowadays. Gnash began as a fork of GameSWF.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====HTML5====&lt;br /&gt;
Pretty much all of the players listed here are specifically designed to be used as [[wikipedia:Polyfill (programming)|polyfills]] by webmasters who want to keep their Flash-based sites going despite the forced obsolescence of Adobe&#039;s in-browser Flash plugin. They are, therefore, largely not intended for personal use, although it&#039;s usually not impossible and some of them even have official demo pages that you can use to load whatever SWF file you want.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;CheerpX for Flash&lt;br /&gt;
:A proprietary software package designed to make the Harman version of Flash Player usable in modern browsers by running it inside CheerpX, a payware x86 emulator in WebAssembly. No one on this wiki has had the chance to properly evaluate it, but we&#039;d expect reference-level accuracy at the cost of woeful performance. That being said, CheerpX can also function as a streaming client to a bundled server app that does the emulation and processing work instead.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;AwayFL &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://exponenta.games/games/AFL/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:Developed by the Away Foundation, this is arguably the most direct alternative to Ruffle, although it has fallen behind in terms of compatibility. Used by [https://www.coolmathgames.com CoolMathGames] for their old Flash games.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;WAFlash &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://clubpenguinadvanced.github.io/waflash-demo/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An inactive, closed-source C++-to-WebAssembly player that technically hasn&#039;t been made available to outside users, although there are a few sites where you can use it. It was considered the most accurate of the unofficial Flash players as of late 2021, although other still-active projects have caught up significantly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;swf2js &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(web demos: [https://swf2js.com/free/index.html free], [https://swf2js.com/prod/index.html production])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An open-core player that uses a dynamic recompiler. The source-available &amp;quot;Free&amp;quot; version supports limited features, such as AS1, AS2 and ZLIB compression. In contrast, the payware &amp;quot;Production&amp;quot; version is better suited to newer Flash files using AS3 and LZMA compression features. Built on more traditional JavaScript code, so it pretty much always performs worse than any of the WebAssembly players, sometimes noticeably so.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
:A relatively early HTML5 player, actively developed under Mozilla sponsorship between 2012 and 2016 but then abandoned before reaching a usable beta state.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Peripherals==&lt;br /&gt;
===ScaleForm GFx===&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx is a discontinued game development middleware package, a vector graphics rendering engine used to display Adobe Flash-based user interfaces and HUDs for video games. In March 2011, Autodesk acquired Scaleform Corporation and Scaleform GFx became part of the Autodesk Gameware line of middleware. On July 12, 2018, Autodesk discontinued Scaleform GFx, and it is no longer available for purchase.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Authors created user interfaces using Adobe Flash authoring tools, such as Adobe Animate (formerly Adobe Flash Professional); the resulting SWF files were used directly by the GFx libraries, providing similar functionality to the Adobe Flash Player but optimized for use within game engines.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx supported all major platforms, including game consoles, mobile and PC operating systems. Scaleform provides APIs for direct communication between Flash content and the game engine, and pre-built integrations for popular engines such as Unity, Unreal Engine, and CryENGINE. Scaleform GFx could also be licensed for use as a standalone Flash runtime system on mobile platforms, competing with Adobe AIR.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Adobe AIR===&lt;br /&gt;
Adobe AIR (also known as Adobe Integrated Runtime and codenamed Apollo) is a cross-platform runtime system currently developed by Harman International, in collaboration with Adobe Inc., for building desktop  and mobile applications, programmed using Adobe Animate, ActionScript, and optionally Apache Flex. It was originally released in 2008. The runtime supports installable applications on Windows, macOS, and mobile operating systems, including Android, iOS, and BlackBerry Tablet OS.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
AIR is a runtime environment that allows Adobe Animate content and ActionScript 3.0 coders to construct applications and video games that run as a stand-alone executable and behave similarly to a native application on supported platforms. An HTML5 application used in a browser does not require installation, while AIR applications require installation from an installer file (Windows and macOS) or the appropriate App Store (iOS and Android). AIR applications have unrestricted access to local storage and file systems, while browser-based applications only have access to individual files selected by users.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash?tab=collection Archive.org-Software Library: Flash] - Internet Archive&#039;s Flash Games Software Library is abundant with options for any level of computer gaming. With an in-site emulator ready to run thousands of games in the Software Library, the Internet Archive can turn your computer into a mini arcade at the click of a button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Resources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://nosamu.medium.com/flash-player-emulators-how-to-play-swfs-in-2021-and-beyond-d56c3899b7e6 Article by nosamu (of Flashpoint): Flash Player Emulators: How to Play SWF Files in 2021 and Beyond]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://huwdp.github.io/Flash-Matrix/ Huw Pritchard&#039;s Flash Matrix] ([https://github.com/huwdp/Flash-Matrix source repo]) &amp;amp;mdash; an effort to calculate AVM2/AS3 support across multiple Flash players&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Not really emulators]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Harimepuffle</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=145444</id>
		<title>Flash</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=145444"/>
		<updated>2026-06-28T20:46:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Harimepuffle: /* Implementations */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox console&lt;br /&gt;
|title=Adobe Flash&lt;br /&gt;
|logo=Adobe_Flash_Logo.png&lt;br /&gt;
|logowidth=160&lt;br /&gt;
|developer=Adobe&lt;br /&gt;
|release=1996&lt;br /&gt;
|discontinued=2020&lt;br /&gt;
|emulated = {{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Flash&#039;&#039;&#039; (previously &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039;utureSp&#039;&#039;&#039;lash&#039;&#039;&#039; Animator, before that SmartSketch) is a software platform created by FutureWave Software and is currently owned by Adobe (formerly Macromedia). Originally a drawing program for PenPoint OS, later ported to Windows and Macintosh when pen computing failed to take off, frame-by-frame animation features were added to it in a new program called FutureSplash Animator. The company was acquired by Macromedia in December 1996, rebranding FutureSplash Animator to Flash, an amalgamation of &amp;quot;Future&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Splash&amp;quot;. In turn, Macromedia was acquired by Adobe on December 3, 2005. Their operations, networks, and customer care organizations were merged shortly after.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Used by an overwhelming majority of websites between the early 2000s and the mid 2010s, Flash was very much the go-to platform for online cartoons and games, being especially popular for various entertainment sites and children&#039;s sites due to its rich content, and has spawned its own subculture of animators and game developers as exemplified by the likes of Newgrounds. SWF elements also proved to be a crucial tool for many multimedia hosting sites so that they could actually play audio/video inside a browser, given the lack of viable alternatives in the pre-HTML5 days. However, around the start of 2010 YouTube started pushing really hard for HTML5 media elements, which have since become a standard feature in modern browsers and single-handedly made Flash Player obsolete for multimedia playback.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In fact, Flash&#039;s popularity as a whole started declining steeply in the mid-to-late 2010s due to the rise of alternative (and open) web standards such as HTML5 and mobile device manufacturers dropping support for the platform, a prominent example being Apple, who publicly stated that iOS would &#039;&#039;never&#039;&#039; support Flash. Google followed suit when it dropped support for the platform in new releases of Android, and it didn&#039;t help that a series of security issues, coupled with Flash itself being a closed standard, led Adobe to wind down on Flash and retire the official player in 2020. The Flash authoring toolkit, since renamed Adobe Animate, is still actively supported and has undergone a total market shift towards animators; a number of popular cartoon series are already produced using Animate, most notably &#039;&#039;My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;Phineas and Ferb&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;Happy Tree Friends&#039;&#039;, to name a few.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Implementations==&lt;br /&gt;
; If you don&#039;t want to mess with these tools, just use [[Flashpoint]] - preservation effort for games and animations designed in commercial web frameworks (not just Flash).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;overflow-x:auto;width:100%&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center;width:100%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Name&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#ScaleForm GFx|ScaleForm GFx]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#Adobe AIR|Adobe AIR]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Active&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Desktop &amp;amp; NPAPI &amp;amp; Web&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin&amp;gt;Web version requires a browser that supports NPAPI.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20220331041116/https://www.adobe.com/support/flashplayer/debug_downloads.html 32.0.0.465]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform&amp;gt;Requires the third-party software component to access it.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N&amp;gt;Adobe versions discontinued. Harman versions are currently maintained for enterprise customers only.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gitlab.com/cleanflash/installer Clean Flash Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds 34.0.0.376] (Windows, Mac)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds/releases/tag/v1.7 34.0.0.137] (Linux)&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform/&amp;gt; ||{{✗}}||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|LiA|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://ruffle.rs/ {{RuffleVer}}]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://ruffle.rs/downloads Nightly builds]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://lightspark.github.io/ Lightspark]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|W7|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/releases {{LightsparkVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} [https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L451 *]||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv3}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{License|GPLv3}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://awayfl.org/ AwayFL]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/awayfl/awayfl-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://vidkidz.github.io WAFlash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Na}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://swf2js.com/en/ swf2js]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/swf2js/swf2js 0.7.8]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Moco&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/naomiEve/Moco git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gnu.org/software/gnash GNU Gnash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/download.html 0.8.10]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://tulrich.com/textweb.pl?path=geekstuff/gameswf.txt GameSWF]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows7|macOS|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://sourceforge.net/projects/tu-testbed/files/demos/gameswf-2009-08-08/ 2009-08-08]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|PD}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/wiki swfdec]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/download/swfdec/0.8/swfdec-0.8.4.tar.gz 0.8.4]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv21}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/ CheerpX for Flash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://docs.leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/Changelog Version 35]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://open-flash.github.io/ Open Flash / Doμ Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/open-flash/domu-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|AGPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/mozilla/shumway git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Mobile&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle-android git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Reflash&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kyun.flashgame 2.4.1]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.adobe.flashplayer 11.1.115.81]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|WinMobile}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.adobe.com/mena_en/products/flashplayer_pocketpc/downloads/player.html 7]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Lite and Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Symbian|WinMobile|BlackBerry|iOS|Bada|Android}}{{Icon|Wii}}, Chumby, Iriver&lt;br /&gt;
|App Store and Built-in&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Consoles&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FGP3&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PS3}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/DropSonic0/Flash-Player-PS3-Store 1.06]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Green}} {{License|Unlicense}} ({{License|PDEQ}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PSP Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PSP}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/swfplayerv13.7z v13]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FlashNX&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(Ruffle)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Switch}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/Jonathan8520/FlashNX v1.4.1]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=N /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Comparisons===&lt;br /&gt;
====Hybrid====&lt;br /&gt;
;[[Ruffle]] &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://ruffle.rs/demo/ web demo]) ([https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle/issues/310 avm1 compatibility]) ([https://ruffle.rs/avm2.html avm2 compatibility])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:A Rust-based player that targets both HTML5 and desktop. Ruffle has been able to run many early Flash games since 2021, and the main development focus is now on support for newer AVM2-based files, although there are still significant compatibility gaps as of {{CURRENTYEAR}}. Unlike the other HTML5 options, Ruffle can be installed as a WebExtension in browsers that support it, with the caveat that a website&#039;s hosted copy will sometimes override the extension even if the site is running an older build.&lt;br /&gt;
:Ruffle has become hugely popular as an alternative SWF player, being notably used by a bunch of veteran Flash content sites including [https://www.newgrounds.com Newgrounds], [https://homestarrunner.com Homestar Runner], and also by the Internet Archive&#039;s [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash Flash library]. It&#039;s also the most actively developed and the most comprehensive of the open-source players that are available today, so this is your next best option if you don&#039;t want to bother with Flash Player or anything that&#039;s been forked from it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Desktop / NPAPI====&lt;br /&gt;
[[wikipedia:NPAPI|NPAPI]]—in case you don&#039;t remember—is an obsolete browser plugin system designed to allow for interactive web-page elements beyond what early versions of HTML could do on their own. While there were a bunch of different in-browser software platforms co-existing in the earlier days of the internet, NPAPI effectively existed only for the sake of SWF players once the format became properly dominant and pushed everything else out of the in-browser ecosystem. With the shrinking relevance of SWF in the late 2010s, the plugin system that the players relied on was increasingly seen as an ancient relic that modern browsers would be better off without, and so NPAPI started being phased out by all the major browser vendors in late 2020 (around the same time that Adobe was preparing to drop Flash Player itself). NPAPI hasn&#039;t entirely gone away though, as some indie browser devs still maintain it in their own forks of Firefox and Chromium and such.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
:The proprietary reference player, which Adobe stopped directly supporting at the end of 2020 and has since fully delisted from their website. The plugin version has a built-in kill-switch that was flipped in January 2021, so it&#039;s probably not much use even in browsers that still support NPAPI, but the desktop player version is still usable if you download it from an archived version of the Adobe website. It&#039;s also worth noting that the player hasn&#039;t been completely discontinued: Harman International continues to maintain [https://airsdk.harman.com/flashplayer an extended support version] intended for enterprise users; and there&#039;s also a consumer-level Chinese version which is actively developed by Zhongcheng, although you shouldn&#039;t get it from their official site (Flash [dot] cn) because it&#039;ll be full of bundled malware.&lt;br /&gt;
:Despite the hard discontinuation and a lack of support for user-friendly features such as URL spoofing, Adobe&#039;s Flash Player still remains the most widely-compatible desktop player for Flash games as of 2023, which is why the [[Flashpoint]] preservation project still relies on Flash Player to run its SWF games.&lt;br /&gt;
:;Clean Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
::An unofficial effort that takes the still-active Zhongcheng version of Flash Player and repacks it minus as much malware as the Clean Flash project can remove. This might be the better option if you&#039;re looking for an NPAPI player specifically.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Lightspark&lt;br /&gt;
:A C++ player designed to provide drop-in Free and Open-Source replacements for both the desktop and NPAPI versions of Flash Player. It claims to have 88% of the overall SWF spec covered as of {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}, but development has been slow ever since it became a mostly one-person effort circa 2015. Lightspark historically focused on more recent versions of the SWF spec that weren&#039;t supported by Gnash, hence why Lightspark could (and still can) use Gnash as an automatic fallback if both are installed simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GNU Gnash&lt;br /&gt;
:A desktop-only C++ player that went inactive in 2017, with the most recent stable release dating back to 2012. Probably not much reason to use it over newer versions of Lightspark, which seem to have mostly (if not entirely) superseded Gnash for compatibility.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GameSWF &amp;amp; swfdec&lt;br /&gt;
:Two very early efforts to create non-proprietary replacements for the desktop Flash Player, both inactive since 2009 and very much obsolete nowadays. Gnash began as a fork of GameSWF.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====HTML5====&lt;br /&gt;
Pretty much all of the players listed here are specifically designed to be used as [[wikipedia:Polyfill (programming)|polyfills]] by webmasters who want to keep their Flash-based sites going despite the forced obsolescence of Adobe&#039;s in-browser Flash plugin. They are, therefore, largely not intended for personal use, although it&#039;s usually not impossible and some of them even have official demo pages that you can use to load whatever SWF file you want.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;CheerpX for Flash&lt;br /&gt;
:A proprietary software package designed to make the Harman version of Flash Player usable in modern browsers by running it inside CheerpX, a payware x86 emulator in WebAssembly. No one on this wiki has had the chance to properly evaluate it, but we&#039;d expect reference-level accuracy at the cost of woeful performance. That being said, CheerpX can also function as a streaming client to a bundled server app that does the emulation and processing work instead.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;AwayFL &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://exponenta.games/games/AFL/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:Developed by the Away Foundation, this is arguably the most direct alternative to Ruffle, although it has fallen behind in terms of compatibility. Used by [https://www.coolmathgames.com CoolMathGames] for their old Flash games.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;WAFlash &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://clubpenguinadvanced.github.io/waflash-demo/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An inactive, closed-source C++-to-WebAssembly player that technically hasn&#039;t been made available to outside users, although there are a few sites where you can use it. It was considered the most accurate of the unofficial Flash players as of late 2021, although other still-active projects have caught up significantly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;swf2js &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(web demos: [https://swf2js.com/free/index.html free], [https://swf2js.com/prod/index.html production])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An open-core player that uses a dynamic recompiler. The source-available &amp;quot;Free&amp;quot; version supports limited features, such as AS1, AS2 and ZLIB compression. In contrast, the payware &amp;quot;Production&amp;quot; version is better suited to newer Flash files using AS3 and LZMA compression features. Built on more traditional JavaScript code, so it pretty much always performs worse than any of the WebAssembly players, sometimes noticeably so.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
:A relatively early HTML5 player, actively developed under Mozilla sponsorship between 2012 and 2016 but then abandoned before reaching a usable beta state.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Peripherals==&lt;br /&gt;
===ScaleForm GFx===&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx is a discontinued game development middleware package, a vector graphics rendering engine used to display Adobe Flash-based user interfaces and HUDs for video games. In March 2011, Autodesk acquired Scaleform Corporation and Scaleform GFx became part of the Autodesk Gameware line of middleware. On July 12, 2018, Autodesk discontinued Scaleform GFx, and it is no longer available for purchase.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Authors created user interfaces using Adobe Flash authoring tools, such as Adobe Animate (formerly Adobe Flash Professional); the resulting SWF files were used directly by the GFx libraries, providing similar functionality to the Adobe Flash Player but optimized for use within game engines.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx supported all major platforms, including game consoles, mobile and PC operating systems. Scaleform provides APIs for direct communication between Flash content and the game engine, and pre-built integrations for popular engines such as Unity, Unreal Engine, and CryENGINE. Scaleform GFx could also be licensed for use as a standalone Flash runtime system on mobile platforms, competing with Adobe AIR.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Adobe AIR===&lt;br /&gt;
Adobe AIR (also known as Adobe Integrated Runtime and codenamed Apollo) is a cross-platform runtime system currently developed by Harman International, in collaboration with Adobe Inc., for building desktop  and mobile applications, programmed using Adobe Animate, ActionScript, and optionally Apache Flex. It was originally released in 2008. The runtime supports installable applications on Windows, macOS, and mobile operating systems, including Android, iOS, and BlackBerry Tablet OS.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
AIR is a runtime environment that allows Adobe Animate content and ActionScript 3.0 coders to construct applications and video games that run as a stand-alone executable and behave similarly to a native application on supported platforms. An HTML5 application used in a browser does not require installation, while AIR applications require installation from an installer file (Windows and macOS) or the appropriate App Store (iOS and Android). AIR applications have unrestricted access to local storage and file systems, while browser-based applications only have access to individual files selected by users.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash?tab=collection Archive.org-Software Library: Flash] - Internet Archive&#039;s Flash Games Software Library is abundant with options for any level of computer gaming. With an in-site emulator ready to run thousands of games in the Software Library, the Internet Archive can turn your computer into a mini arcade at the click of a button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Resources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://nosamu.medium.com/flash-player-emulators-how-to-play-swfs-in-2021-and-beyond-d56c3899b7e6 Article by nosamu (of Flashpoint): Flash Player Emulators: How to Play SWF Files in 2021 and Beyond]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://huwdp.github.io/Flash-Matrix/ Huw Pritchard&#039;s Flash Matrix] ([https://github.com/huwdp/Flash-Matrix source repo]) &amp;amp;mdash; an effort to calculate AVM2/AS3 support across multiple Flash players&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Not really emulators]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Harimepuffle</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=145299</id>
		<title>Flash</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=145299"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T18:24:43Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Harimepuffle: /* Implementations */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox console&lt;br /&gt;
|title=Adobe Flash&lt;br /&gt;
|logo=Adobe_Flash_Logo.png&lt;br /&gt;
|logowidth=160&lt;br /&gt;
|developer=Adobe&lt;br /&gt;
|release=1996&lt;br /&gt;
|discontinued=2020&lt;br /&gt;
|emulated = {{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Flash&#039;&#039;&#039; (previously &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039;utureSp&#039;&#039;&#039;lash&#039;&#039;&#039; Animator, before that SmartSketch) is a software platform created by FutureWave Software and is currently owned by Adobe (formerly Macromedia). Originally a drawing program for PenPoint OS, later ported to Windows and Macintosh when pen computing failed to take off, frame-by-frame animation features were added to it in a new program called FutureSplash Animator. The company was acquired by Macromedia in December 1996, rebranding FutureSplash Animator to Flash, an amalgamation of &amp;quot;Future&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Splash&amp;quot;. In turn, Macromedia was acquired by Adobe on December 3, 2005. Their operations, networks, and customer care organizations were merged shortly after.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Used by an overwhelming majority of websites between the early 2000s and the mid 2010s, Flash was very much the go-to platform for online cartoons and games, being especially popular for various entertainment sites and children&#039;s sites due to its rich content, and has spawned its own subculture of animators and game developers as exemplified by the likes of Newgrounds. SWF elements also proved to be a crucial tool for many multimedia hosting sites so that they could actually play audio/video inside a browser, given the lack of viable alternatives in the pre-HTML5 days. However, around the start of 2010 YouTube started pushing really hard for HTML5 media elements, which have since become a standard feature in modern browsers and single-handedly made Flash Player obsolete for multimedia playback.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In fact, Flash&#039;s popularity as a whole started declining steeply in the mid-to-late 2010s due to the rise of alternative (and open) web standards such as HTML5 and mobile device manufacturers dropping support for the platform, a prominent example being Apple, who publicly stated that iOS would &#039;&#039;never&#039;&#039; support Flash. Google followed suit when it dropped support for the platform in new releases of Android, and it didn&#039;t help that a series of security issues, coupled with Flash itself being a closed standard, led Adobe to wind down on Flash and retire the official player in 2020. The Flash authoring toolkit, since renamed Adobe Animate, is still actively supported and has undergone a total market shift towards animators; a number of popular cartoon series are already produced using Animate, most notably &#039;&#039;My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;Phineas and Ferb&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;Happy Tree Friends&#039;&#039;, to name a few.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Implementations==&lt;br /&gt;
; If you don&#039;t want to mess with these tools, just use [[Flashpoint]] - preservation effort for games and animations designed in commercial web frameworks (not just Flash).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;overflow-x:auto;width:100%&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center;width:100%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Name&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#ScaleForm GFx|ScaleForm GFx]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#Adobe AIR|Adobe AIR]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Active&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Desktop &amp;amp; NPAPI &amp;amp; Web&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin&amp;gt;Web version requires a browser that supports NPAPI.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20220331041116/https://www.adobe.com/support/flashplayer/debug_downloads.html 32.0.0.465]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform&amp;gt;Requires the third-party software component to access it.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N&amp;gt;Adobe versions discontinued. Harman versions are currently maintained for enterprise customers only.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gitlab.com/cleanflash/installer Clean Flash Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds 34.0.0.376] (Windows, Mac)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds/releases/tag/v1.7 34.0.0.137] (Linux)&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform/&amp;gt; ||{{✗}}||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|LiA|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://ruffle.rs/ {{RuffleVer}}]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://ruffle.rs/downloads Nightly builds]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://lightspark.github.io/ Lightspark]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|W7|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/releases {{LightsparkVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} [https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L451 *]||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv3}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{License|GPLv3}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://awayfl.org/ AwayFL]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/awayfl/awayfl-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://vidkidz.github.io WAFlash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Na}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://swf2js.com/en/ swf2js]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/swf2js/swf2js 0.7.8]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Moco&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/naomiEve/Moco git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gnu.org/software/gnash GNU Gnash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/download.html 0.8.10]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://tulrich.com/textweb.pl?path=geekstuff/gameswf.txt GameSWF]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows7|macOS|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://sourceforge.net/projects/tu-testbed/files/demos/gameswf-2009-08-08/ 2009-08-08]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|PD}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/wiki swfdec]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/download/swfdec/0.8/swfdec-0.8.4.tar.gz 0.8.4]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv21}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/ CheerpX for Flash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://docs.leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/Changelog Version 35]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://open-flash.github.io/ Open Flash / Doμ Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/open-flash/domu-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|AGPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/mozilla/shumway git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Mobile&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle-android git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Reflash&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kyun.flashgame 2.4.1]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.adobe.flashplayer 11.1.115.81]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|WinMobile}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.adobe.com/mena_en/products/flashplayer_pocketpc/downloads/player.html 7]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Lite and Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Symbian|WinMobile|BlackBerry|iOS|Bada|Android}}{{Icon|Wii}}, Chumby, Iriver&lt;br /&gt;
|App Store and Built-in&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Consoles&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FGP3&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PS3}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/DropSonic0/Flash-Player-PS3-Store 1.06]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Green}} {{License|Unlicense}} ({{License|PDEQ}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PSP Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PSP}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/swfplayerv13.7z v13]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FlashNX&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(Ruffle)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Switch}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/Jonathan8520/FlashNX v1.4.0]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=N /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Comparisons===&lt;br /&gt;
====Hybrid====&lt;br /&gt;
;[[Ruffle]] &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://ruffle.rs/demo/ web demo]) ([https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle/issues/310 avm1 compatibility]) ([https://ruffle.rs/avm2.html avm2 compatibility])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:A Rust-based player that targets both HTML5 and desktop. Ruffle has been able to run many early Flash games since 2021, and the main development focus is now on support for newer AVM2-based files, although there are still significant compatibility gaps as of {{CURRENTYEAR}}. Unlike the other HTML5 options, Ruffle can be installed as a WebExtension in browsers that support it, with the caveat that a website&#039;s hosted copy will sometimes override the extension even if the site is running an older build.&lt;br /&gt;
:Ruffle has become hugely popular as an alternative SWF player, being notably used by a bunch of veteran Flash content sites including [https://www.newgrounds.com Newgrounds], [https://homestarrunner.com Homestar Runner], and also by the Internet Archive&#039;s [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash Flash library]. It&#039;s also the most actively developed and the most comprehensive of the open-source players that are available today, so this is your next best option if you don&#039;t want to bother with Flash Player or anything that&#039;s been forked from it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Desktop / NPAPI====&lt;br /&gt;
[[wikipedia:NPAPI|NPAPI]]—in case you don&#039;t remember—is an obsolete browser plugin system designed to allow for interactive web-page elements beyond what early versions of HTML could do on their own. While there were a bunch of different in-browser software platforms co-existing in the earlier days of the internet, NPAPI effectively existed only for the sake of SWF players once the format became properly dominant and pushed everything else out of the in-browser ecosystem. With the shrinking relevance of SWF in the late 2010s, the plugin system that the players relied on was increasingly seen as an ancient relic that modern browsers would be better off without, and so NPAPI started being phased out by all the major browser vendors in late 2020 (around the same time that Adobe was preparing to drop Flash Player itself). NPAPI hasn&#039;t entirely gone away though, as some indie browser devs still maintain it in their own forks of Firefox and Chromium and such.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
:The proprietary reference player, which Adobe stopped directly supporting at the end of 2020 and has since fully delisted from their website. The plugin version has a built-in kill-switch that was flipped in January 2021, so it&#039;s probably not much use even in browsers that still support NPAPI, but the desktop player version is still usable if you download it from an archived version of the Adobe website. It&#039;s also worth noting that the player hasn&#039;t been completely discontinued: Harman International continues to maintain [https://airsdk.harman.com/flashplayer an extended support version] intended for enterprise users; and there&#039;s also a consumer-level Chinese version which is actively developed by Zhongcheng, although you shouldn&#039;t get it from their official site (Flash [dot] cn) because it&#039;ll be full of bundled malware.&lt;br /&gt;
:Despite the hard discontinuation and a lack of support for user-friendly features such as URL spoofing, Adobe&#039;s Flash Player still remains the most widely-compatible desktop player for Flash games as of 2023, which is why the [[Flashpoint]] preservation project still relies on Flash Player to run its SWF games.&lt;br /&gt;
:;Clean Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
::An unofficial effort that takes the still-active Zhongcheng version of Flash Player and repacks it minus as much malware as the Clean Flash project can remove. This might be the better option if you&#039;re looking for an NPAPI player specifically.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Lightspark&lt;br /&gt;
:A C++ player designed to provide drop-in Free and Open-Source replacements for both the desktop and NPAPI versions of Flash Player. It claims to have 88% of the overall SWF spec covered as of {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}, but development has been slow ever since it became a mostly one-person effort circa 2015. Lightspark historically focused on more recent versions of the SWF spec that weren&#039;t supported by Gnash, hence why Lightspark could (and still can) use Gnash as an automatic fallback if both are installed simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GNU Gnash&lt;br /&gt;
:A desktop-only C++ player that went inactive in 2017, with the most recent stable release dating back to 2012. Probably not much reason to use it over newer versions of Lightspark, which seem to have mostly (if not entirely) superseded Gnash for compatibility.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GameSWF &amp;amp; swfdec&lt;br /&gt;
:Two very early efforts to create non-proprietary replacements for the desktop Flash Player, both inactive since 2009 and very much obsolete nowadays. Gnash began as a fork of GameSWF.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====HTML5====&lt;br /&gt;
Pretty much all of the players listed here are specifically designed to be used as [[wikipedia:Polyfill (programming)|polyfills]] by webmasters who want to keep their Flash-based sites going despite the forced obsolescence of Adobe&#039;s in-browser Flash plugin. They are, therefore, largely not intended for personal use, although it&#039;s usually not impossible and some of them even have official demo pages that you can use to load whatever SWF file you want.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;CheerpX for Flash&lt;br /&gt;
:A proprietary software package designed to make the Harman version of Flash Player usable in modern browsers by running it inside CheerpX, a payware x86 emulator in WebAssembly. No one on this wiki has had the chance to properly evaluate it, but we&#039;d expect reference-level accuracy at the cost of woeful performance. That being said, CheerpX can also function as a streaming client to a bundled server app that does the emulation and processing work instead.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;AwayFL &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://exponenta.games/games/AFL/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:Developed by the Away Foundation, this is arguably the most direct alternative to Ruffle, although it has fallen behind in terms of compatibility. Used by [https://www.coolmathgames.com CoolMathGames] for their old Flash games.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;WAFlash &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://clubpenguinadvanced.github.io/waflash-demo/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An inactive, closed-source C++-to-WebAssembly player that technically hasn&#039;t been made available to outside users, although there are a few sites where you can use it. It was considered the most accurate of the unofficial Flash players as of late 2021, although other still-active projects have caught up significantly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;swf2js &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(web demos: [https://swf2js.com/free/index.html free], [https://swf2js.com/prod/index.html production])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An open-core player that uses a dynamic recompiler. The source-available &amp;quot;Free&amp;quot; version supports limited features, such as AS1, AS2 and ZLIB compression. In contrast, the payware &amp;quot;Production&amp;quot; version is better suited to newer Flash files using AS3 and LZMA compression features. Built on more traditional JavaScript code, so it pretty much always performs worse than any of the WebAssembly players, sometimes noticeably so.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
:A relatively early HTML5 player, actively developed under Mozilla sponsorship between 2012 and 2016 but then abandoned before reaching a usable beta state.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Peripherals==&lt;br /&gt;
===ScaleForm GFx===&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx is a discontinued game development middleware package, a vector graphics rendering engine used to display Adobe Flash-based user interfaces and HUDs for video games. In March 2011, Autodesk acquired Scaleform Corporation and Scaleform GFx became part of the Autodesk Gameware line of middleware. On July 12, 2018, Autodesk discontinued Scaleform GFx, and it is no longer available for purchase.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Authors created user interfaces using Adobe Flash authoring tools, such as Adobe Animate (formerly Adobe Flash Professional); the resulting SWF files were used directly by the GFx libraries, providing similar functionality to the Adobe Flash Player but optimized for use within game engines.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx supported all major platforms, including game consoles, mobile and PC operating systems. Scaleform provides APIs for direct communication between Flash content and the game engine, and pre-built integrations for popular engines such as Unity, Unreal Engine, and CryENGINE. Scaleform GFx could also be licensed for use as a standalone Flash runtime system on mobile platforms, competing with Adobe AIR.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Adobe AIR===&lt;br /&gt;
Adobe AIR (also known as Adobe Integrated Runtime and codenamed Apollo) is a cross-platform runtime system currently developed by Harman International, in collaboration with Adobe Inc., for building desktop  and mobile applications, programmed using Adobe Animate, ActionScript, and optionally Apache Flex. It was originally released in 2008. The runtime supports installable applications on Windows, macOS, and mobile operating systems, including Android, iOS, and BlackBerry Tablet OS.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
AIR is a runtime environment that allows Adobe Animate content and ActionScript 3.0 coders to construct applications and video games that run as a stand-alone executable and behave similarly to a native application on supported platforms. An HTML5 application used in a browser does not require installation, while AIR applications require installation from an installer file (Windows and macOS) or the appropriate App Store (iOS and Android). AIR applications have unrestricted access to local storage and file systems, while browser-based applications only have access to individual files selected by users.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash?tab=collection Archive.org-Software Library: Flash] - Internet Archive&#039;s Flash Games Software Library is abundant with options for any level of computer gaming. With an in-site emulator ready to run thousands of games in the Software Library, the Internet Archive can turn your computer into a mini arcade at the click of a button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Resources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://nosamu.medium.com/flash-player-emulators-how-to-play-swfs-in-2021-and-beyond-d56c3899b7e6 Article by nosamu (of Flashpoint): Flash Player Emulators: How to Play SWF Files in 2021 and Beyond]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://huwdp.github.io/Flash-Matrix/ Huw Pritchard&#039;s Flash Matrix] ([https://github.com/huwdp/Flash-Matrix source repo]) &amp;amp;mdash; an effort to calculate AVM2/AS3 support across multiple Flash players&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Not really emulators]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Harimepuffle</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=145026</id>
		<title>Flash</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=145026"/>
		<updated>2026-06-21T06:45:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Harimepuffle: /* Implementations */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox console&lt;br /&gt;
|title=Adobe Flash&lt;br /&gt;
|logo=Adobe_Flash_Logo.png&lt;br /&gt;
|logowidth=160&lt;br /&gt;
|developer=Adobe&lt;br /&gt;
|release=1996&lt;br /&gt;
|discontinued=2020&lt;br /&gt;
|emulated = {{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Flash&#039;&#039;&#039; (previously &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039;utureSp&#039;&#039;&#039;lash&#039;&#039;&#039; Animator, before that SmartSketch) is a software platform created by FutureWave Software and is currently owned by Adobe (formerly Macromedia). Originally a drawing program for PenPoint OS, later ported to Windows and Macintosh when pen computing failed to take off, frame-by-frame animation features were added to it in a new program called FutureSplash Animator. The company was acquired by Macromedia in December 1996, rebranding FutureSplash Animator to Flash, an amalgamation of &amp;quot;Future&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Splash&amp;quot;. In turn, Macromedia was acquired by Adobe on December 3, 2005. Their operations, networks, and customer care organizations were merged shortly after.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Used by an overwhelming majority of websites between the early 2000s and the mid 2010s, Flash was very much the go-to platform for online cartoons and games, being especially popular for various entertainment sites and children&#039;s sites due to its rich content, and has spawned its own subculture of animators and game developers as exemplified by the likes of Newgrounds. SWF elements also proved to be a crucial tool for many multimedia hosting sites so that they could actually play audio/video inside a browser, given the lack of viable alternatives in the pre-HTML5 days. However, around the start of 2010 YouTube started pushing really hard for HTML5 media elements, which have since become a standard feature in modern browsers and single-handedly made Flash Player obsolete for multimedia playback.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In fact, Flash&#039;s popularity as a whole started declining steeply in the mid-to-late 2010s due to the rise of alternative (and open) web standards such as HTML5 and mobile device manufacturers dropping support for the platform, a prominent example being Apple, who publicly stated that iOS would &#039;&#039;never&#039;&#039; support Flash. Google followed suit when it dropped support for the platform in new releases of Android, and it didn&#039;t help that a series of security issues, coupled with Flash itself being a closed standard, led Adobe to wind down on Flash and retire the official player in 2020. The Flash authoring toolkit, since renamed Adobe Animate, is still actively supported and has undergone a total market shift towards animators; a number of popular cartoon series are already produced using Animate, most notably &#039;&#039;My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;Phineas and Ferb&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;Happy Tree Friends&#039;&#039;, to name a few.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Implementations==&lt;br /&gt;
; If you don&#039;t want to mess with these tools, just use [[Flashpoint]] - preservation effort for games and animations designed in commercial web frameworks (not just Flash).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;overflow-x:auto;width:100%&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center;width:100%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Name&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#ScaleForm GFx|ScaleForm GFx]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#Adobe AIR|Adobe AIR]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Active&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Desktop &amp;amp; NPAPI &amp;amp; Web&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin&amp;gt;Web version requires a browser that supports NPAPI.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20220331041116/https://www.adobe.com/support/flashplayer/debug_downloads.html 32.0.0.465]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform&amp;gt;Requires the third-party software component to access it.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N&amp;gt;Adobe versions discontinued. Harman versions are currently maintained for enterprise customers only.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gitlab.com/cleanflash/installer Clean Flash Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds 34.0.0.376] (Windows, Mac)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds/releases/tag/v1.7 34.0.0.137] (Linux)&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform/&amp;gt; ||{{✗}}||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|LiA|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://ruffle.rs/ {{RuffleVer}}]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://ruffle.rs/downloads Nightly builds]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://lightspark.github.io/ Lightspark]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|W7|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/releases {{LightsparkVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} [https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L451 *]||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv3}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{License|GPLv3}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://awayfl.org/ AwayFL]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/awayfl/awayfl-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://vidkidz.github.io WAFlash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Na}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://swf2js.com/en/ swf2js]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/swf2js/swf2js 0.7.8]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Moco&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/naomiEve/Moco git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gnu.org/software/gnash GNU Gnash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/download.html 0.8.10]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://tulrich.com/textweb.pl?path=geekstuff/gameswf.txt GameSWF]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows7|macOS|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://sourceforge.net/projects/tu-testbed/files/demos/gameswf-2009-08-08/ 2009-08-08]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|PD}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/wiki swfdec]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/download/swfdec/0.8/swfdec-0.8.4.tar.gz 0.8.4]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv21}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/ CheerpX for Flash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://docs.leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/Changelog Version 35]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://open-flash.github.io/ Open Flash / Doμ Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/open-flash/domu-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|AGPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/mozilla/shumway git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Mobile&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle-android git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Reflash&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kyun.flashgame 2.4.1]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.adobe.flashplayer 11.1.115.81]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|WinMobile}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.adobe.com/mena_en/products/flashplayer_pocketpc/downloads/player.html 7]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Lite and Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Symbian|WinMobile|BlackBerry|iOS|Bada|Android}}{{Icon|Wii}}, Chumby, Iriver&lt;br /&gt;
|App Store and Built-in&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Consoles&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FGP3&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PS3}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/DropSonic0/Flash-Player-PS3-Store 1.06]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Green}} {{License|Unlicense}} ({{License|PDEQ}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PSP Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PSP}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/swfplayerv13.7z v13]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FlashNX&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(Ruffle)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Switch}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/Jonathan8520/FlashNX v1.3.1]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=N /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Comparisons===&lt;br /&gt;
====Hybrid====&lt;br /&gt;
;[[Ruffle]] &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://ruffle.rs/demo/ web demo]) ([https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle/issues/310 avm1 compatibility]) ([https://ruffle.rs/avm2.html avm2 compatibility])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:A Rust-based player that targets both HTML5 and desktop. Ruffle has been able to run many early Flash games since 2021, and the main development focus is now on support for newer AVM2-based files, although there are still significant compatibility gaps as of {{CURRENTYEAR}}. Unlike the other HTML5 options, Ruffle can be installed as a WebExtension in browsers that support it, with the caveat that a website&#039;s hosted copy will sometimes override the extension even if the site is running an older build.&lt;br /&gt;
:Ruffle has become hugely popular as an alternative SWF player, being notably used by a bunch of veteran Flash content sites including [https://www.newgrounds.com Newgrounds], [https://homestarrunner.com Homestar Runner], and also by the Internet Archive&#039;s [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash Flash library]. It&#039;s also the most actively developed and the most comprehensive of the open-source players that are available today, so this is your next best option if you don&#039;t want to bother with Flash Player or anything that&#039;s been forked from it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Desktop / NPAPI====&lt;br /&gt;
[[wikipedia:NPAPI|NPAPI]]—in case you don&#039;t remember—is an obsolete browser plugin system designed to allow for interactive web-page elements beyond what early versions of HTML could do on their own. While there were a bunch of different in-browser software platforms co-existing in the earlier days of the internet, NPAPI effectively existed only for the sake of SWF players once the format became properly dominant and pushed everything else out of the in-browser ecosystem. With the shrinking relevance of SWF in the late 2010s, the plugin system that the players relied on was increasingly seen as an ancient relic that modern browsers would be better off without, and so NPAPI started being phased out by all the major browser vendors in late 2020 (around the same time that Adobe was preparing to drop Flash Player itself). NPAPI hasn&#039;t entirely gone away though, as some indie browser devs still maintain it in their own forks of Firefox and Chromium and such.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
:The proprietary reference player, which Adobe stopped directly supporting at the end of 2020 and has since fully delisted from their website. The plugin version has a built-in kill-switch that was flipped in January 2021, so it&#039;s probably not much use even in browsers that still support NPAPI, but the desktop player version is still usable if you download it from an archived version of the Adobe website. It&#039;s also worth noting that the player hasn&#039;t been completely discontinued: Harman International continues to maintain [https://airsdk.harman.com/flashplayer an extended support version] intended for enterprise users; and there&#039;s also a consumer-level Chinese version which is actively developed by Zhongcheng, although you shouldn&#039;t get it from their official site (Flash [dot] cn) because it&#039;ll be full of bundled malware.&lt;br /&gt;
:Despite the hard discontinuation and a lack of support for user-friendly features such as URL spoofing, Adobe&#039;s Flash Player still remains the most widely-compatible desktop player for Flash games as of 2023, which is why the [[Flashpoint]] preservation project still relies on Flash Player to run its SWF games.&lt;br /&gt;
:;Clean Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
::An unofficial effort that takes the still-active Zhongcheng version of Flash Player and repacks it minus as much malware as the Clean Flash project can remove. This might be the better option if you&#039;re looking for an NPAPI player specifically.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Lightspark&lt;br /&gt;
:A C++ player designed to provide drop-in Free and Open-Source replacements for both the desktop and NPAPI versions of Flash Player. It claims to have 88% of the overall SWF spec covered as of {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}, but development has been slow ever since it became a mostly one-person effort circa 2015. Lightspark historically focused on more recent versions of the SWF spec that weren&#039;t supported by Gnash, hence why Lightspark could (and still can) use Gnash as an automatic fallback if both are installed simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GNU Gnash&lt;br /&gt;
:A desktop-only C++ player that went inactive in 2017, with the most recent stable release dating back to 2012. Probably not much reason to use it over newer versions of Lightspark, which seem to have mostly (if not entirely) superseded Gnash for compatibility.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GameSWF &amp;amp; swfdec&lt;br /&gt;
:Two very early efforts to create non-proprietary replacements for the desktop Flash Player, both inactive since 2009 and very much obsolete nowadays. Gnash began as a fork of GameSWF.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====HTML5====&lt;br /&gt;
Pretty much all of the players listed here are specifically designed to be used as [[wikipedia:Polyfill (programming)|polyfills]] by webmasters who want to keep their Flash-based sites going despite the forced obsolescence of Adobe&#039;s in-browser Flash plugin. They are, therefore, largely not intended for personal use, although it&#039;s usually not impossible and some of them even have official demo pages that you can use to load whatever SWF file you want.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;CheerpX for Flash&lt;br /&gt;
:A proprietary software package designed to make the Harman version of Flash Player usable in modern browsers by running it inside CheerpX, a payware x86 emulator in WebAssembly. No one on this wiki has had the chance to properly evaluate it, but we&#039;d expect reference-level accuracy at the cost of woeful performance. That being said, CheerpX can also function as a streaming client to a bundled server app that does the emulation and processing work instead.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;AwayFL &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://exponenta.games/games/AFL/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:Developed by the Away Foundation, this is arguably the most direct alternative to Ruffle, although it has fallen behind in terms of compatibility. Used by [https://www.coolmathgames.com CoolMathGames] for their old Flash games.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;WAFlash &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://clubpenguinadvanced.github.io/waflash-demo/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An inactive, closed-source C++-to-WebAssembly player that technically hasn&#039;t been made available to outside users, although there are a few sites where you can use it. It was considered the most accurate of the unofficial Flash players as of late 2021, although other still-active projects have caught up significantly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;swf2js &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(web demos: [https://swf2js.com/free/index.html free], [https://swf2js.com/prod/index.html production])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An open-core player that uses a dynamic recompiler. The source-available &amp;quot;Free&amp;quot; version supports limited features, such as AS1, AS2 and ZLIB compression. In contrast, the payware &amp;quot;Production&amp;quot; version is better suited to newer Flash files using AS3 and LZMA compression features. Built on more traditional JavaScript code, so it pretty much always performs worse than any of the WebAssembly players, sometimes noticeably so.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
:A relatively early HTML5 player, actively developed under Mozilla sponsorship between 2012 and 2016 but then abandoned before reaching a usable beta state.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Peripherals==&lt;br /&gt;
===ScaleForm GFx===&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx is a discontinued game development middleware package, a vector graphics rendering engine used to display Adobe Flash-based user interfaces and HUDs for video games. In March 2011, Autodesk acquired Scaleform Corporation and Scaleform GFx became part of the Autodesk Gameware line of middleware. On July 12, 2018, Autodesk discontinued Scaleform GFx, and it is no longer available for purchase.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Authors created user interfaces using Adobe Flash authoring tools, such as Adobe Animate (formerly Adobe Flash Professional); the resulting SWF files were used directly by the GFx libraries, providing similar functionality to the Adobe Flash Player but optimized for use within game engines.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx supported all major platforms, including game consoles, mobile and PC operating systems. Scaleform provides APIs for direct communication between Flash content and the game engine, and pre-built integrations for popular engines such as Unity, Unreal Engine, and CryENGINE. Scaleform GFx could also be licensed for use as a standalone Flash runtime system on mobile platforms, competing with Adobe AIR.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Adobe AIR===&lt;br /&gt;
Adobe AIR (also known as Adobe Integrated Runtime and codenamed Apollo) is a cross-platform runtime system currently developed by Harman International, in collaboration with Adobe Inc., for building desktop  and mobile applications, programmed using Adobe Animate, ActionScript, and optionally Apache Flex. It was originally released in 2008. The runtime supports installable applications on Windows, macOS, and mobile operating systems, including Android, iOS, and BlackBerry Tablet OS.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
AIR is a runtime environment that allows Adobe Animate content and ActionScript 3.0 coders to construct applications and video games that run as a stand-alone executable and behave similarly to a native application on supported platforms. An HTML5 application used in a browser does not require installation, while AIR applications require installation from an installer file (Windows and macOS) or the appropriate App Store (iOS and Android). AIR applications have unrestricted access to local storage and file systems, while browser-based applications only have access to individual files selected by users.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash?tab=collection Archive.org-Software Library: Flash] - Internet Archive&#039;s Flash Games Software Library is abundant with options for any level of computer gaming. With an in-site emulator ready to run thousands of games in the Software Library, the Internet Archive can turn your computer into a mini arcade at the click of a button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Resources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://nosamu.medium.com/flash-player-emulators-how-to-play-swfs-in-2021-and-beyond-d56c3899b7e6 Article by nosamu (of Flashpoint): Flash Player Emulators: How to Play SWF Files in 2021 and Beyond]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://huwdp.github.io/Flash-Matrix/ Huw Pritchard&#039;s Flash Matrix] ([https://github.com/huwdp/Flash-Matrix source repo]) &amp;amp;mdash; an effort to calculate AVM2/AS3 support across multiple Flash players&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Not really emulators]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Harimepuffle</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=144663</id>
		<title>Flash</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=144663"/>
		<updated>2026-06-14T19:56:15Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Harimepuffle: /* Implementations */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox console&lt;br /&gt;
|title=Adobe Flash&lt;br /&gt;
|logo=Adobe_Flash_Logo.png&lt;br /&gt;
|logowidth=160&lt;br /&gt;
|developer=Adobe&lt;br /&gt;
|release=1996&lt;br /&gt;
|discontinued=2020&lt;br /&gt;
|emulated = {{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Flash&#039;&#039;&#039; (previously &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039;utureSp&#039;&#039;&#039;lash&#039;&#039;&#039; Animator, before that SmartSketch) is a software platform created by FutureWave Software and is currently owned by Adobe (formerly Macromedia). Originally a drawing program for PenPoint OS, later ported to Windows and Macintosh when pen computing failed to take off, frame-by-frame animation features were added to it in a new program called FutureSplash Animator. The company was acquired by Macromedia in December 1996, rebranding FutureSplash Animator to Flash, an amalgamation of &amp;quot;Future&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Splash&amp;quot;. In turn, Macromedia was acquired by Adobe on December 3, 2005. Their operations, networks, and customer care organizations were merged shortly after.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Used by an overwhelming majority of websites between the early 2000s and the mid 2010s, Flash was very much the go-to platform for online cartoons and games, being especially popular for various entertainment sites and children&#039;s sites due to its rich content, and has spawned its own subculture of animators and game developers as exemplified by the likes of Newgrounds. SWF elements also proved to be a crucial tool for many multimedia hosting sites so that they could actually play audio/video inside a browser, given the lack of viable alternatives in the pre-HTML5 days. However, around the start of 2010 YouTube started pushing really hard for HTML5 media elements, which have since become a standard feature in modern browsers and single-handedly made Flash Player obsolete for multimedia playback.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In fact, Flash&#039;s popularity as a whole started declining steeply in the mid-to-late 2010s due to the rise of alternative (and open) web standards such as HTML5 and mobile device manufacturers dropping support for the platform, a prominent example being Apple, who publicly stated that iOS would &#039;&#039;never&#039;&#039; support Flash. Google followed suit when it dropped support for the platform in new releases of Android, and it didn&#039;t help that a series of security issues, coupled with Flash itself being a closed standard, led Adobe to wind down on Flash and retire the official player in 2020. The Flash authoring toolkit, since renamed Adobe Animate, is still actively supported and has undergone a total market shift towards animators; a number of popular cartoon series are already produced using Animate, most notably &#039;&#039;My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;Phineas and Ferb&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;Happy Tree Friends&#039;&#039;, to name a few.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Implementations==&lt;br /&gt;
; If you don&#039;t want to mess with these tools, just use [[Flashpoint]] - preservation effort for games and animations designed in commercial web frameworks (not just Flash).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;overflow-x:auto;width:100%&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center;width:100%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Name&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#ScaleForm GFx|ScaleForm GFx]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#Adobe AIR|Adobe AIR]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Active&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Desktop &amp;amp; NPAPI &amp;amp; Web&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin&amp;gt;Web version requires a browser that supports NPAPI.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20220331041116/https://www.adobe.com/support/flashplayer/debug_downloads.html 32.0.0.465]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform&amp;gt;Requires the third-party software component to access it.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N&amp;gt;Adobe versions discontinued. Harman versions are currently maintained for enterprise customers only.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gitlab.com/cleanflash/installer Clean Flash Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds 34.0.0.376] (Windows, Mac)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds/releases/tag/v1.7 34.0.0.137] (Linux)&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform/&amp;gt; ||{{✗}}||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|LiA|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://ruffle.rs/ {{RuffleVer}}]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://ruffle.rs/downloads Nightly builds]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://lightspark.github.io/ Lightspark]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|W7|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/releases {{LightsparkVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} [https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L451 *]||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv3}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{License|GPLv3}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://awayfl.org/ AwayFL]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/awayfl/awayfl-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://vidkidz.github.io WAFlash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Na}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://swf2js.com/en/ swf2js]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/swf2js/swf2js 0.7.8]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Moco&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/naomiEve/Moco git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gnu.org/software/gnash GNU Gnash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/download.html 0.8.10]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://tulrich.com/textweb.pl?path=geekstuff/gameswf.txt GameSWF]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows7|macOS|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://sourceforge.net/projects/tu-testbed/files/demos/gameswf-2009-08-08/ 2009-08-08]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|PD}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/wiki swfdec]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/download/swfdec/0.8/swfdec-0.8.4.tar.gz 0.8.4]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv21}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/ CheerpX for Flash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://docs.leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/Changelog Version 35]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://open-flash.github.io/ Open Flash / Doμ Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/open-flash/domu-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|AGPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/mozilla/shumway git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Mobile&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle-android git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Reflash&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kyun.flashgame 2.4.1]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.adobe.flashplayer 11.1.115.81]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|WinMobile}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.adobe.com/mena_en/products/flashplayer_pocketpc/downloads/player.html 7]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Lite and Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Symbian|WinMobile|BlackBerry|iOS|Bada|Android}}{{Icon|Wii}}, Chumby, Iriver&lt;br /&gt;
|App Store and Built-in&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Consoles&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FGP3&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PS3}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/DropSonic0/Flash-Player-PS3-Store 1.06]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Green}} {{License|Unlicense}} ({{License|PDEQ}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PSP Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PSP}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/swfplayerv13.7z v13]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FlashNX&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(Ruffle)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Switch}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/Jonathan8520/FlashNX v1.3.0]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=N /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Comparisons===&lt;br /&gt;
====Hybrid====&lt;br /&gt;
;[[Ruffle]] &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://ruffle.rs/demo/ web demo]) ([https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle/issues/310 avm1 compatibility]) ([https://ruffle.rs/avm2.html avm2 compatibility])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:A Rust-based player that targets both HTML5 and desktop. Ruffle has been able to run many early Flash games since 2021, and the main development focus is now on support for newer AVM2-based files, although there are still significant compatibility gaps as of {{CURRENTYEAR}}. Unlike the other HTML5 options, Ruffle can be installed as a WebExtension in browsers that support it, with the caveat that a website&#039;s hosted copy will sometimes override the extension even if the site is running an older build.&lt;br /&gt;
:Ruffle has become hugely popular as an alternative SWF player, being notably used by a bunch of veteran Flash content sites including [https://www.newgrounds.com Newgrounds], [https://homestarrunner.com Homestar Runner], and also by the Internet Archive&#039;s [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash Flash library]. It&#039;s also the most actively developed and the most comprehensive of the open-source players that are available today, so this is your next best option if you don&#039;t want to bother with Flash Player or anything that&#039;s been forked from it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Desktop / NPAPI====&lt;br /&gt;
[[wikipedia:NPAPI|NPAPI]]—in case you don&#039;t remember—is an obsolete browser plugin system designed to allow for interactive web-page elements beyond what early versions of HTML could do on their own. While there were a bunch of different in-browser software platforms co-existing in the earlier days of the internet, NPAPI effectively existed only for the sake of SWF players once the format became properly dominant and pushed everything else out of the in-browser ecosystem. With the shrinking relevance of SWF in the late 2010s, the plugin system that the players relied on was increasingly seen as an ancient relic that modern browsers would be better off without, and so NPAPI started being phased out by all the major browser vendors in late 2020 (around the same time that Adobe was preparing to drop Flash Player itself). NPAPI hasn&#039;t entirely gone away though, as some indie browser devs still maintain it in their own forks of Firefox and Chromium and such.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
:The proprietary reference player, which Adobe stopped directly supporting at the end of 2020 and has since fully delisted from their website. The plugin version has a built-in kill-switch that was flipped in January 2021, so it&#039;s probably not much use even in browsers that still support NPAPI, but the desktop player version is still usable if you download it from an archived version of the Adobe website. It&#039;s also worth noting that the player hasn&#039;t been completely discontinued: Harman International continues to maintain [https://airsdk.harman.com/flashplayer an extended support version] intended for enterprise users; and there&#039;s also a consumer-level Chinese version which is actively developed by Zhongcheng, although you shouldn&#039;t get it from their official site (Flash [dot] cn) because it&#039;ll be full of bundled malware.&lt;br /&gt;
:Despite the hard discontinuation and a lack of support for user-friendly features such as URL spoofing, Adobe&#039;s Flash Player still remains the most widely-compatible desktop player for Flash games as of 2023, which is why the [[Flashpoint]] preservation project still relies on Flash Player to run its SWF games.&lt;br /&gt;
:;Clean Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
::An unofficial effort that takes the still-active Zhongcheng version of Flash Player and repacks it minus as much malware as the Clean Flash project can remove. This might be the better option if you&#039;re looking for an NPAPI player specifically.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Lightspark&lt;br /&gt;
:A C++ player designed to provide drop-in Free and Open-Source replacements for both the desktop and NPAPI versions of Flash Player. It claims to have 88% of the overall SWF spec covered as of {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}, but development has been slow ever since it became a mostly one-person effort circa 2015. Lightspark historically focused on more recent versions of the SWF spec that weren&#039;t supported by Gnash, hence why Lightspark could (and still can) use Gnash as an automatic fallback if both are installed simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GNU Gnash&lt;br /&gt;
:A desktop-only C++ player that went inactive in 2017, with the most recent stable release dating back to 2012. Probably not much reason to use it over newer versions of Lightspark, which seem to have mostly (if not entirely) superseded Gnash for compatibility.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GameSWF &amp;amp; swfdec&lt;br /&gt;
:Two very early efforts to create non-proprietary replacements for the desktop Flash Player, both inactive since 2009 and very much obsolete nowadays. Gnash began as a fork of GameSWF.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====HTML5====&lt;br /&gt;
Pretty much all of the players listed here are specifically designed to be used as [[wikipedia:Polyfill (programming)|polyfills]] by webmasters who want to keep their Flash-based sites going despite the forced obsolescence of Adobe&#039;s in-browser Flash plugin. They are, therefore, largely not intended for personal use, although it&#039;s usually not impossible and some of them even have official demo pages that you can use to load whatever SWF file you want.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;CheerpX for Flash&lt;br /&gt;
:A proprietary software package designed to make the Harman version of Flash Player usable in modern browsers by running it inside CheerpX, a payware x86 emulator in WebAssembly. No one on this wiki has had the chance to properly evaluate it, but we&#039;d expect reference-level accuracy at the cost of woeful performance. That being said, CheerpX can also function as a streaming client to a bundled server app that does the emulation and processing work instead.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;AwayFL &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://exponenta.games/games/AFL/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:Developed by the Away Foundation, this is arguably the most direct alternative to Ruffle, although it has fallen behind in terms of compatibility. Used by [https://www.coolmathgames.com CoolMathGames] for their old Flash games.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;WAFlash &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://clubpenguinadvanced.github.io/waflash-demo/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An inactive, closed-source C++-to-WebAssembly player that technically hasn&#039;t been made available to outside users, although there are a few sites where you can use it. It was considered the most accurate of the unofficial Flash players as of late 2021, although other still-active projects have caught up significantly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;swf2js &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(web demos: [https://swf2js.com/free/index.html free], [https://swf2js.com/prod/index.html production])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An open-core player that uses a dynamic recompiler. The source-available &amp;quot;Free&amp;quot; version supports limited features, such as AS1, AS2 and ZLIB compression. In contrast, the payware &amp;quot;Production&amp;quot; version is better suited to newer Flash files using AS3 and LZMA compression features. Built on more traditional JavaScript code, so it pretty much always performs worse than any of the WebAssembly players, sometimes noticeably so.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
:A relatively early HTML5 player, actively developed under Mozilla sponsorship between 2012 and 2016 but then abandoned before reaching a usable beta state.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Peripherals==&lt;br /&gt;
===ScaleForm GFx===&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx is a discontinued game development middleware package, a vector graphics rendering engine used to display Adobe Flash-based user interfaces and HUDs for video games. In March 2011, Autodesk acquired Scaleform Corporation and Scaleform GFx became part of the Autodesk Gameware line of middleware. On July 12, 2018, Autodesk discontinued Scaleform GFx, and it is no longer available for purchase.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Authors created user interfaces using Adobe Flash authoring tools, such as Adobe Animate (formerly Adobe Flash Professional); the resulting SWF files were used directly by the GFx libraries, providing similar functionality to the Adobe Flash Player but optimized for use within game engines.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx supported all major platforms, including game consoles, mobile and PC operating systems. Scaleform provides APIs for direct communication between Flash content and the game engine, and pre-built integrations for popular engines such as Unity, Unreal Engine, and CryENGINE. Scaleform GFx could also be licensed for use as a standalone Flash runtime system on mobile platforms, competing with Adobe AIR.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Adobe AIR===&lt;br /&gt;
Adobe AIR (also known as Adobe Integrated Runtime and codenamed Apollo) is a cross-platform runtime system currently developed by Harman International, in collaboration with Adobe Inc., for building desktop  and mobile applications, programmed using Adobe Animate, ActionScript, and optionally Apache Flex. It was originally released in 2008. The runtime supports installable applications on Windows, macOS, and mobile operating systems, including Android, iOS, and BlackBerry Tablet OS.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
AIR is a runtime environment that allows Adobe Animate content and ActionScript 3.0 coders to construct applications and video games that run as a stand-alone executable and behave similarly to a native application on supported platforms. An HTML5 application used in a browser does not require installation, while AIR applications require installation from an installer file (Windows and macOS) or the appropriate App Store (iOS and Android). AIR applications have unrestricted access to local storage and file systems, while browser-based applications only have access to individual files selected by users.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash?tab=collection Archive.org-Software Library: Flash] - Internet Archive&#039;s Flash Games Software Library is abundant with options for any level of computer gaming. With an in-site emulator ready to run thousands of games in the Software Library, the Internet Archive can turn your computer into a mini arcade at the click of a button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Resources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://nosamu.medium.com/flash-player-emulators-how-to-play-swfs-in-2021-and-beyond-d56c3899b7e6 Article by nosamu (of Flashpoint): Flash Player Emulators: How to Play SWF Files in 2021 and Beyond]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://huwdp.github.io/Flash-Matrix/ Huw Pritchard&#039;s Flash Matrix] ([https://github.com/huwdp/Flash-Matrix source repo]) &amp;amp;mdash; an effort to calculate AVM2/AS3 support across multiple Flash players&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Not really emulators]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Harimepuffle</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=List_of_consoles&amp;diff=144500</id>
		<title>List of consoles</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=List_of_consoles&amp;diff=144500"/>
		<updated>2026-06-12T18:21:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Harimepuffle: /* Consoles */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Consoles}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Placeholder Section}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{WIP}}&lt;br /&gt;
A &#039;&#039;&#039;console&#039;&#039;&#039; is an electronic device that outputs a video signal or image to display a video game that can typically be played with a game controller. These may be home consoles, which are generally placed in a permanent location connected to a television or other display devices and controlled with a separate game controller, or handheld consoles, which include their own display unit and controller functions built into the unit and which can be played anywhere. Hybrid consoles combine elements of both home and handheld consoles. Lets see how want it for this much consoles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Consoles=&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot; wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:right;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable sortable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:10%&amp;quot; |Manufacturer /&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Developer&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:11.7%&amp;quot; |Console&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:1%&amp;quot; |Generation&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:6.8%&amp;quot; |Year&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:8.7%&amp;quot;|Console Type&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:1%&amp;quot;|[[MAME]] support&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:1%&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;unsortable&amp;quot;|Emulators&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:1%&amp;quot; |ROMs /&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; No-Intro  collection &lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:31%&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;unsortable&amp;quot;|Description and  information on non-mame emulation&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;#&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;#&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|3-Plus&lt;br /&gt;
|DVD-Kids&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|DVD-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by the 3-Plus circa 2005. DVD-Kids is a rare Icelandic console that plugged into your DVD Player. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold, how many game were made for it or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;A&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;A&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Active Cues / Tover &lt;br /&gt;
|Tovertafel&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Projector-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Therapeutic / Medical &lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Amstrad&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Amstrad_CPC_emulators#GX4000|GX4000]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|APF Electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|MP1000 / M-1000&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Apple&lt;br /&gt;
|[[iPod Classic emulators|iPod Classic]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2006 (iPod Games)&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Aquaplus&lt;br /&gt;
|[[P/ECE emulators|P/ECE]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot; |Atari&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari 2600 emulators|2600 / VCS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second &lt;br /&gt;
|1977&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/atari_2600_library Yes] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [http://www.atarimania.com/rom_collection_archive_atari_2600_roms.html ROMs]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari 5200 emulators|5200]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second &lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/atari_5200_library Yes] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [https://archive.org/details/Atari5200_201602 No-intro]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari 7800 emulators|7800]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third &lt;br /&gt;
|1986&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari Jaguar emulators|Jaguar]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari_Jaguar_emulators#Atari_Jaguar_CD|Jaguar CD]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari Lynx emulators|Lynx]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari VCS|VCS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2021&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari_8-bit_emulators#Atari_XEGS|XEGS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;B&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;B&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Baiyi Animation&lt;br /&gt;
|C2: Color &amp;amp; Card&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2015 in China by Baiyi Animation, the extremely rare C2 was made to bank on Roco Kingdom films&#039; popularity but ultimately it ended up a flop. Only 6 games were made for it, and it was discontinued shortly after being released.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bally&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Astrocade]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://ia803208.us.archive.org/view_archive.php?archive=/22/items/Bally_Professional_Arcade_and_Astrocade_TOSEC_2012_04_23/Bally_Professional_Arcade_and_Astrocade_TOSEC_2012_04_23.zip TOSEC]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/bally_astrocade_library Roms]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; |Bandai&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Design Master Senshi Mangajukuu]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.gamingalexandria.com/wp/2020/08/04/bandai-design-master-denshi-mangajuku-complete-game-library-dumps-scans/ Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in Japan by Bandai in 1995, the Denshi Manga Juku was the first touchscreen-based console ever and the predecessor to the [[WonderSwan emulators|WonderSwan]]. It was discontinued in 1996, and only four games were released for it (including, of all things, an exclusive Rockman aka Mega Man game with 9 cartridges having been produced, though only 8 were sent to retailers).&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Digi Casse]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Playdia]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/BandaiPlaydia_Redump.org_2018-01-22 Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|A disc-based system released in Japan by Bandai in 1994. Notably, it had a wireless controller and all of its titles were interactive movies like Dragon&#039;s Lair. No known emulators.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Super Vision 8000]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1979&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Terebikko|Terebikko \ Video Phone]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988 (JP) &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; 1989 (US)&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|The Terebikko is a VHS-Based edutainment console released in Japan by Bandai in 1988 and in the US by Mattel in 1989, The Japanese version had less then 10 games made for it, but most of them are based on high profile properties such as Super Mario, Sailor Moon, Doraemon and Dragon Ball Z, Meanwhile, Only 2 games are known to have been released for the US version, both were discontinued in 1994, and it&#039;s unknown how many units were sold. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[WonderSwan emulators|WonderSwan]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bandai / [[Apple Inc.|Apple]]&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Apple Pippin|Pippin]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1996&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|BBC Enterprises&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:BBC_Bridge_Companion|Bridge Companion]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1985&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=bbcbc Good]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|An 8-bit console made exclusively for teaching people how to play bridge.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|BBK Electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|Electronic Dictionaries &lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 198?&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Like the devices released by Wenquxing, the BBK is a long line of electronic dictionaries that became a mainstay in Chinese portable gaming.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Belogic&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://uzebox.org/ Uzebox]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Home / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|The Uzebox is a retro-minimalist 8-bit open source game console. It is based on an AVR 8-bit general purpose microcontroller made by Atmel. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bit Corporation &lt;br /&gt;
|[[Gamate]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Blaze Entertainment&lt;br /&gt;
|Evercade&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2020&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Evercade EXP&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2022&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Evercade VS&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2021&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Brainchild&lt;br /&gt;
|PLS-1000&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;1994&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20041204044007/http://www.brainchild.com/handhelds.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld &lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20051123065906/http://www.brainchild.com/handhelds.asp Study Buddy]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld &lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bright Things&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://videogamekraken.com/bubble-by-bright-things-plc Bubble]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|DVD-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;C&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;C&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cadaco Toys&lt;br /&gt;
|Buzztime Home Trivia System&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2004, the system is the result of a partnership between Cadaco Toys and NTN Network (now known as [[wikipedia:NTN Buzztime|NTN Buzztime]] since 2006); and, as the name implies, the console was designed around playing trivia with family and friends. The console runs on [https://twitter.com/MameHaze/status/1221263600398094337 Elan Hardware]. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Capcom&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CP_System#Capcom_Power_System_Changer|Power System Changer]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A console version of the Capcom CPS arcade board. Compatible with SNES controllers.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Casio&lt;br /&gt;
|Loopy&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/download/No-Intro-Collection_2016-01-03 No-intro]&lt;br /&gt;
|A Japan-only game console designed for girls focused on printing stickers. A &#039;&#039;&#039;Magical Shop&#039;&#039;&#039; add-on allowed for the printing of any screenshot, not just Loopy games. Only 11 games were released. An emulator called [https://github.com/PSI-Rockin/LoopyMSE LoopyMSE] was released in 2024 and it seems to run the whole library without much problem. Additionally, there&#039;s a frontend called [https://madsonweb.itch.io/cassio-loopy-emulator-zrupi zRupi] that makes things more easier. An [https://github.com/partlyhuman/puppy-love-story/ english translation] for the game [https://vndb.org/v53831 Wanwan Aijou Monogatari] was released in 2025. See {{YouTubeVideo|zaW6EB1poxM|a demonstration}} and {{YouTubeVideo|PNWGVtwTkiM|an overview}}.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PV-1000&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Coleco&lt;br /&gt;
|[[ColecoVision emulators|ColecoVision]]&amp;lt;ref group=c &amp;gt;ColecoVision Clones:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;max-width:100%; overflow:auto;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&lt;br /&gt;
|+  {{Gray|align=left}}&lt;br /&gt;
!Name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Spectravideo SVI-603 Coleco Game Adapter (for hooking up to the [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/results_sys.php?publisher=Spectravideo SVI-318 or SVI-328] computers)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bit Corporation&#039;s [[wikipedia:Dina (video game console)|Dina]] (AKA &amp;quot;Chuang Zao Zhe 50&amp;quot;, Taiwan, 1986)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Telegames#Telegames_Personal_Arcade|Telegames&#039; The Personal Arcade]] (clone of [https://segaretro.org/Dina_2_in_one Dina 2 in 1], 1988)&lt;br /&gt;
|}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [https://archive.org/details/ColecoColecoVision_201602 No-intro]&lt;br /&gt;
|Coleco marketed different add-ons for their console, with one of them being the fast-selling Atari VCS adapter which enables the ColecoVision to play Atari cartridges. Atari sued them, but lost the case. The ColecoVision was sold as NTSC and PAL variants in different regions.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Telstar Arcade&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1977&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1977, Coleco&#039;s first attempt at making a video game console was an odd one, a triangle console with triangle cartridges, and each side of system had a different controller type. The console itself does not have a CPU built-in; instead, each cartridge contained a custom chip based on the [[POS_(Pong_consoles)_CPUs_and_other_chips#Pong_Consoles_.28Pong_In_A_Chip.29|Mostek MPS-7600 POC series.]] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. Only four games were released for the system.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Commodore&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Amiga_Line#Amiga CD32|Amiga CD32]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Amiga_CD32_TOSEC_2009_04_18 TOSEC] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [https://archive.org/details/RedumpAmigaCD32 Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|An ill-fated console version of the Amiga 1200. Its failure led to the bankruptcy of Commodore shortly after the console was discontinued in only 8 months after its release. Can be emulated in [[WinUAE]] like other [[Amiga emulators|Amiga hardware]].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[AmigaOS_emulators#Commodore_CDTV|CDTV]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Amiga_CDTV_TOSEC_2009_04_18 TOSEC] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [https://archive.org/details/RedumpCommodoreAmigaCDTV Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|A console version of the Amiga 500.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Commodore_64_emulators#Commodore_64_Games_System|Commodore 64 Games System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|A hacked-up console version of the regular [[Commodore 64 emulators|Commodore 64]], released only in Europe. Failed hilariously due to its outdated tech (1984 hardware in 1990!), the fact that the normal Commodore 64 was already sufficient, and a bad case of the &#039;no games&#039;. It is supported in [[VICE]], a widely-used emulator for Commodore&#039;s 8-bit computers.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Connor Electronics &lt;br /&gt;
|[[ComputerSmarts]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / VHS-based&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Videosmarts]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1986&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released around 1986 by the Connor Toy Corporation, the Videosmarts is VHS edutainment console that was used to teach pre-school to second grade subjects. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cubios Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|Rubik&#039;s WOWCube&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2025&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Cybiko Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|Cybiko&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2000&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/download/TOSEC_V2017-04-23/Cybiko/ TOSEC]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cybiko Xtreme&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;D&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;D&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Daewoo Electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Zemmix|Zemmix Series]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1985 - 1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Korean system that was simply an MSX/MSX2 (depending on the model) in console form. Mostly just existed as a way to play MSX games. Though there were a few games made specifically for it, they were playable on the MSX as well. Any MSX emulator should work with those games. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dingoo Digital Technology&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Dingoo]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;E&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;E&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Eedoo&lt;br /&gt;
|CT510&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2012&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Taking heavy influenced by the Microsoft Kinect, the CT510 was made by a Chinese company for the Chinese video game market, and it&#039;s one of the rarest consoles ever; Chinese customers reported that on its launch day, they couldn&#039;t find anyone who knew about it, let alone had one in-stock, one article called it [https://web.archive.org/web/20230402205515/https://www.techinasia.com/eedoo-ct150-game-console-launch-china vaporware] on its launch day. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Elonex&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://videogamekraken.com/igame-family-by-elonex iGAME]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Emerson&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Emerson Arcadia 2001 emulators|Arcadia 2001]]&amp;lt;ref group=c&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Arcadia 2001 Clones and variants:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;max-width:100%; overflow:auto;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&lt;br /&gt;
|+  {{Gray|align=left}}&lt;br /&gt;
!Name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Advision Home Arcade&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Arcadia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cosmos&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dynavision&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Ekusera&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Hanimex MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|HMG-2650&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Home Arcade Centre&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Intelligent Game MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Intercord XL 2000 System&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Intervision 2001&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|ITMC MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Leisure-Vision&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Leonardo&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Ormatu 2001&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Palladium Video-Computer-Game&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Polybrain Video Computer Game&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Poppy MPT-03 Tele Computer Spiel&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Prestige Video Computer Game MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Robdajet MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Rowtron 2000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Schmid TVG-2000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Sheen Home Video Centre 2001&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Soundic MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tele Brain&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tele-Fever&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tempest MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tobby MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Trakton Computer Video Game&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tryom Video Game Center&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tunix Home Arcade&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|UVI Compu-Game&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Video Master&lt;br /&gt;
|}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Emerson_Arcadia_2001_TOSEC_2012_04_23 TOSEC]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/emerson_arcadia_library ROMs]&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://adb.arcadeitalia.net/dettaglio_mame.php?game_name=arcadia&amp;amp;search_id= Over 50 games] made for it. The graphic quality is similar to that of the [[Intellivision emulators|Intellivision]] and the [[Magnavox Odyssey² emulators|Odyssey²]]. Sound is still imperfect in games.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Entex Industries &lt;br /&gt;
|[[gametech:Entex_Adventure_Vision|Adventure Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Select-A-Game&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1981&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Epoch&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Barcode Battler]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in Japan by Epoch in 1991 and internationally later in the same year. The console was basically a digital trading card game, whereas the player used Barcodes to get new characters, enemies and power-ups. Barcode cards were available in packs, and the player was even encouraged to use Barcodes found on everyday products around the house. The Barcode Battler was hugely popular in Japan but a major flop elsewhere. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or how many cards were officially released.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Cassette Vision emulators|Cassette Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1981&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Only 12 games exist for this console, and some have been dumped. Seanriddle has succeded to dump the graphic sprites of Kikori no Yosaku. Apparently, the BIOS for the console is inside each cart. Latest MAME forum [http://forums.bannister.org//ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&amp;amp;Number=102087&amp;amp;page=4 thread].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Game Pocket Computer&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Super Cassette Vision emulators|Super Cassette Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Excalibur Electronics &lt;br /&gt;
|Bible Challenge&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 200?&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released sometime in the early 2000s by Excalibur Electronics, Bible Challenge is a educational game handheld console made to teach kids the Bible. It was re-released as &amp;quot;Bible Quest&amp;quot; at some point but its unknown when this variant was released. Around five games were released for the system and it&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;F&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Fairchild&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Fairchild Channel F emulators|Channel F]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1976&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/FairchildChannelF No-intro]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/channelf_library Roms]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Fairchild Channel F emulators|Channel F II]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1980&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|N/A&lt;br /&gt;
|An update to the Channel F, with no known exclusive games.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; |Fisher-Price&lt;br /&gt;
|Interac TV &lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by Fisher-Price in 2006. The Interac TV was designed to turn any DVD Player into an educational console. Just sync the custom wireless controller to your DVD Player and put a game disk in. Unfortunately, incompatibility issues resulted in most customers being unable to sync the controller with their player, and some even said that their DVD player couldn&#039;t even read the disks. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[IXL]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by Fisher-Price in 2010 and discontinued in 2012, the iXL is a touchscreen-based console designed for kids 3 to 7 years of age; it&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or how many games were released for it. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Kasey the Kinderbot&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2002&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / Toy / Robot&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Pixter]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2000&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Pixter Color]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Pixter Multimedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Smart Cycle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2007&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2007 by Fisher-Price, it&#039;s not to be confused with their later phone/tablet controller of the same name. The Smart Cycle is a hybrid between an exercise bike and a edutainment console. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Franklin&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Franklin Electronic Publishers|Bookman]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / eReader / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Franklin Electronic Publishers first released the Bookman in 1989. It was marketed as electronic book, never designed to be a video game system, yet the Bookman still has a place in video game history. The Bookman line of devices were originally sold in 1989 as &amp;quot;Electronic Bibles&amp;quot; that costed {{Inflation|USD|299.99|1989}} before expanding into electronic versions of non-religious books in the early 90s. All models have a cartridge slot for other books and games. They were all trivia or some other kind of word game. How many units were sold and the number of games that were released are unknown.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Fujitsu&lt;br /&gt;
|[[FM Towns emulators|FM Towns Marty]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Trurip&lt;br /&gt;
|An early fifth-generation console released by Fujitsu in 1993, which is basically a consolized [[FM Towns emulators|FM-Towns]] personal computer. Despite being claimed to be the first 32-bit CD-based home video game system, it failed due to its astronomical price. Another version called the {{YouTubeVideo|RQs7zyn4uVQ|Car Marty}} was also released, designed to be a GPS for automobiles. Preliminary MAME support for both.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Funsation&lt;br /&gt;
|Off-The-Wall Projector&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Projector-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1989 by the European company Funsation (the exact origin is unknown). This projector-based console somehow sold worse and is even rarer then the &amp;quot;Mega Video Game&amp;quot; (a similar console that also flopped). It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Funtech&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Super A&#039;Can]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;G&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;G&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Gakken&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia: Gakken Compact Vision TV Boy|Compact TV Boy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Gamepad Digital&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GPD XD/XD+]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |GamePark Holdings&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GP2X emulators|GP2X]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GP2X Wiz emulators|GP2X Wiz]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GP32 emulators|GP32]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Giochi Preziosi&lt;br /&gt;
|My Life&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2007&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;H&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;H&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Hartung&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game Master]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Hasbro&lt;br /&gt;
|[[ION]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in time for the 2005 Holiday season, the Ion is basically a PS2 Eye-Toy turned into an edutainment console for preschoolers. At the time, the Ion had been turning heads at toy fairs, hype had been building, and the console had been looking to be a real hit for Hasbro, but for whatever reason, the console flopped and disappeared into obscurity faster than the refunds could be made. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|HyperMegaTech!&lt;br /&gt;
|Super Pocket&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2023&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;I&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;I&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Innovations for Learning&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Teachermate]]&amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Teachermate Handheld Educational Computer&amp;quot;&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Interactive Learning Group&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://consollection.de/model/video-buddy Video Buddy]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in November of 1999 by the Interactive Learning Group, the Video Buddy is a VHS-based console designed for children aged 3 to 7 years old and had about 20 games released for it. A revision of the Video Buddy that used DVDs instead of VHSs was released in 2003, and while both versions had initially been successful, a crowded &amp;quot;children&amp;quot; console market led to its downfall. The other company that made the DVD-based console shut down in 2006. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Interton&lt;br /&gt;
|[[gametech:Interton_VC_4000|VC 4000]]&amp;lt;ref group=c&amp;gt;VC-4000 clones:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;max-width:100%; overflow:auto;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&lt;br /&gt;
|+  {{Gray|align=left}}&lt;br /&gt;
!Name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Jeu Video TV&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Super Play Computer 4000&lt;br /&gt;
|}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;J&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;J&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|J.Cock&lt;br /&gt;
|Z400S&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 199?&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld / Business&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in Japan sometime in the 90s, the Z400S was made for gambling or prize winning games, not for the home console market. A business like a Bar or Hotel would lend it to a costumer, so they could play a casino-type game. It&#039;s speculated that it used PC Engine (TurboGrafx-16) hardware but nothing has been confirmed. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|JungleTac&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Sport Vii|Sport Vii]]/Vii/V-Sport&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2007&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|A rather poor excuse of a response to the [[Wii emulators|Wii]], made by JungleTac, KenSingTon, with a dozen or so manufacturers churning out shoddy variants of it. Emulators have recently been made for the platform, with several projects aiming to provide support for Sunplus&#039; rather oddball architecture, such as [https://web.archive.org/web/20150916124951/http://www.maxconsole.com/maxcon_forums/threads/280551-MuchimeX-v0-5-has-been-released! MuchimeX for the original Xbox], and [http://hackmii.com/2010/04/sunplus-the-biggest-chip-company-youve-never-heard-of/ Unununium], the latter being the basis for a [[MESS]] core. The same goes for VTech&#039;s [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=vsmile V.Smile], the [[wikipedia:Xavix|XaviXPORT]] and most [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=batmantv Jakks Pacific] TV games including those [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=walle Disney tie-in ones].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;K&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;K&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |K&#039;s Kids&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20170110002414/http://kmagic.kskids.com/ K-Magic]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by in 2010 by K&#039;s Kids for the &#039;0- to 6-year old children&#039; market, the K-Magic is an educational handheld console that used cartridges called &amp;quot;Magic Cards&amp;quot; and was overall designed to be as simple as possible. It was discontinued in 2018 with the release of the K-Magic 2. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it or how many units were sold.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20260216184758/https://www.kmagic2pro.kskids.com/ K-Magic 2]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2018&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2022 (Pro)&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2018 by K&#039;s Kids for the &#039;0- to 6-year old children&#039; market, the K-Magic 2 simplifies the original console by having everything already built-in and ready for parents and children to use. Because it&#039;s still being sold, when it will be discontinued and info on how many units have been sold has so far not been released to the public. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Kevin Bates&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Arduboy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Koei&lt;br /&gt;
|PasoGo&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1996&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|In 1996, Koei released a Game Boy competitor in Japan called the PasoGo. For some reason, Koei decided to market it as being designed specifically to play the traditional Asian board game, Go. The console flopped thanks to its high price tag of 39,800 Yen (about $600 when adjusted for inflation), the size of the device, and the fact that all six launch titles were slightly different versions of Go. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Konami&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Picno]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1992&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / Drawing Tablet&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in Japan by Konami in 1992, the extremely rare Picno is an odd hybrid of a video game console and a drawing tablet that used cartridges similar to [[wikipedia:HuCard|HuCard]] and reminds of [https://segaretro.org/Sega_Pico Sega Pico]. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold, when it was discontinued or how many games were released. [http://videogamesdensetsu.tumblr.com/post/142354502350/the-konami-picno-%E3%83%94%E3%82%AF%E3%83%8E-1992-a-drawing-tablet Software &amp;amp; sources lists].&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;L&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Landmark Entertainment&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Captain Power]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;11&amp;quot; |LeapFrog&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.toydirectory.com/monthly/new_product.asp?id=17781 Crammer Study &amp;amp; Sound System]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / Handheld &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; Media Player / Study Tool&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A hybrid system released in 2008 by LeapFrog that combines a Studying Tool, Portable Music Player, and a Handheld console into one device. It appears to be one of LeapFrog&#039;s least successful devices considering how obscure the Crammer is. How many units sold, number of games were released and when it was discontinued is unknown.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Didj emulators|Didj]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|iQuest &lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2002 &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; 2004 (v4.0)&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|An odd hybrid of an Educational Console and a basic PDA released by LeapFrog in 2002. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Leapster]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth &lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|The Leapster Learning Game System (Released in late 2003) is an educational handheld game console aimed at 4 to 10-year-olds (preschool to fourth grade), made by LeapFrog Enterprises. Its games teach the alphabet, phonics, basic arithmetical operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division), art, and animal facts to players. It featured a touchscreen and games from various licenses from Thomas &amp;amp; Friends to Sonic X. Its software seems to be based on Macromedia Flash. Oddly enough, its successors, i.e. the Didj, Leapster Explorer, and LeapPad series of tablets, which run on the Pollux and NXP3200 platforms (along with a customized Linux distribution), have decent homebrew scenes, including even some emulators.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Leapster|Leapster 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Leapster Explorer]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[LeapsterGS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2012&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|LeapTV&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2014&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Little Leaps Grow-with-Me Learning System&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Little Leaps&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Rockit Twist]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2019&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Zippity]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|LG&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20190920074903/https://liliputing.com/2012/11/lg-kids-pad-tablet-hits-south-korea-for-276.html Kids Pad]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2012&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2012 by LG, the Kids Pad was only sold in South Korea. It featured an app store and support for cartridges. How many units sold, number of games were released and when it was discontinued is unknown. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Lico&lt;br /&gt;
|[[CAI System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 199?&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A console released by Lico around the early to mid 90s, this Taiwan-only console is even rarer then the Super A&#039;Can. There is very little known about it other than that it seems to be an educational console and that it&#039;s not a famiclone. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold, when it was discontinued or how many games were released.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|LJN&lt;br /&gt;
|Video Art&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A notorious &amp;quot;educational&amp;quot; console made by LJN released in 1985. It was meant as a paint-type system that was meant to compete against television rather than mainstream consoles at the time. It flopped hard. See {{YouTubeVideo|neURIc_A3js|the commercial}} and {{YouTubeVideo|8-zEhhTqdvg|AVGN Review}}.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;M&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;M&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|M&amp;amp;D &lt;br /&gt;
|Monon Color&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2014&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Like the C2, the Monon Color from 2014 also tried to bank on Roco Kingdom films&#039; popularity and was only slightly more successful; it&#039;s unknown how many games (at least 15) were released for it or when it was discontinued. Preliminary support for it was added in MAME [https://www.reddit.com/r/emulation/comments/a9i37l/mame_0205/ 0.205] on [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MAME_0.205 December 2018], and promoted to working state in MAME [https://www.mamedev.org/?p=516#readmore 0.247] on 31 August 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Magnavox&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Magnavox Odyssey emulators|Odyssey]]&lt;br /&gt;
|First&lt;br /&gt;
|1972&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|N/A&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Magnavox Odyssey² emulators|Odyssey²]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Manley&lt;br /&gt;
|GoGo TV Video Vision&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released sometime between 2005 and 2006 by Manley, the GoGo is another EyeToy-turned-into-edutainment console, and like the Ion, it flopped and has since fallen into obscurity. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Mattel&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Intellivision_emulators#ECS|ECS]]&amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Entertainment Computer System&amp;quot;&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[HyperScan]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Intellivision emulators|Intellivision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1979&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Intellivision emulators|Intellivision II]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|An update to the Intellivision, with no known exclusive games.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Memorex&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Tandy_Video_Information_System|VIS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1992&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/MemorexVisualInformationSystem-Redump.org2019-05-27 Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|A beautiful monster sold only at RadioShack in the early 90s. Its software may be playable on Windows 3.x emulators, as the console&#039;s OS was an altered version of that.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Microsoft&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Xbox emulators|Xbox]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Xbox 360 emulators|Xbox 360]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Xbox One emulators|Xbox One]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2013&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Xbox Series X and Series S|Xbox Series X/S]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2020&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Milton Bradley &lt;br /&gt;
|[[MicroVision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1979&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[OMNI]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1980&lt;br /&gt;
|Luggable&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Milton Bradley / &amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;General Consumer Electronics&amp;quot;&amp;gt;GCE&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Vectrex emulators|Vectrex]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Luggable&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;N&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;N&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |NEC&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PC-FX emulators|PC-FX]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PC Engine (TurboGrafx-16) emulators|PC Engine / TurboGrafx-16]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PC Engine SuperGrafx emulators|PC Engine SuperGrafx]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nichibutsu&lt;br /&gt;
|[[My Vision emulators|My Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nikko&lt;br /&gt;
|DigiBlast&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;17&amp;quot; |Nintendo&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo 3DS emulators|3DS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2011&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo Entertainment System emulators|Famicom / NES]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo Entertainment System emulators|Famicom Disk System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1986&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game Boy (Color) emulators|Game Boy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game Boy Advance emulators|Game Boy Advance]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game Boy (Color) emulators|Game Boy Color]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo GameCube emulators|GameCube]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo 64 emulators|N64]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1996&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo_64_emulators#64DD_emulation|N64DD]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo DS emulators|NDS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2009 (DSi)&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Pokémon mini emulators|Pokémon Mini]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/download/TOSEC_V2017-04-23/Nintendo/Pokemon%20Mini/ TOSEC]&lt;br /&gt;
|A very downgraded Game Boy (but also the tiniest cart-based handheld device made by Nintendo). It was first released in NA and then Japan in late 2001. Only Pokemon related games were released, and its library of games is also very limited. It&#039;s also very rare nowadays. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Super Nintendo Entertainment System emulators|Super Famicom / SNES]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo Switch emulators|Switch]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2017&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo Switch 2 emulators|Switch 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2025&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Virtual Boy emulators|Virtual Boy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Luggable&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Wii emulators|Wii]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Wii U emulators|Wii U]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2012&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nokia&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Symbian_emulators#N-Gage|N-Gage]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;O&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;O&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Ouya, Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ouya emulators|Ouya]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2013&lt;br /&gt;
|Microconsole&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;P&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;P&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Palmtex&lt;br /&gt;
|Super Micro / &amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Portable Videogame System&amp;quot;&amp;gt;PVS&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Panic Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Playdate]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2022&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Philips&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Philips CD-i emulators|CD-i]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/redumpPhilipsCdi Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|Thanks to working with Nintendo to develop a CD add-on for the SNES, the CD-i is notorious for having egregiously terrible Zelda games, as well as having a polarizing Mario game. Big N has basically &#039;&#039;disowned&#039;&#039; their existence and considered it a blank space in their official history. Aggressively promoted and held on for multiple years with multiple different models (targeted at every customer from gamers to pharmaceutical companies), but couldn&#039;t compete with mainstream consoles and computers of the time.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.pong-story.com/spiel.htm Tele-Spiel]&lt;br /&gt;
|First&lt;br /&gt;
|1975&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Only sold in Europe, the Tele-Spiel console was released by Philips in 1975 and had hardware very similar to Odyssey&#039;s. It sold poorly and wasn&#039;t on the market for very long. Only 5 games were released.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Magnavox Odyssey² emulators#Philips Videopac+ G7400|Videopac+ G7400]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Philips_Videopac_Plus_TOSEC_2012_04_23 TOSEC]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Pioneer Corporation&lt;br /&gt;
|[[LaserActive]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PlayJam&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GameStick emulators|GameStick]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2013&lt;br /&gt;
|Microconsole&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Playtime Products&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Grandstand_(game_manufacturer)#Projector-based_&#039;Light&#039;_games|Projector Mega Video Game]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988&lt;br /&gt;
|Projector-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1988 by the Hong Kongese company Playtime Products, the Mega Video Game played Game &amp;amp; Watch style games and used a built-in projector as its display. Less then 15 games were released for the system. It was discontinued sometime between 1989 and 1990. How many units were sold is unknown.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Pokitto&lt;br /&gt;
|Pokitto&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2018&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|The Pokitto is a DIY handheld that aims to aid users into learning how to program games and create/build gadgets for it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
At Maker Faire Rome in 2016, prototypes of the Pokitto were available for hands on demonstrations. A Kickstarter campaign for the project was launched on April 28, 2017. The Pokitto was released around NY 2018. Pokitto Magazine Issue 1 was released in July 2019.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Publications International&lt;br /&gt;
|Story Reader Video +&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / eBook&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2006 by Publications International. The Video + turns the Story Reader electronic book into one of many educational consoles of the 2000s. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. Around 7 games were released for the system.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;R&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;R&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Radofin&lt;br /&gt;
|[[gametech:1292_Advanced_Programmable_Video_System|1292 Advanced Programmable&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; Video System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|RCA&lt;br /&gt;
|[[gametech:RCA_Studio_II|Studio II]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1977&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Romtec&lt;br /&gt;
||[[wikipedia:Romtec Colorvision|Colorvision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1984, the Colorvision was another cheaply made console released during the [[:wikipedia:Video game crash of 1983|video game crash]]. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. Only 5 games were released for it.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;S&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;S&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;13&amp;quot; |Sega&lt;br /&gt;
|[[32X]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Advanced Pico Beena]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Dreamcast emulators|Dreamcast]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Family Driver / Video Driver&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Sega also had a go with the VHS-based console market with the Family Driver/Video Driver from 1988, and unlike most of these type of consoles, this one did not play light-gun games but instead played driving games. Only three games were released for the system; it&#039;s unknown when Sega discontinued it.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Master System/Game Gear emulators|Game Gear]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Sega Genesis emulators|Genesis]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Master System/Game Gear emulators|Master System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1985&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nomad]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Sega Pico|Pico]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Sega_Pico_TOSEC_2012_04_13 TOSEC]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/download/No-Intro-Collection_2015-03-03 No-intro]&lt;br /&gt;
||Child&#039;s edutainment console released in 1993. Was actually fairly successful. Has good support in [[MAME]].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Sega Saturn emulators|Saturn]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Sega_Genesis_emulators#Sega_CD.2C_32X.2C_and_Sega_CD_32X|Sega CD]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[SG-1000 emulators|SG-1000]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[VMU emulators|VMU]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;  Peripheral / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Select Merchandise&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Video Challenger|Video Challenger]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/handheld/hh_cop400.cpp#L2837 *]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1987 by Select Merchandise and licensed to 4 companies in different regions, this VHS-based console only had around 8 games released for it, and like most systems of this type, it only played light-gun games. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |SNK Corporation&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Neo Geo and variants|Neo-Geo AES]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Neo Geo and variants|Neo-Geo CD]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Neo Geo Pocket emulators|Neo-Geo Pocket]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Neo Geo Pocket emulators|Neo-Geo Pocket Color]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; |Sony&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation emulators|PlayStation]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation 2 emulators|PlayStation 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2000&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation 3 emulators|PlayStation 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation 4 emulators|PlayStation 4]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2013&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation 5 emulators|PlayStation 5]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2020&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation Portable emulators|PlayStation Portable]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation Vita emulators|PlayStation Vita]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2011&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PocketStation emulators|PocketStation]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PSX]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Toio&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2019&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / Toy / Robot&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Soundic&lt;br /&gt;
|PC-50x Series&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1977&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Designed by Soundic and released by many different companies, the PC-50x is a series of consoles is similar to Telstar Arcade, these systems have no built-in CPU and use cartridges that have a [[POS_(Pong_consoles)_CPUs_and_other_chips#Pong_Consoles_.28Pong_In_A_Chip.29|POC]] inside. These systems were first released in 1977, with only around 8 games known to have been released in their lifetime.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20231002042335/http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=2&amp;amp;c=1294 SD-290]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by Soundic in 1983, the SD-290 was designed to undercut the competition, but its lack of compelling games and dated hardware drove customers away from it. Only 11 of the 16 games planned for the system were released. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. Furthermore, it&#039;s important to note that Soundic sold SD-290 motherboards to various companies to rebrand them as their own consoles. Excluding the original console, there were five versions of this system are known to have existed so far, these include:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Soundic Soundicvision SD-200&lt;br /&gt;
*Hanimex HMG-7900&lt;br /&gt;
*Rollet Video-Color&lt;br /&gt;
*JouéClub SD-290&lt;br /&gt;
*ITMC SD-290&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With the exception of the SD-200 (no one seems know where it was released), all of them were only released in France.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|SSD Company&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:XaviXPORT|XaviXPORT]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} [https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/xavix.cpp Preliminary]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A fitness-based system employing the usage of motion controls in an effort to get players off of the couch - beating Nintendo&#039;s [[Wii_emulators|Wii]] by more than 2 years! Each game cart came with a dedicated controller and an own CPU (not in the system, similarly to Super FX chips in some SNES carts or Sega Virtual Processor in Genesis&#039; Virtua Racing). The XaviXPORT was actually developed by eight of the engineers who worked on the original development of the [[Nintendo_Entertainment_System_emulators|NES]]. An upgraded version with a 16-bit &amp;quot;Super XaviX&amp;quot; CPU compared to the original 8-bit CPU came in 2005. Also of note is the fact that Jackie Chan partnered with SSD Company Limited in order to bring his likeness to the console, which resulted in two licensed games. [https://mamedev.emulab.it/haze David Haywood] is particularly working on reverse-engineering the XaviX technology for MAME.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Steepler&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo_Entertainment_System_emulators#Dendy|Dendy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1992&lt;br /&gt;
|Clone&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|[[FCEUX]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [[Mesen]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|The most well-known Famiclone, sold in Russia by Steepler, outselling the official PAL model NES (not officially imported at all). In technical details, it&#039;s basically the same as an NTSC-J Famicom running at 50Hz + SECAM colour mode, with the correct audio pitch (unlike the PAL NES which has a bunch of other changes to the CPU and PPU that break timing-sensitive games). [https://forums.nesdev.org/viewtopic.php?t=20931 This thread on nesdev] explains more.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The main reason to use this over NTSC would be if some pirate game targeted PAL Famiclones, other than that there&#039;s hardly much difference to it than running in NTSC unless you&#039;re nostalgic for the unoptimised slowed-down versions from pirate multicarts.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;T&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;T&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tapwave&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Tapwave_Zodiac|Zodiac]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A handheld released in 2003 that used an enhanced Palm OS. Ahead of its time, even receiving awards. However, the PSP and Nintendo DS killed it. {{YouTubeVideo|Mz3nNKQRnNQ|LGR Review}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Telegames &lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Dina_(video_game_console)|Dina]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1986&lt;br /&gt;
|Clone&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Hybrid / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid clone of both the [[SG-1000 emulators|SG-1000]] and [[ColecoVision emulators|ColecoVision]]. Sold by Telegames as the Telegames Personal Arcade, allegedly with permission from Coleco themselves. The console&#039;s build quality leaves a lot to be desired, not to mention that games for the aforementioned platforms can be played on most [[ColecoVision emulators]] anyway.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[The 3DO Company]]&lt;br /&gt;
|[[3DO emulators|3DO Interactive Multiplayer]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/3DO_2017_Reference_Set_Redump_Validated_ROMs Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|A 32-bit console first released on October 4, 1993. It failed to gain momentum in the fifth-generation market, and was discontinued in late 1996.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Tiger Electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|BattleVision&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|BattleVision is a VHS console released by Tiger Electronics in 1994.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game.com]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1997&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Giga Pets Explorer]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Handheld / Home / Toy&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[R-Zone]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tiger Electronics / Hasbro&lt;br /&gt;
|[[VideoNow XP]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tiger Telematics&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Gizmondo emulators|Gizmondo]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|TimeTop&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Gameking|GameKing]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|A rather strange attempt at making a Gameboy-esque handheld, manufactured and marketed by TimeTop (aka Guangzhou Daidaixing Tec. Electronics Co. Ltd.) in 2003. Strangely enough, this one&#039;s even more primitive than the Supervision, Gamate and Mega Duck consoles before it, as it uses a lower-resolution 64x32 screen, and it is despite companies such as Subor (i.e. that Chinese company who gained notoriety for developing an AMD-based gaming PC/console hybrid) releasing workalike clones of the [[Game Boy/Game Boy Color emulators|Game Boy]] and, more recently, GBA clones. MAME seems to emulate well all known carts.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|TinyCircuits&lt;br /&gt;
|Thumby&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2022&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|A teeny tiny, fully working handheld that also makes for a cute keychain. You&#039;re also able to program games for it, and it even has Link Cable style multiplayer support. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Tomy&lt;br /&gt;
|Data Battle Virtual Simulation&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Kiss-site&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1997&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A karaoke-based game console.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Pyuuta Jr.&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|This was the consolized version of the Tomy Tutor.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Toshiba&lt;br /&gt;
|Visicom COM-100&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Toymax&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://videogamekraken.com/arcadia-skeet-shoot-by-toymax Arcadia Skeet Shoot]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Projector-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in October of 1998 by Toymax (the makers of the Creepy Crawlers and My Pet Monster toys), this projector-based console, that only [http://kevinisblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/arcadia-electronic-skeet-shoot-game.html played light-gun games], had sold 435,000 units in the first 18 months before being recalled after reports of projectors overheating, melting, smoking and, in a few rare cases, causing burn injuries (faulty cartridges were to blame). After about three revisions, the system was discontinued sometime between 2000 and 2001, with only 5 out of the 9 games advertised known to have been released. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold once the console was relaunched after the recall.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;V&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|View-Master&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:View-Master_Interactive_Vision|Interactive Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|1988 edutainment VHS console that used two audio tracks on each tape, with the player choosing one of two options on the screen, to create interactivity. Also had short mini-game segments with ColecoVision-like graphics. Unlike the other VHS systems, the games were actually decent. No known emulators. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|VM Labs&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nuon emulators|Nuon]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2000&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / DVD-player&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;12&amp;quot; |VTech&lt;br /&gt;
|[[CreatiVision]]&amp;lt;ref group=c&amp;gt;CreatiVision clones and variants:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;max-width:100%; overflow:auto;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&lt;br /&gt;
|+  {{Gray|align=left}}&lt;br /&gt;
!Name&lt;br /&gt;
!Country&lt;br /&gt;
!Hardware&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Category&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dick Smith Wizzard &lt;br /&gt;
|Australia / New Zealand&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Educat 2002 &lt;br /&gt;
|Israel&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FunVision Computer Video Games System &lt;br /&gt;
|Oceania&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Hanimex Rameses &lt;br /&gt;
|Oceania&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Laser 2001&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Computer&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Salora Manager &lt;br /&gt;
|Finland&lt;br /&gt;
|Computer&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|VZ 2000 &lt;br /&gt;
|Oceania&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / Computer&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
||This [[:wikipedia:VTech CreatiVision|hybrid computer and console]] were [https://computer.wikia.com/wiki/VTech_CreatiVision distributed to many different countries around the world and some variants were rebadged units with different names]. [http://www.madrigaldesign.it/creativemu/emulators.php Emulators list].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Gamate 3D]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[InnoTab]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2011&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://myrient.erista.me/files/MAME/Software%20List%20ROMs%20%28split%29/vtech_innotab_cart/ Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[InnoTV]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://myrient.erista.me/files/MAME/Software%20List%20ROMs%20%28split%29/vtech_innotv_cart/ Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[MobiGo]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nitro Vision&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[ProScreen]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Socrates]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/socrates_library Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|Old edutainment console released in 1988. It featured a robot-type character called Socrates and had wireless infrared controllers. The same company would later release the V.Smile and V.Flash systems many years later. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[V.Flash emulators|V.Flash]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;(V.Smile Pro)&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/VTech_V.Flash_V.Smile_Pro_-_Redump.org_Rom_Set Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2006, the V.Flash was a spin-off console to the V.Smile Series created by VTech. Like the V.Smile, it was an educational console for children of ages around 6 to 9, but, unlike the V.Smile that used ROM cartridges, the V.Flash used CD-ROM. It also had 3D based graphics rather than 2D on the V.Smile. It had around 10 games, with most of them being licensed children IPs such as Disney. It was discontinued a year after its release. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[V.Reader|V.Reader]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://myrient.erista.me/files/MAME/Software%20List%20ROMs%20%28split%29/vtech_storio_cart/ Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[V.Smile emulators|V.Smile]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/VTechV.Smile Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|V.Smile is an educational game console by VTech. It derived from Sunplus&#039; 16-bit SPG-series CPU architecture, which had similar peers including most [http://pnp-info.angelfire.com/ Jakks Pacific TV games] and Vii. The XaviXPORT was similar but had its own custom XaviX CPUs. Several variants of the V.Smile console are sold, including handheld versions or models with added functionality, such as touch tablet, integrated controllers, microphones or motion-sensitive controllers. 69 unique V.Smile games are known to have been released. Since [https://twitter.com/TheMogMiner/status/1282712009142829059 July 2020], every dumped V-Tech V. Smile Motion game now runs in MAME. So, too, do all V. Smile games that use a standard controller, apart from one bad dump (Italian version of Toy Story 3) (Same month Nintendo&#039;s [[Game &amp;amp; Watch]] titles were fully compatible for v0.223).&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Variety]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;W&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;W&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Watara&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Supervision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1992&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Welback Holdings&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Mega Duck]] / Cougar Boy&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Wenquxing&lt;br /&gt;
|Electronic Dictionaries&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 199?&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/hackwaly/jswqx Jswqx (web-based emulator)]&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/hackwaly/jswqx/tree/master/rom Yes] &amp;lt;ref group=N&amp;gt;Currently, only the NC1020 model has been dumped&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|First Released in China in around the late 90s to early 2000s, these devices were designed to be electronic dictionaries, but thanks to their unparalleled extensibility such as built-in BASIC runtime and abilities to run third-party assembly programs, their intended purpose soon fell to the wayside when Hobbyist programmers started to make games for them. These devices from Wenquxing now play a big role in Chinese portable gaming. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Worlds of Wonder&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Action Max]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20150512114240/http://www.singeengine.com/cms/node/6 SINGE]&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS tape console released in 1987 by Worlds of Wonder. It relied on light gun and score counter for all of its 5 games, which could not really be lost. There&#039;s an add-on for the multi-[[Arcade LaserDisc emulators|arcade LaserDisc emulator]] [[DAPHNE]] called SINGE, which can possibly emulate the console. We&#039;re in murky waters here, so run this at your own risk {{YouTubeVideo|mj498-wkOz4|Cinemassacre Demonstration}}&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;X&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;Z&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;Z&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|ZAPiT Games&lt;br /&gt;
|Game Wave&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/ZAPiT_GameWave_Redump_2017-12-23 Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|A console released in 2005 by ZAPiT Games. The development of the Game Wave started in 2004, around the same time as the Nintendo Wii did, and the console was doomed to obscurity thanks to bad timing and a poor library of games that mainly consisted of trivia games and clones of popular game franchises (Gemz = Bejeweled, VeggieTales = Mario Party)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Zeebo Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Zeebo]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Miscellaneous=&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot; wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:right;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable sortable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:10%&amp;quot; |Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:10.4%&amp;quot; |Manufacturer/Developer&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Generation&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:5%&amp;quot; |Year&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:6.7%&amp;quot;|Console Type&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:5.7%&amp;quot;|[[MAME]] support&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:5%&amp;quot; |ROMs /&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; No-Intro &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; collection &lt;br /&gt;
! class=&amp;quot;unsortable&amp;quot;|Description and other emulators&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Android_emulators#Android_consoles|Android consoles]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Consoles that run on Android as their operating system. Most of them only run cellphone games and emulators, but some of them have their own unique games or heavy-hitting titles ported from other platforms.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GameTank]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Clydeware&lt;br /&gt;
|Unreleased&lt;br /&gt;
|TBA&lt;br /&gt;
|Home &lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[POS (Pong Consoles) CPUs and Other Chips#Pong_Consoles_.28Pong_In_A_Chip.29|Pong Consoles]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|First&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Consoles that run on Android as their operating system. Most of them only run cellphone games and emulators, but some of them have their own unique games or heavy-hitting titles ported from other platforms.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Smart TV Consoles&lt;br /&gt;
|Clementoni&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|2010s&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Launched sometime in the early 2010s by Italian toy company, Clementoni seemingly as a partnership with Hong Kongese toy company, WinFun, Smart TV is series of educational consoles mainly sold in Italy ([http://eshop.digitalelectronic.it/CONSOLE-CLEMENTONI-12303-SAPIENTINO-PLUS-SMART-TV Example]). The controllers of these consoles ranged from traditional to the gimmicky with some having motion and PS2 EyeToy-like controls. There is around 10 to 25 games that were released for these European systems. It&#039;s unknown how many units have sold been or when this line of systems was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Unreleased consoles]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} Various&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
{{NEL}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Encyclopedia=&lt;br /&gt;
* [[wikipedia:List of first generation home video game consoles|List of first generation home video game consoles]] (Amazingly exhaustive wiki list. 888 listed consoles, but over 900 existed.)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[wikipedia:First generation of video game consoles|First generation of video game consoles]] (Wikipedia page. History and major competitors plus a small sector on handheld systems.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=External Links=&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://gamebroscentral.com/first-generation/ 1972-1977: The Home Gaming Revolution] at Game Bros Central ([https://web.archive.org/web/20200722010641/https://gamebroscentral.com/first-generation/ Web Archive] on July 22, 2020. Brief history of 7 major companies behind the first generation, plus a small list of other first-gen home consoles)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=References=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=N /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Clones and Variants==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=c /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Further info:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/sysset.php www.progettoemma.net&#039;s Systems list] (ProjectMESS&#039; list of computer &amp;amp; console systems &amp;amp; their overall emulation status in MAME/MESS)&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/lsset.php www.progettoemma.net&#039;s Software list] (ProjectMESS&#039; list of computer &amp;amp; console systems &amp;amp; their emulation levels of all games in MAME/MESS)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Consoles| ]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Various video game console-generations]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Various emulation]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Harimepuffle</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=List_of_consoles&amp;diff=144473</id>
		<title>List of consoles</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=List_of_consoles&amp;diff=144473"/>
		<updated>2026-06-12T04:23:32Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Harimepuffle: /* Consoles */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Consoles}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Placeholder Section}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{WIP}}&lt;br /&gt;
A &#039;&#039;&#039;console&#039;&#039;&#039; is an electronic device that outputs a video signal or image to display a video game that can typically be played with a game controller. These may be home consoles, which are generally placed in a permanent location connected to a television or other display devices and controlled with a separate game controller, or handheld consoles, which include their own display unit and controller functions built into the unit and which can be played anywhere. Hybrid consoles combine elements of both home and handheld consoles. Lets see how want it for this much consoles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Consoles=&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot; wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:right;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable sortable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:10%&amp;quot; |Manufacturer /&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Developer&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:11.7%&amp;quot; |Console&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:1%&amp;quot; |Generation&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:6.8%&amp;quot; |Year&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:8.7%&amp;quot;|Console Type&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:1%&amp;quot;|[[MAME]] support&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:1%&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;unsortable&amp;quot;|Emulators&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:1%&amp;quot; |ROMs /&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; No-Intro  collection &lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:31%&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;unsortable&amp;quot;|Description and  information on non-mame emulation&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;#&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;#&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|3-Plus&lt;br /&gt;
|DVD-Kids&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|DVD-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by the 3-Plus circa 2005. DVD-Kids is a rare Icelandic console that plugged into your DVD Player. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold, how many game were made for it or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;A&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;A&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Active Cues / Tover &lt;br /&gt;
|Tovertafel&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Projector-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Therapeutic / Medical &lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Amstrad&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Amstrad_CPC_emulators#GX4000|GX4000]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|APF Electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|MP1000 / M-1000&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Apple&lt;br /&gt;
|[[iPod Classic emulators|iPod Classic]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2006 (iPod Games)&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Aquaplus&lt;br /&gt;
|[[P/ECE emulators|P/ECE]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot; |Atari&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari 2600 emulators|2600 / VCS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second &lt;br /&gt;
|1977&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/atari_2600_library Yes] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [http://www.atarimania.com/rom_collection_archive_atari_2600_roms.html ROMs]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari 5200 emulators|5200]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second &lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/atari_5200_library Yes] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [https://archive.org/details/Atari5200_201602 No-intro]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari 7800 emulators|7800]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third &lt;br /&gt;
|1986&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari Jaguar emulators|Jaguar]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari_Jaguar_emulators#Atari_Jaguar_CD|Jaguar CD]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari Lynx emulators|Lynx]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari VCS|VCS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2021&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari_8-bit_emulators#Atari_XEGS|XEGS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;B&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;B&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Baiyi Animation&lt;br /&gt;
|C2: Color &amp;amp; Card&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2015 in China by Baiyi Animation, the extremely rare C2 was made to bank on Roco Kingdom films&#039; popularity but ultimately it ended up a flop. Only 6 games were made for it, and it was discontinued shortly after being released.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bally&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Astrocade]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://ia803208.us.archive.org/view_archive.php?archive=/22/items/Bally_Professional_Arcade_and_Astrocade_TOSEC_2012_04_23/Bally_Professional_Arcade_and_Astrocade_TOSEC_2012_04_23.zip TOSEC]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/bally_astrocade_library Roms]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; |Bandai&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Design Master Senshi Mangajukuu]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.gamingalexandria.com/wp/2020/08/04/bandai-design-master-denshi-mangajuku-complete-game-library-dumps-scans/ Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in Japan by Bandai in 1995, the Denshi Manga Juku was the first touchscreen-based console ever and the predecessor to the [[WonderSwan emulators|WonderSwan]]. It was discontinued in 1996, and only four games were released for it (including, of all things, an exclusive Rockman aka Mega Man game with 9 cartridges having been produced, though only 8 were sent to retailers).&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Digi Casse]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Playdia]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/BandaiPlaydia_Redump.org_2018-01-22 Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|A disc-based system released in Japan by Bandai in 1994. Notably, it had a wireless controller and all of its titles were interactive movies like Dragon&#039;s Lair. No known emulators.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Super Vision 8000]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1979&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Terebikko|Terebikko \ Video Phone]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988 (JP) &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; 1989 (US)&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|The Terebikko is a VHS-Based edutainment console released in Japan by Bandai in 1988 and in the US by Mattel in 1989, The Japanese version had less then 10 games made for it, but most of them are based on high profile properties such as Super Mario, Sailor Moon, Doraemon and Dragon Ball Z, Meanwhile, Only 2 games are known to have been released for the US version, both were discontinued in 1994, and it&#039;s unknown how many units were sold. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[WonderSwan emulators|WonderSwan]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bandai / [[Apple Inc.|Apple]]&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Apple Pippin|Pippin]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1996&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|BBC Enterprises&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:BBC_Bridge_Companion|Bridge Companion]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1985&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=bbcbc Good]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|An 8-bit console made exclusively for teaching people how to play bridge.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|BBK Electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|Electronic Dictionaries &lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 198?&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Like the devices released by Wenquxing, the BBK is a long line of electronic dictionaries that became a mainstay in Chinese portable gaming.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Belogic&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://uzebox.org/ Uzebox]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Home / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|The Uzebox is a retro-minimalist 8-bit open source game console. It is based on an AVR 8-bit general purpose microcontroller made by Atmel. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bit Corporation &lt;br /&gt;
|[[Gamate]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Blaze Entertainment&lt;br /&gt;
|Evercade&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2020&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Evercade EXP&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2022&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Evercade VS&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2021&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Brainchild&lt;br /&gt;
|PLS-1000&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;1994&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20041204044007/http://www.brainchild.com/handhelds.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld &lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20051123065906/http://www.brainchild.com/handhelds.asp Study Buddy]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld &lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bright Things&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://videogamekraken.com/bubble-by-bright-things-plc Bubble]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|DVD-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;C&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;C&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cadaco Toys&lt;br /&gt;
|Buzztime Home Trivia System&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2004, the system is the result of a partnership between Cadaco Toys and NTN Network (now known as [[wikipedia:NTN Buzztime|NTN Buzztime]] since 2006); and, as the name implies, the console was designed around playing trivia with family and friends. The console runs on [https://twitter.com/MameHaze/status/1221263600398094337 Elan Hardware]. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Capcom&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CP_System#Capcom_Power_System_Changer|Power System Changer]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A console version of the Capcom CPS arcade board. Compatible with SNES controllers.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Casio&lt;br /&gt;
|Loopy&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/download/No-Intro-Collection_2016-01-03 No-intro]&lt;br /&gt;
|A Japan-only game console designed for girls focused on printing stickers. A &#039;&#039;&#039;Magical Shop&#039;&#039;&#039; add-on allowed for the printing of any screenshot, not just Loopy games. Only 11 games were released. An emulator called [https://github.com/PSI-Rockin/LoopyMSE LoopyMSE] was released in 2024 and it seems to run the whole library without much problem. Additionally, there&#039;s a frontend called [https://madsonweb.itch.io/cassio-loopy-emulator-zrupi zRupi] that makes things more easier. An [https://github.com/partlyhuman/puppy-love-story/ english translation] for the game [https://vndb.org/v53831 Wanwan Aijou Monogatari] was released in 2025. See {{YouTubeVideo|zaW6EB1poxM|a demonstration}} and {{YouTubeVideo|PNWGVtwTkiM|an overview}}.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PV-1000&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Coleco&lt;br /&gt;
|[[ColecoVision emulators|ColecoVision]]&amp;lt;ref group=c &amp;gt;ColecoVision Clones:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;max-width:100%; overflow:auto;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&lt;br /&gt;
|+  {{Gray|align=left}}&lt;br /&gt;
!Name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Spectravideo SVI-603 Coleco Game Adapter (for hooking up to the [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/results_sys.php?publisher=Spectravideo SVI-318 or SVI-328] computers)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bit Corporation&#039;s [[wikipedia:Dina (video game console)|Dina]] (AKA &amp;quot;Chuang Zao Zhe 50&amp;quot;, Taiwan, 1986)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Telegames#Telegames_Personal_Arcade|Telegames&#039; The Personal Arcade]] (clone of [https://segaretro.org/Dina_2_in_one Dina 2 in 1], 1988)&lt;br /&gt;
|}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [https://archive.org/details/ColecoColecoVision_201602 No-intro]&lt;br /&gt;
|Coleco marketed different add-ons for their console, with one of them being the fast-selling Atari VCS adapter which enables the ColecoVision to play Atari cartridges. Atari sued them, but lost the case. The ColecoVision was sold as NTSC and PAL variants in different regions.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Telstar Arcade&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1977&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1977, Coleco&#039;s first attempt at making a video game console was an odd one, a triangle console with triangle cartridges, and each side of system had a different controller type. The console itself does not have a CPU built-in; instead, each cartridge contained a custom chip based on the [[POS_(Pong_consoles)_CPUs_and_other_chips#Pong_Consoles_.28Pong_In_A_Chip.29|Mostek MPS-7600 POC series.]] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. Only four games were released for the system.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Commodore&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Amiga_Line#Amiga CD32|Amiga CD32]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Amiga_CD32_TOSEC_2009_04_18 TOSEC] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [https://archive.org/details/RedumpAmigaCD32 Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|An ill-fated console version of the Amiga 1200. Its failure led to the bankruptcy of Commodore shortly after the console was discontinued in only 8 months after its release. Can be emulated in [[WinUAE]] like other [[Amiga emulators|Amiga hardware]].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[AmigaOS_emulators#Commodore_CDTV|CDTV]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Amiga_CDTV_TOSEC_2009_04_18 TOSEC] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [https://archive.org/details/RedumpCommodoreAmigaCDTV Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|A console version of the Amiga 500.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Commodore_64_emulators#Commodore_64_Games_System|Commodore 64 Games System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|A hacked-up console version of the regular [[Commodore 64 emulators|Commodore 64]], released only in Europe. Failed hilariously due to its outdated tech (1984 hardware in 1990!), the fact that the normal Commodore 64 was already sufficient, and a bad case of the &#039;no games&#039;. It is supported in [[VICE]], a widely-used emulator for Commodore&#039;s 8-bit computers.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Connor Electronics &lt;br /&gt;
|[[ComputerSmarts]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / VHS-based&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Videosmarts]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1986&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released around 1986 by the Connor Toy Corporation, the Videosmarts is VHS edutainment console that was used to teach pre-school to second grade subjects. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cubios Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|Rubik&#039;s WOWCube&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2025&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Cybiko Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|Cybiko&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2000&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/download/TOSEC_V2017-04-23/Cybiko/ TOSEC]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cybiko Xtreme&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;D&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;D&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Daewoo Electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Zemmix|Zemmix Series]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1985 - 1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Korean system that was simply an MSX/MSX2 (depending on the model) in console form. Mostly just existed as a way to play MSX games. Though there were a few games made specifically for it, they were playable on the MSX as well. Any MSX emulator should work with those games. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dingoo Digital Technology&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Dingoo]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;E&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;E&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Eedoo&lt;br /&gt;
|CT510&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2012&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Taking heavy influenced by the Microsoft Kinect, the CT510 was made by a Chinese company for the Chinese video game market, and it&#039;s one of the rarest consoles ever; Chinese customers reported that on its launch day, they couldn&#039;t find anyone who knew about it, let alone had one in-stock, one article called it [https://web.archive.org/web/20230402205515/https://www.techinasia.com/eedoo-ct150-game-console-launch-china vaporware] on its launch day. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Elonex&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://videogamekraken.com/igame-family-by-elonex iGAME]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Emerson&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Emerson Arcadia 2001 emulators|Arcadia 2001]]&amp;lt;ref group=c&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Arcadia 2001 Clones and variants:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;max-width:100%; overflow:auto;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&lt;br /&gt;
|+  {{Gray|align=left}}&lt;br /&gt;
!Name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Advision Home Arcade&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Arcadia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cosmos&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dynavision&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Ekusera&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Hanimex MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|HMG-2650&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Home Arcade Centre&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Intelligent Game MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Intercord XL 2000 System&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Intervision 2001&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|ITMC MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Leisure-Vision&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Leonardo&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Ormatu 2001&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Palladium Video-Computer-Game&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Polybrain Video Computer Game&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Poppy MPT-03 Tele Computer Spiel&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Prestige Video Computer Game MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Robdajet MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Rowtron 2000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Schmid TVG-2000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Sheen Home Video Centre 2001&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Soundic MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tele Brain&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tele-Fever&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tempest MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tobby MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Trakton Computer Video Game&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tryom Video Game Center&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tunix Home Arcade&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|UVI Compu-Game&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Video Master&lt;br /&gt;
|}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Emerson_Arcadia_2001_TOSEC_2012_04_23 TOSEC]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/emerson_arcadia_library ROMs]&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://adb.arcadeitalia.net/dettaglio_mame.php?game_name=arcadia&amp;amp;search_id= Over 50 games] made for it. The graphic quality is similar to that of the [[Intellivision emulators|Intellivision]] and the [[Magnavox Odyssey² emulators|Odyssey²]]. Sound is still imperfect in games.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Entex Industries &lt;br /&gt;
|[[gametech:Entex_Adventure_Vision|Adventure Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Select-A-Game&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1981&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Epoch&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Barcode Battler]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in Japan by Epoch in 1991 and internationally later in the same year. The console was basically a digital trading card game, whereas the player used Barcodes to get new characters, enemies and power-ups. Barcode cards were available in packs, and the player was even encouraged to use Barcodes found on everyday products around the house. The Barcode Battler was hugely popular in Japan but a major flop elsewhere. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or how many cards were officially released.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Cassette Vision emulators|Cassette Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1981&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Only 12 games exist for this console, and some have been dumped. Seanriddle has succeded to dump the graphic sprites of Kikori no Yosaku. Apparently, the BIOS for the console is inside each cart. Latest MAME forum [http://forums.bannister.org//ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&amp;amp;Number=102087&amp;amp;page=4 thread].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Game Pocket Computer&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Super Cassette Vision emulators|Super Cassette Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Excalibur Electronics &lt;br /&gt;
|Bible Challenge&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 200?&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released sometime in the early 2000s by Excalibur Electronics, Bible Challenge is a educational game handheld console made to teach kids the Bible. It was re-released as &amp;quot;Bible Quest&amp;quot; at some point but its unknown when this variant was released. Around five games were released for the system and it&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;F&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Fairchild&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Fairchild Channel F emulators|Channel F]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1976&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/FairchildChannelF No-intro]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/channelf_library Roms]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Fairchild Channel F emulators|Channel F II]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1980&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|N/A&lt;br /&gt;
|An update to the Channel F, with no known exclusive games.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; |Fisher-Price&lt;br /&gt;
|Interac TV &lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by Fisher-Price in 2006. The Interac TV was designed to turn any DVD Player into an educational console. Just sync the custom wireless controller to your DVD Player and put a game disk in. Unfortunately, incompatibility issues resulted in most customers being unable to sync the controller with their player, and some even said that their DVD player couldn&#039;t even read the disks. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[IXL]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by Fisher-Price in 2010 and discontinued in 2012, the iXL is a touchscreen-based console designed for kids 3 to 7 years of age; it&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or how many games were released for it. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Kasey the Kinderbot&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2002&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / Toy / Robot&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Pixter]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2000&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Pixter Color]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Pixter Multimedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Smart Cycle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2007&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2007 by Fisher-Price, it&#039;s not to be confused with their later phone/tablet controller of the same name. The Smart Cycle is a hybrid between an exercise bike and a edutainment console. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Franklin&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Franklin Electronic Publishers|Bookman]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / eReader / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Franklin Electronic Publishers first released the Bookman in 1989. It was marketed as electronic book, never designed to be a video game system, yet the Bookman still has a place in video game history. The Bookman line of devices were originally sold in 1989 as &amp;quot;Electronic Bibles&amp;quot; that costed {{Inflation|USD|299.99|1989}} before expanding into electronic versions of non-religious books in the early 90s. All models have a cartridge slot for other books and games. They were all trivia or some other kind of word game. How many units were sold and the number of games that were released are unknown.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Fujitsu&lt;br /&gt;
|[[FM Towns emulators|FM Towns Marty]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Trurip&lt;br /&gt;
|An early fifth-generation console released by Fujitsu in 1993, which is basically a consolized [[FM Towns emulators|FM-Towns]] personal computer. Despite being claimed to be the first 32-bit CD-based home video game system, it failed due to its astronomical price. Another version called the {{YouTubeVideo|RQs7zyn4uVQ|Car Marty}} was also released, designed to be a GPS for automobiles. Preliminary MAME support for both.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Funsation&lt;br /&gt;
|Off-The-Wall Projector&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Projector-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1989 by the European company Funsation (the exact origin is unknown). This projector-based console somehow sold worse and is even rarer then the &amp;quot;Mega Video Game&amp;quot; (a similar console that also flopped). It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Funtech&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Super A&#039;Can]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;G&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;G&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Gakken&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia: Gakken Compact Vision TV Boy|Compact TV Boy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Gamepad Digital&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GPD XD/XD+]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |GamePark Holdings&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GP2X emulators|GP2X]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GP2X Wiz emulators|GP2X Wiz]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GP32 emulators|GP32]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Giochi Preziosi&lt;br /&gt;
|My Life&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2007&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;H&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;H&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Hartung&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game Master]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Hasbro&lt;br /&gt;
|[[ION]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in time for the 2005 Holiday season, the Ion is basically a PS2 Eye-Toy turned into an edutainment console for preschoolers. At the time, the Ion had been turning heads at toy fairs, hype had been building, and the console had been looking to be a real hit for Hasbro, but for whatever reason, the console flopped and disappeared into obscurity faster than the refunds could be made. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|HyperMegaTech!&lt;br /&gt;
|Super Pocket&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2023&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;I&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;I&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Innovations for Learning&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Teachermate]]&amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Teachermate Handheld Educational Computer&amp;quot;&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Interactive Learning Group&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://consollection.de/model/video-buddy Video Buddy]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in November of 1999 by the Interactive Learning Group, the Video Buddy is a VHS-based console designed for children aged 3 to 7 years old and had about 20 games released for it. A revision of the Video Buddy that used DVDs instead of VHSs was released in 2003, and while both versions had initially been successful, a crowded &amp;quot;children&amp;quot; console market led to its downfall. The other company that made the DVD-based console shut down in 2006. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Interton&lt;br /&gt;
|[[gametech:Interton_VC_4000|VC 4000]]&amp;lt;ref group=c&amp;gt;VC-4000 clones:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;max-width:100%; overflow:auto;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&lt;br /&gt;
|+  {{Gray|align=left}}&lt;br /&gt;
!Name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Jeu Video TV&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Super Play Computer 4000&lt;br /&gt;
|}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;J&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;J&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|J.Cock&lt;br /&gt;
|Z400S&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 199?&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld / Business&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in Japan sometime in the 90s, the Z400S was made for gambling or prize winning games, not for the home console market. A business like a Bar or Hotel would lend it to a costumer, so they could play a casino-type game. It&#039;s speculated that it used PC Engine (TurboGrafx-16) hardware but nothing has been confirmed. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|JungleTac&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Sport Vii|Sport Vii]]/Vii/V-Sport&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2007&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|A rather poor excuse of a response to the [[Wii emulators|Wii]], made by JungleTac, KenSingTon, with a dozen or so manufacturers churning out shoddy variants of it. Emulators have recently been made for the platform, with several projects aiming to provide support for Sunplus&#039; rather oddball architecture, such as [https://web.archive.org/web/20150916124951/http://www.maxconsole.com/maxcon_forums/threads/280551-MuchimeX-v0-5-has-been-released! MuchimeX for the original Xbox], and [http://hackmii.com/2010/04/sunplus-the-biggest-chip-company-youve-never-heard-of/ Unununium], the latter being the basis for a [[MESS]] core. The same goes for VTech&#039;s [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=vsmile V.Smile], the [[wikipedia:Xavix|XaviXPORT]] and most [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=batmantv Jakks Pacific] TV games including those [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=walle Disney tie-in ones].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;K&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;K&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |K&#039;s Kids&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20170110002414/http://kmagic.kskids.com/ K-Magic]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by in 2010 by K&#039;s Kids for the &#039;0- to 6-year old children&#039; market, the K-Magic is an educational handheld console that used cartridges called &amp;quot;Magic Cards&amp;quot; and was overall designed to be as simple as possible. It was discontinued in 2018 with the release of the K-Magic 2. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it or how many units were sold.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20260216184758/https://www.kmagic2pro.kskids.com/ K-Magic 2]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2018&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2022 (Pro)&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2018 by K&#039;s Kids for the &#039;0- to 6-year old children&#039; market, the K-Magic 2 simplifies the original console by having everything already built-in and ready for parents and children to use. Because it&#039;s still being sold, when it will be discontinued and info on how many units have been sold has so far not been released to the public. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Kevin Bates&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Arduboy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Koei&lt;br /&gt;
|PasoGo&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1996&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|In 1996, Koei released a Game Boy competitor in Japan called the PasoGo. For some reason, Koei decided to market it as being designed specifically to play the traditional Asian board game, Go. The console flopped thanks to its high price tag of 39,800 Yen (about $600 when adjusted for inflation), the size of the device, and the fact that all six launch titles were slightly different versions of Go. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Konami&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Picno]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1992&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / Drawing Tablet&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in Japan by Konami in 1992, the extremely rare Picno is an odd hybrid of a video game console and a drawing tablet that used cartridges similar to [[wikipedia:HuCard|HuCard]] and reminds of [https://segaretro.org/Sega_Pico Sega Pico]. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold, when it was discontinued or how many games were released. [http://videogamesdensetsu.tumblr.com/post/142354502350/the-konami-picno-%E3%83%94%E3%82%AF%E3%83%8E-1992-a-drawing-tablet Software &amp;amp; sources lists].&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;L&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Landmark Entertainment&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Captain Power]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;11&amp;quot; |LeapFrog&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.toydirectory.com/monthly/new_product.asp?id=17781 Crammer Study &amp;amp; Sound System]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / Handheld &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; Media Player / Study Tool&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A hybrid system released in 2008 by LeapFrog that combines a Studying Tool, Portable Music Player, and a Handheld console into one device. It appears to be one of LeapFrog&#039;s least successful devices considering how obscure the Crammer is. How many units sold, number of games were released and when it was discontinued is unknown.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Didj emulators|Didj]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|iQuest &lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2002 &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; 2004 (v4.0)&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|An odd hybrid of an Educational Console and a basic PDA released by LeapFrog in 2002. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Leapster]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth &lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|The Leapster Learning Game System (Released in late 2003) is an educational handheld game console aimed at 4 to 10-year-olds (preschool to fourth grade), made by LeapFrog Enterprises. Its games teach the alphabet, phonics, basic arithmetical operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division), art, and animal facts to players. It featured a touchscreen and games from various licenses from Thomas &amp;amp; Friends to Sonic X. Its software seems to be based on Macromedia Flash. Oddly enough, its successors, i.e. the Didj, Leapster Explorer, and LeapPad series of tablets, which run on the Pollux and NXP3200 platforms (along with a customized Linux distribution), have decent homebrew scenes, including even some emulators.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Leapster|Leapster 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Leapster Explorer]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[LeapsterGS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2012&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|LeapTV&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2014&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Little Leaps Grow-with-Me Learning System&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Little Leaps&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Rockit Twist]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2019&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Zippity]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|LG&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20190920074903/https://liliputing.com/2012/11/lg-kids-pad-tablet-hits-south-korea-for-276.html Kids Pad]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2012&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2012 by LG, the Kids Pad was only sold in South Korea. It featured an app store and support for cartridges. How many units sold, number of games were released and when it was discontinued is unknown. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Lico&lt;br /&gt;
|[[CAI System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 199?&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A console released by Lico around the early to mid 90s, this Taiwan-only console is even rarer then the Super A&#039;Can. There is very little known about it other than that it seems to be an educational console and that it&#039;s not a famiclone. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold, when it was discontinued or how many games were released.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|LJN&lt;br /&gt;
|Video Art&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A notorious &amp;quot;educational&amp;quot; console made by LJN released in 1985. It was meant as a paint-type system that was meant to compete against television rather than mainstream consoles at the time. It flopped hard. See {{YouTubeVideo|neURIc_A3js|the commercial}} and {{YouTubeVideo|8-zEhhTqdvg|AVGN Review}}.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;M&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;M&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|M&amp;amp;D &lt;br /&gt;
|Monon Color&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2014&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Like the C2, the Monon Color from 2014 also tried to bank on Roco Kingdom films&#039; popularity and was only slightly more successful; it&#039;s unknown how many games (at least 15) were released for it or when it was discontinued. Preliminary support for it was added in MAME [https://www.reddit.com/r/emulation/comments/a9i37l/mame_0205/ 0.205] on [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MAME_0.205 December 2018], and promoted to working state in MAME [https://www.mamedev.org/?p=516#readmore 0.247] on 31 August 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Magnavox&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Magnavox Odyssey emulators|Odyssey]]&lt;br /&gt;
|First&lt;br /&gt;
|1972&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|N/A&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Magnavox Odyssey² emulators|Odyssey²]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Manley&lt;br /&gt;
|GoGo TV Video Vision&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released sometime between 2005 and 2006 by Manley, the GoGo is another EyeToy-turned-into-edutainment console, and like the Ion, it flopped and has since fallen into obscurity. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Mattel&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Intellivision_emulators#ECS|ECS]]&amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Entertainment Computer System&amp;quot;&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[HyperScan]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Intellivision emulators|Intellivision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1979&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Intellivision emulators|Intellivision II]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|An update to the Intellivision, with no known exclusive games.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Memorex&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Tandy_Video_Information_System|VIS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1992&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/MemorexVisualInformationSystem-Redump.org2019-05-27 Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|A beautiful monster sold only at RadioShack in the early 90s. Its software may be playable on Windows 3.x emulators, as the console&#039;s OS was an altered version of that.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Microsoft&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Xbox emulators|Xbox]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Xbox 360 emulators|Xbox 360]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Xbox One emulators|Xbox One]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2013&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Xbox Series X and Series S|Xbox Series X/S]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2020&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Milton Bradley &lt;br /&gt;
|[[MicroVision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1979&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[OMNI]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1980&lt;br /&gt;
|Luggable&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Milton Bradley / &amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;General Consumer Electronics&amp;quot;&amp;gt;GCE&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Vectrex emulators|Vectrex]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Luggable&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;N&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;N&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |NEC&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PC-FX emulators|PC-FX]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PC Engine (TurboGrafx-16) emulators|PC Engine / TurboGrafx-16]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PC Engine SuperGrafx emulators|PC Engine SuperGrafx]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nichibutsu&lt;br /&gt;
|[[My Vision emulators|My Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nikko&lt;br /&gt;
|DigiBlast&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;17&amp;quot; |Nintendo&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo 3DS emulators|3DS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2011&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo Entertainment System emulators|Famicom / NES]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo Entertainment System emulators|Famicom Disk System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1986&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game Boy (Color) emulators|Game Boy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game Boy Advance emulators|Game Boy Advance]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game Boy (Color) emulators|Game Boy Color]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo GameCube emulators|GameCube]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo 64 emulators|N64]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1996&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo_64_emulators#64DD_emulation|N64DD]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo DS emulators|NDS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2009 (DSi)&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Pokémon mini emulators|Pokémon Mini]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/download/TOSEC_V2017-04-23/Nintendo/Pokemon%20Mini/ TOSEC]&lt;br /&gt;
|A very downgraded Game Boy (but also the tiniest cart-based handheld device made by Nintendo). It was first released in NA and then Japan in late 2001. Only Pokemon related games were released, and its library of games is also very limited. It&#039;s also very rare nowadays. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Super Nintendo Entertainment System emulators|Super Famicom / SNES]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo Switch emulators|Switch]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2017&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo Switch 2 emulators|Switch 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2025&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Virtual Boy emulators|Virtual Boy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Luggable&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Wii emulators|Wii]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Wii U emulators|Wii U]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2012&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nokia&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Symbian_emulators#N-Gage|N-Gage]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;O&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;O&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Ouya, Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ouya emulators|Ouya]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2013&lt;br /&gt;
|Microconsole&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;P&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;P&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Palmtex&lt;br /&gt;
|Super Micro / &amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Portable Videogame System&amp;quot;&amp;gt;PVS&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Panic Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Playdate]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2022&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Philips&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Philips CD-i emulators|CD-i]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/redumpPhilipsCdi Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|Thanks to working with Nintendo to develop a CD add-on for the SNES, the CD-i is notorious for having egregiously terrible Zelda games, as well as having a polarizing Mario game. Big N has basically &#039;&#039;disowned&#039;&#039; their existence and considered it a blank space in their official history. Aggressively promoted and held on for multiple years with multiple different models (targeted at every customer from gamers to pharmaceutical companies), but couldn&#039;t compete with mainstream consoles and computers of the time.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.pong-story.com/spiel.htm Tele-Spiel]&lt;br /&gt;
|First&lt;br /&gt;
|1975&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Only sold in Europe, the Tele-Spiel console was released by Philips in 1975 and had hardware very similar to Odyssey&#039;s. It sold poorly and wasn&#039;t on the market for very long. Only 5 games were released.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Magnavox Odyssey² emulators#Philips Videopac+ G7400|Videopac+ G7400]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Philips_Videopac_Plus_TOSEC_2012_04_23 TOSEC]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Pioneer Corporation&lt;br /&gt;
|[[LaserActive]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PlayJam&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GameStick emulators|GameStick]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2013&lt;br /&gt;
|Microconsole&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Playtime Products&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Grandstand_(game_manufacturer)#Projector-based_&#039;Light&#039;_games|Projector Mega Video Game]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988&lt;br /&gt;
|Projector-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1988 by the Hong Kongese company Playtime Products, the Mega Video Game played Game &amp;amp; Watch style games and used a built-in projector as its display. Less then 15 games were released for the system. It was discontinued sometime between 1989 and 1990. How many units were sold is unknown.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Pokitto&lt;br /&gt;
|Pokitto&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2018&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|The Pokitto is a DIY handheld that aims to aid users into learning how to program games and create/build gadgets for it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
At Maker Faire Rome in 2016, prototypes of the Pokitto were available for hands on demonstrations. A Kickstarter campaign for the project was launched on April 28, 2017. The Pokitto was released around NY 2018. Pokitto Magazine Issue 1 was released in July 2019.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Publications International&lt;br /&gt;
|Story Reader Video +&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / eBook&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2006 by Publications International. The Video + turns the Story Reader electronic book into one of many educational consoles of the 2000s. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. Around 7 games were released for the system.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;R&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;R&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Radofin&lt;br /&gt;
|[[gametech:1292_Advanced_Programmable_Video_System|1292 Advanced Programmable&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; Video System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|RCA&lt;br /&gt;
|[[gametech:RCA_Studio_II|Studio II]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1977&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Romtec&lt;br /&gt;
||[[wikipedia:Romtec Colorvision|Colorvision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1984, the Colorvision was another cheaply made console released during the [[:wikipedia:Video game crash of 1983|video game crash]]. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. Only 5 games were released for it.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;S&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;S&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;13&amp;quot; |Sega&lt;br /&gt;
|[[32X]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Advanced Pico Beena]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Dreamcast emulators|Dreamcast]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Family Driver / Video Driver&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Sega also had a go with the VHS-based console market with the Family Driver/Video Driver from 1988, and unlike most of these type of consoles, this one did not play light-gun games but instead played driving games. Only three games were released for the system; it&#039;s unknown when Sega discontinued it.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Master System/Game Gear emulators|Game Gear]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Sega Genesis emulators|Genesis]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Master System/Game Gear emulators|Master System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1985&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nomad]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Sega Pico|Pico]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Sega_Pico_TOSEC_2012_04_13 TOSEC]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/download/No-Intro-Collection_2015-03-03 No-intro]&lt;br /&gt;
||Child&#039;s edutainment console released in 1993. Was actually fairly successful. Has good support in [[MAME]].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Sega Saturn emulators|Saturn]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Sega_Genesis_emulators#Sega_CD.2C_32X.2C_and_Sega_CD_32X|Sega CD]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[SG-1000 emulators|SG-1000]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[VMU emulators|VMU]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;  Peripheral / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Select Merchandise&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Video Challenger|Video Challenger]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/handheld/hh_cop400.cpp#L2837 *]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1987 by Select Merchandise and licensed to 4 companies in different regions, this VHS-based console only had around 8 games released for it, and like most systems of this type, it only played light-gun games. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |SNK Corporation&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Neo Geo and variants|Neo-Geo AES]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Neo Geo and variants|Neo-Geo CD]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Neo Geo Pocket emulators|Neo-Geo Pocket]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Neo Geo Pocket emulators|Neo-Geo Pocket Color]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; |Sony&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation emulators|PlayStation]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation 2 emulators|PlayStation 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2000&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation 3 emulators|PlayStation 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation 4 emulators|PlayStation 4]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2013&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation 5 emulators|PlayStation 5]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2020&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation Portable emulators|PlayStation Portable]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation Vita emulators|PlayStation Vita]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2011&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PocketStation emulators|PocketStation]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PSX]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Toio&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2019&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / Toy / Robot&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Soundic&lt;br /&gt;
|PC-50x Series&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1977&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Designed by Soundic and released by many different companies, the PC-50x is a series of consoles is similar to Telstar Arcade, these systems have no built-in CPU and use cartridges that have a [[POS_(Pong_consoles)_CPUs_and_other_chips#Pong_Consoles_.28Pong_In_A_Chip.29|POC]] inside. These systems were first released in 1977, with only around 8 games known to have been released in their lifetime.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20231002042335/http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=2&amp;amp;c=1294 SD-290]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by Soundic in 1983, the SD-290 was designed to undercut the competition, but its lack of compelling games and dated hardware drove customers away from it. Only 11 of the 16 games planned for the system were released. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. Furthermore, it&#039;s important to note that Soundic sold SD-290 motherboards to various companies to rebrand them as their own consoles. Excluding the original console, there were five versions of this system are known to have existed so far, these include:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Soundic Soundicvision SD-200&lt;br /&gt;
*Hanimex HMG-7900&lt;br /&gt;
*Rollet Video-Color&lt;br /&gt;
*JouéClub SD-290&lt;br /&gt;
*ITMC SD-290&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With the exception of the SD-200 (no one seems know where it was released), all of them were only released in France.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|SSD Company&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:XaviXPORT|XaviXPORT]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} [https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/xavix.cpp Preliminary]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A fitness-based system employing the usage of motion controls in an effort to get players off of the couch - beating Nintendo&#039;s [[Wii_emulators|Wii]] by more than 2 years! Each game cart came with a dedicated controller and an own CPU (not in the system, similarly to Super FX chips in some SNES carts or Sega Virtual Processor in Genesis&#039; Virtua Racing). The XaviXPORT was actually developed by eight of the engineers who worked on the original development of the [[Nintendo_Entertainment_System_emulators|NES]]. An upgraded version with a 16-bit &amp;quot;Super XaviX&amp;quot; CPU compared to the original 8-bit CPU came in 2005. Also of note is the fact that Jackie Chan partnered with SSD Company Limited in order to bring his likeness to the console, which resulted in two licensed games. [https://mamedev.emulab.it/haze David Haywood] is particularly working on reverse-engineering the XaviX technology for MAME.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Steepler&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo_Entertainment_System_emulators#Dendy|Dendy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1992&lt;br /&gt;
|Clone&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|[[FCEUX]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [[Mesen]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|The most well-known Famiclone, sold in Russia by Steepler, outselling the official PAL model NES (not officially imported at all). In technical details, it&#039;s basically the same as an NTSC-J Famicom running at 50Hz + SECAM colour mode, with the correct audio pitch (unlike the PAL NES which has a bunch of other changes to the CPU and PPU that break timing-sensitive games). [https://forums.nesdev.org/viewtopic.php?t=20931 This thread on nesdev] explains more.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The main reason to use this over NTSC would be if some pirate game targeted PAL Famiclones, other than that there&#039;s hardly much difference to it than running in NTSC unless you&#039;re nostalgic for the unoptimised slowed-down versions from pirate multicarts.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;T&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;T&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tapwave&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Tapwave_Zodiac|Zodiac]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A handheld released in 2003 that used an enhanced Palm OS. Ahead of its time, even receiving awards. However, the PSP and Nintendo DS killed it. {{YouTubeVideo|Mz3nNKQRnNQ|LGR Review}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Telegames &lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Dina_(video_game_console)|Dina]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1986&lt;br /&gt;
|Clone&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Hybrid / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid clone of both the [[SG-1000 emulators|SG-1000]] and [[ColecoVision emulators|ColecoVision]]. Sold by Telegames as the Telegames Personal Arcade, allegedly with permission from Coleco themselves. The console&#039;s build quality leaves a lot to be desired, not to mention that games for the aforementioned platforms can be played on most [[ColecoVision emulators]] anyway.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[The 3DO Company]]&lt;br /&gt;
|[[3DO emulators|3DO Interactive Multiplayer]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/3DO_2017_Reference_Set_Redump_Validated_ROMs Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|A 32-bit console first released on October 4, 1993. It failed to gain momentum in the fifth-generation market, and was discontinued in late 1996.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Tiger Electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|BattleVision&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|BattleVision is a VHS console released by Tiger Electronics in 1994.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game.com]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1997&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Giga Pets Explorer]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Handheld / Home / Toy&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[R-Zone]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tiger Electronics / Hasbro&lt;br /&gt;
|[[VideoNow XP]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tiger Telematics&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Gizmondo emulators|Gizmondo]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|TimeTop&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Gameking|GameKing]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|A rather strange attempt at making a Gameboy-esque handheld, manufactured and marketed by TimeTop (aka Guangzhou Daidaixing Tec. Electronics Co. Ltd.) in 2003. Strangely enough, this one&#039;s even more primitive than the Supervision, Gamate and Mega Duck consoles before it, as it uses a lower-resolution 64x32 screen, and it is despite companies such as Subor (i.e. that Chinese company who gained notoriety for developing an AMD-based gaming PC/console hybrid) releasing workalike clones of the [[Game Boy/Game Boy Color emulators|Game Boy]] and, more recently, GBA clones. MAME seems to emulate well all known carts.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|TinyCircuits&lt;br /&gt;
|Thumby&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2022&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|A teeny tiny, fully working handheld that also makes for a cute keychain. You&#039;re also able to program games for it, and it even has Link Cable style multiplayer support. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Tomy&lt;br /&gt;
|Data Battle Virtual Simulation&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Kiss-site&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1997&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A karaoke-based game console.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Pyuuta Jr.&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|This was the consolized version of the Tomy Tutor.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Toshiba&lt;br /&gt;
|Visicom COM-100&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Toymax&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://videogamekraken.com/arcadia-skeet-shoot-by-toymax Arcadia Skeet Shoot]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Projector-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in October of 1998 by Toymax (the makers of the Creepy Crawlers and My Pet Monster toys), this projector-based console, that only [http://kevinisblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/arcadia-electronic-skeet-shoot-game.html played light-gun games], had sold 435,000 units in the first 18 months before being recalled after reports of projectors overheating, melting, smoking and, in a few rare cases, causing burn injuries (faulty cartridges were to blame). After about three revisions, the system was discontinued sometime between 2000 and 2001, with only 5 out of the 9 games advertised known to have been released. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold once the console was relaunched after the recall.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;V&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|View-Master&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:View-Master_Interactive_Vision|Interactive Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|1988 edutainment VHS console that used two audio tracks on each tape, with the player choosing one of two options on the screen, to create interactivity. Also had short mini-game segments with ColecoVision-like graphics. Unlike the other VHS systems, the games were actually decent. No known emulators. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|VM Labs&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nuon emulators|Nuon]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2000&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / DVD-player&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;12&amp;quot; |VTech&lt;br /&gt;
|[[CreatiVision]]&amp;lt;ref group=c&amp;gt;CreatiVision clones and variants:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;max-width:100%; overflow:auto;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&lt;br /&gt;
|+  {{Gray|align=left}}&lt;br /&gt;
!Name&lt;br /&gt;
!Country&lt;br /&gt;
!Hardware&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Category&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dick Smith Wizzard &lt;br /&gt;
|Australia / New Zealand&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Educat 2002 &lt;br /&gt;
|Israel&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FunVision Computer Video Games System &lt;br /&gt;
|Oceania&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Hanimex Rameses &lt;br /&gt;
|Oceania&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Laser 2001&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Computer&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Salora Manager &lt;br /&gt;
|Finland&lt;br /&gt;
|Computer&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|VZ 2000 &lt;br /&gt;
|Oceania&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / Computer&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
||This [[:wikipedia:VTech CreatiVision|hybrid computer and console]] were [https://computer.wikia.com/wiki/VTech_CreatiVision distributed to many different countries around the world and some variants were rebadged units with different names]. [http://www.madrigaldesign.it/creativemu/emulators.php Emulators list].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Gamate 3D]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[InnoTab]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2011&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://myrient.erista.me/files/MAME/Software%20List%20ROMs%20%28split%29/vtech_innotab_cart/ Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[InnoTV]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://myrient.erista.me/files/MAME/Software%20List%20ROMs%20%28split%29/vtech_innotv_cart/ Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[MobiGo]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nitro Vision&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[ProScreen]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Socrates]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/socrates_library Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|Old edutainment console released in 1988. It featured a robot-type character called Socrates and had wireless infrared controllers. The same company would later release the V.Smile and V.Flash systems many years later. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[V.Flash emulators|V.Flash]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;(V.Smile Pro)&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/VTech_V.Flash_V.Smile_Pro_-_Redump.org_Rom_Set Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2006, the V.Flash was a spin-off console to the V.Smile Series created by VTech. Like the V.Smile, it was an educational console for children of ages around 6 to 9, but, unlike the V.Smile that used ROM cartridges, the V.Flash used CD-ROM. It also had 3D based graphics rather than 2D on the V.Smile. It had around 10 games, with most of them being licensed children IPs such as Disney. It was discontinued a year after its release. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[V.Reader|V.Reader]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://myrient.erista.me/files/MAME/Software%20List%20ROMs%20%28split%29/vtech_storio_cart/ Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[V.Smile emulators|V.Smile]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/VTechV.Smile Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|V.Smile is an educational game console by VTech. It derived from Sunplus&#039; 16-bit SPG-series CPU architecture, which had similar peers including most [http://pnp-info.angelfire.com/ Jakks Pacific TV games] and Vii. The XaviXPORT was similar but had its own custom XaviX CPUs. Several variants of the V.Smile console are sold, including handheld versions or models with added functionality, such as touch tablet, integrated controllers, microphones or motion-sensitive controllers. 69 unique V.Smile games are known to have been released. Since [https://twitter.com/TheMogMiner/status/1282712009142829059 July 2020], every dumped V-Tech V. Smile Motion game now runs in MAME. So, too, do all V. Smile games that use a standard controller, apart from one bad dump (Italian version of Toy Story 3) (Same month Nintendo&#039;s [[Game &amp;amp; Watch]] titles were fully compatible for v0.223).&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Variety]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;W&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;W&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Watara&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Supervision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1992&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Welback Holdings&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Mega Duck]] / Cougar Boy&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Wenquxing&lt;br /&gt;
|Electronic Dictionaries&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 199?&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/hackwaly/jswqx Jswqx (web-based emulator)]&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/hackwaly/jswqx/tree/master/rom Yes] &amp;lt;ref group=N&amp;gt;Currently, only the NC1020 model has been dumped&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|First Released in China in around the late 90s to early 2000s, these devices were designed to be electronic dictionaries, but thanks to their unparalleled extensibility such as built-in BASIC runtime and abilities to run third-party assembly programs, their intended purpose soon fell to the wayside when Hobbyist programmers started to make games for them. These devices from Wenquxing now play a big role in Chinese portable gaming. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Worlds of Wonder&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Action Max]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20150512114240/http://www.singeengine.com/cms/node/6 SINGE]&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS tape console released in 1987 by Worlds of Wonder. It relied on light gun and score counter for all of its 5 games, which could not really be lost. There&#039;s an add-on for the multi-[[Arcade LaserDisc emulators|arcade LaserDisc emulator]] [[DAPHNE]] called SINGE, which can possibly emulate the console. We&#039;re in murky waters here, so run this at your own risk {{YouTubeVideo|mj498-wkOz4|Cinemassacre Demonstration}}&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;X&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;Z&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;Z&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|ZAPiT Games&lt;br /&gt;
|Game Wave&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/ZAPiT_GameWave_Redump_2017-12-23 Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|A console released in 2005 by ZAPiT Games. The development of the Game Wave started in 2004, around the same time as the Nintendo Wii did, and the console was doomed to obscurity thanks to bad timing and a poor library of games that mainly consisted of trivia games and clones of popular game franchises (Gemz = Bejeweled, VeggieTales = Mario Party)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Zeebo Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Zeebo]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Miscellaneous=&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot; wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:right;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable sortable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:10%&amp;quot; |Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:10.4%&amp;quot; |Manufacturer/Developer&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Generation&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:5%&amp;quot; |Year&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:6.7%&amp;quot;|Console Type&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:5.7%&amp;quot;|[[MAME]] support&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:5%&amp;quot; |ROMs /&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; No-Intro &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; collection &lt;br /&gt;
! class=&amp;quot;unsortable&amp;quot;|Description and other emulators&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Android_emulators#Android_consoles|Android consoles]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Consoles that run on Android as their operating system. Most of them only run cellphone games and emulators, but some of them have their own unique games or heavy-hitting titles ported from other platforms.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GameTank]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Clydeware&lt;br /&gt;
|Unreleased&lt;br /&gt;
|TBA&lt;br /&gt;
|Home &lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[POS (Pong Consoles) CPUs and Other Chips#Pong_Consoles_.28Pong_In_A_Chip.29|Pong Consoles]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|First&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Consoles that run on Android as their operating system. Most of them only run cellphone games and emulators, but some of them have their own unique games or heavy-hitting titles ported from other platforms.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Smart TV Consoles&lt;br /&gt;
|Clementoni&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|2010s&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Launched sometime in the early 2010s by Italian toy company, Clementoni seemingly as a partnership with Hong Kongese toy company, WinFun, Smart TV is series of educational consoles mainly sold in Italy ([http://eshop.digitalelectronic.it/CONSOLE-CLEMENTONI-12303-SAPIENTINO-PLUS-SMART-TV Example]). The controllers of these consoles ranged from traditional to the gimmicky with some having motion and PS2 EyeToy-like controls. There is around 10 to 25 games that were released for these European systems. It&#039;s unknown how many units have sold been or when this line of systems was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Unreleased consoles]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} Various&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
{{NEL}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Encyclopedia=&lt;br /&gt;
* [[wikipedia:List of first generation home video game consoles|List of first generation home video game consoles]] (Amazingly exhaustive wiki list. 888 listed consoles, but over 900 existed.)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[wikipedia:First generation of video game consoles|First generation of video game consoles]] (Wikipedia page. History and major competitors plus a small sector on handheld systems.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=External Links=&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://gamebroscentral.com/first-generation/ 1972-1977: The Home Gaming Revolution] at Game Bros Central ([https://web.archive.org/web/20200722010641/https://gamebroscentral.com/first-generation/ Web Archive] on July 22, 2020. Brief history of 7 major companies behind the first generation, plus a small list of other first-gen home consoles)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=References=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=N /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Clones and Variants==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=c /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Further info:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/sysset.php www.progettoemma.net&#039;s Systems list] (ProjectMESS&#039; list of computer &amp;amp; console systems &amp;amp; their overall emulation status in MAME/MESS)&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/lsset.php www.progettoemma.net&#039;s Software list] (ProjectMESS&#039; list of computer &amp;amp; console systems &amp;amp; their emulation levels of all games in MAME/MESS)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Consoles| ]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Various video game console-generations]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Various emulation]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Harimepuffle</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=144472</id>
		<title>Flash</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=144472"/>
		<updated>2026-06-12T04:12:13Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Harimepuffle: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox console&lt;br /&gt;
|title=Adobe Flash&lt;br /&gt;
|logo=Adobe_Flash_Logo.png&lt;br /&gt;
|logowidth=160&lt;br /&gt;
|developer=Adobe&lt;br /&gt;
|release=1996&lt;br /&gt;
|discontinued=2020&lt;br /&gt;
|emulated = {{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Flash&#039;&#039;&#039; (previously &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039;utureSp&#039;&#039;&#039;lash&#039;&#039;&#039; Animator, before that SmartSketch) is a software platform created by FutureWave Software and is currently owned by Adobe (formerly Macromedia). Originally a drawing program for PenPoint OS, later ported to Windows and Macintosh when pen computing failed to take off, frame-by-frame animation features were added to it in a new program called FutureSplash Animator. The company was acquired by Macromedia in December 1996, rebranding FutureSplash Animator to Flash, an amalgamation of &amp;quot;Future&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Splash&amp;quot;. In turn, Macromedia was acquired by Adobe on December 3, 2005. Their operations, networks, and customer care organizations were merged shortly after.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Used by an overwhelming majority of websites between the early 2000s and the mid 2010s, Flash was very much the go-to platform for online cartoons and games, being especially popular for various entertainment sites and children&#039;s sites due to its rich content, and has spawned its own subculture of animators and game developers as exemplified by the likes of Newgrounds. SWF elements also proved to be a crucial tool for many multimedia hosting sites so that they could actually play audio/video inside a browser, given the lack of viable alternatives in the pre-HTML5 days. However, around the start of 2010 YouTube started pushing really hard for HTML5 media elements, which have since become a standard feature in modern browsers and single-handedly made Flash Player obsolete for multimedia playback.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In fact, Flash&#039;s popularity as a whole started declining steeply in the mid-to-late 2010s due to the rise of alternative (and open) web standards such as HTML5 and mobile device manufacturers dropping support for the platform, a prominent example being Apple, who publicly stated that iOS would &#039;&#039;never&#039;&#039; support Flash. Google followed suit when it dropped support for the platform in new releases of Android, and it didn&#039;t help that a series of security issues, coupled with Flash itself being a closed standard, led Adobe to wind down on Flash and retire the official player in 2020. The Flash authoring toolkit, since renamed Adobe Animate, is still actively supported and has undergone a total market shift towards animators; a number of popular cartoon series are already produced using Animate, most notably &#039;&#039;My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;Phineas and Ferb&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;Happy Tree Friends&#039;&#039;, to name a few.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Implementations==&lt;br /&gt;
; If you don&#039;t want to mess with these tools, just use [[Flashpoint]] - preservation effort for games and animations designed in commercial web frameworks (not just Flash).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;overflow-x:auto;width:100%&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center;width:100%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Name&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#ScaleForm GFx|ScaleForm GFx]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#Adobe AIR|Adobe AIR]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Active&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Desktop &amp;amp; NPAPI &amp;amp; Web&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin&amp;gt;Web version requires a browser that supports NPAPI.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20220331041116/https://www.adobe.com/support/flashplayer/debug_downloads.html 32.0.0.465]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform&amp;gt;Requires the third-party software component to access it.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N&amp;gt;Adobe versions discontinued. Harman versions are currently maintained for enterprise customers only.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gitlab.com/cleanflash/installer Clean Flash Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds 34.0.0.376] (Windows, Mac)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds/releases/tag/v1.7 34.0.0.137] (Linux)&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform/&amp;gt; ||{{✗}}||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|LiA|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://ruffle.rs/ {{RuffleVer}}]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://ruffle.rs/downloads Nightly builds]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://lightspark.github.io/ Lightspark]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|W7|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/releases {{LightsparkVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} [https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L451 *]||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv3}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{License|GPLv3}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://awayfl.org/ AwayFL]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/awayfl/awayfl-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://vidkidz.github.io WAFlash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Na}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://swf2js.com/en/ swf2js]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/swf2js/swf2js 0.7.8]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Moco&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/naomiEve/Moco git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gnu.org/software/gnash GNU Gnash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/download.html 0.8.10]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://tulrich.com/textweb.pl?path=geekstuff/gameswf.txt GameSWF]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows7|macOS|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://sourceforge.net/projects/tu-testbed/files/demos/gameswf-2009-08-08/ 2009-08-08]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|PD}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/wiki swfdec]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/download/swfdec/0.8/swfdec-0.8.4.tar.gz 0.8.4]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv21}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/ CheerpX for Flash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://docs.leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/Changelog Version 35]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://open-flash.github.io/ Open Flash / Doμ Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/open-flash/domu-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|AGPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/mozilla/shumway git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Mobile&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle-android git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Reflash&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kyun.flashgame 2.4.1]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.adobe.flashplayer 11.1.115.81]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|WinMobile}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.adobe.com/mena_en/products/flashplayer_pocketpc/downloads/player.html 7]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Lite and Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Symbian|WinMobile|BlackBerry|iOS|Bada|Android}}{{Icon|Wii}}, Chumby, Iriver&lt;br /&gt;
|App Store and Built-in&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Consoles&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FGP3&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PS3}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/DropSonic0/Flash-Player-PS3-Store 1.06]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Green}} {{License|Unlicense}} ({{License|PDEQ}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PSP Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PSP}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/swfplayerv13.7z v13]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FlashNX&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(Ruffle)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Switch}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/Jonathan8520/FlashNX v1.2.1]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=N /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Comparisons===&lt;br /&gt;
====Hybrid====&lt;br /&gt;
;[[Ruffle]] &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://ruffle.rs/demo/ web demo]) ([https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle/issues/310 avm1 compatibility]) ([https://ruffle.rs/avm2.html avm2 compatibility])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:A Rust-based player that targets both HTML5 and desktop. Ruffle has been able to run many early Flash games since 2021, and the main development focus is now on support for newer AVM2-based files, although there are still significant compatibility gaps as of {{CURRENTYEAR}}. Unlike the other HTML5 options, Ruffle can be installed as a WebExtension in browsers that support it, with the caveat that a website&#039;s hosted copy will sometimes override the extension even if the site is running an older build.&lt;br /&gt;
:Ruffle has become hugely popular as an alternative SWF player, being notably used by a bunch of veteran Flash content sites including [https://www.newgrounds.com Newgrounds], [https://homestarrunner.com Homestar Runner], and also by the Internet Archive&#039;s [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash Flash library]. It&#039;s also the most actively developed and the most comprehensive of the open-source players that are available today, so this is your next best option if you don&#039;t want to bother with Flash Player or anything that&#039;s been forked from it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Desktop / NPAPI====&lt;br /&gt;
[[wikipedia:NPAPI|NPAPI]]—in case you don&#039;t remember—is an obsolete browser plugin system designed to allow for interactive web-page elements beyond what early versions of HTML could do on their own. While there were a bunch of different in-browser software platforms co-existing in the earlier days of the internet, NPAPI effectively existed only for the sake of SWF players once the format became properly dominant and pushed everything else out of the in-browser ecosystem. With the shrinking relevance of SWF in the late 2010s, the plugin system that the players relied on was increasingly seen as an ancient relic that modern browsers would be better off without, and so NPAPI started being phased out by all the major browser vendors in late 2020 (around the same time that Adobe was preparing to drop Flash Player itself). NPAPI hasn&#039;t entirely gone away though, as some indie browser devs still maintain it in their own forks of Firefox and Chromium and such.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
:The proprietary reference player, which Adobe stopped directly supporting at the end of 2020 and has since fully delisted from their website. The plugin version has a built-in kill-switch that was flipped in January 2021, so it&#039;s probably not much use even in browsers that still support NPAPI, but the desktop player version is still usable if you download it from an archived version of the Adobe website. It&#039;s also worth noting that the player hasn&#039;t been completely discontinued: Harman International continues to maintain [https://airsdk.harman.com/flashplayer an extended support version] intended for enterprise users; and there&#039;s also a consumer-level Chinese version which is actively developed by Zhongcheng, although you shouldn&#039;t get it from their official site (Flash [dot] cn) because it&#039;ll be full of bundled malware.&lt;br /&gt;
:Despite the hard discontinuation and a lack of support for user-friendly features such as URL spoofing, Adobe&#039;s Flash Player still remains the most widely-compatible desktop player for Flash games as of 2023, which is why the [[Flashpoint]] preservation project still relies on Flash Player to run its SWF games.&lt;br /&gt;
:;Clean Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
::An unofficial effort that takes the still-active Zhongcheng version of Flash Player and repacks it minus as much malware as the Clean Flash project can remove. This might be the better option if you&#039;re looking for an NPAPI player specifically.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Lightspark&lt;br /&gt;
:A C++ player designed to provide drop-in Free and Open-Source replacements for both the desktop and NPAPI versions of Flash Player. It claims to have 88% of the overall SWF spec covered as of {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}, but development has been slow ever since it became a mostly one-person effort circa 2015. Lightspark historically focused on more recent versions of the SWF spec that weren&#039;t supported by Gnash, hence why Lightspark could (and still can) use Gnash as an automatic fallback if both are installed simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GNU Gnash&lt;br /&gt;
:A desktop-only C++ player that went inactive in 2017, with the most recent stable release dating back to 2012. Probably not much reason to use it over newer versions of Lightspark, which seem to have mostly (if not entirely) superseded Gnash for compatibility.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GameSWF &amp;amp; swfdec&lt;br /&gt;
:Two very early efforts to create non-proprietary replacements for the desktop Flash Player, both inactive since 2009 and very much obsolete nowadays. Gnash began as a fork of GameSWF.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====HTML5====&lt;br /&gt;
Pretty much all of the players listed here are specifically designed to be used as [[wikipedia:Polyfill (programming)|polyfills]] by webmasters who want to keep their Flash-based sites going despite the forced obsolescence of Adobe&#039;s in-browser Flash plugin. They are, therefore, largely not intended for personal use, although it&#039;s usually not impossible and some of them even have official demo pages that you can use to load whatever SWF file you want.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;CheerpX for Flash&lt;br /&gt;
:A proprietary software package designed to make the Harman version of Flash Player usable in modern browsers by running it inside CheerpX, a payware x86 emulator in WebAssembly. No one on this wiki has had the chance to properly evaluate it, but we&#039;d expect reference-level accuracy at the cost of woeful performance. That being said, CheerpX can also function as a streaming client to a bundled server app that does the emulation and processing work instead.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;AwayFL &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://exponenta.games/games/AFL/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:Developed by the Away Foundation, this is arguably the most direct alternative to Ruffle, although it has fallen behind in terms of compatibility. Used by [https://www.coolmathgames.com CoolMathGames] for their old Flash games.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;WAFlash &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://clubpenguinadvanced.github.io/waflash-demo/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An inactive, closed-source C++-to-WebAssembly player that technically hasn&#039;t been made available to outside users, although there are a few sites where you can use it. It was considered the most accurate of the unofficial Flash players as of late 2021, although other still-active projects have caught up significantly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;swf2js &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(web demos: [https://swf2js.com/free/index.html free], [https://swf2js.com/prod/index.html production])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An open-core player that uses a dynamic recompiler. The source-available &amp;quot;Free&amp;quot; version supports limited features, such as AS1, AS2 and ZLIB compression. In contrast, the payware &amp;quot;Production&amp;quot; version is better suited to newer Flash files using AS3 and LZMA compression features. Built on more traditional JavaScript code, so it pretty much always performs worse than any of the WebAssembly players, sometimes noticeably so.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
:A relatively early HTML5 player, actively developed under Mozilla sponsorship between 2012 and 2016 but then abandoned before reaching a usable beta state.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Peripherals==&lt;br /&gt;
===ScaleForm GFx===&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx is a discontinued game development middleware package, a vector graphics rendering engine used to display Adobe Flash-based user interfaces and HUDs for video games. In March 2011, Autodesk acquired Scaleform Corporation and Scaleform GFx became part of the Autodesk Gameware line of middleware. On July 12, 2018, Autodesk discontinued Scaleform GFx, and it is no longer available for purchase.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Authors created user interfaces using Adobe Flash authoring tools, such as Adobe Animate (formerly Adobe Flash Professional); the resulting SWF files were used directly by the GFx libraries, providing similar functionality to the Adobe Flash Player but optimized for use within game engines.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx supported all major platforms, including game consoles, mobile and PC operating systems. Scaleform provides APIs for direct communication between Flash content and the game engine, and pre-built integrations for popular engines such as Unity, Unreal Engine, and CryENGINE. Scaleform GFx could also be licensed for use as a standalone Flash runtime system on mobile platforms, competing with Adobe AIR.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Adobe AIR===&lt;br /&gt;
Adobe AIR (also known as Adobe Integrated Runtime and codenamed Apollo) is a cross-platform runtime system currently developed by Harman International, in collaboration with Adobe Inc., for building desktop  and mobile applications, programmed using Adobe Animate, ActionScript, and optionally Apache Flex. It was originally released in 2008. The runtime supports installable applications on Windows, macOS, and mobile operating systems, including Android, iOS, and BlackBerry Tablet OS.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
AIR is a runtime environment that allows Adobe Animate content and ActionScript 3.0 coders to construct applications and video games that run as a stand-alone executable and behave similarly to a native application on supported platforms. An HTML5 application used in a browser does not require installation, while AIR applications require installation from an installer file (Windows and macOS) or the appropriate App Store (iOS and Android). AIR applications have unrestricted access to local storage and file systems, while browser-based applications only have access to individual files selected by users.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash?tab=collection Archive.org-Software Library: Flash] - Internet Archive&#039;s Flash Games Software Library is abundant with options for any level of computer gaming. With an in-site emulator ready to run thousands of games in the Software Library, the Internet Archive can turn your computer into a mini arcade at the click of a button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Resources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://nosamu.medium.com/flash-player-emulators-how-to-play-swfs-in-2021-and-beyond-d56c3899b7e6 Article by nosamu (of Flashpoint): Flash Player Emulators: How to Play SWF Files in 2021 and Beyond]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://huwdp.github.io/Flash-Matrix/ Huw Pritchard&#039;s Flash Matrix] ([https://github.com/huwdp/Flash-Matrix source repo]) &amp;amp;mdash; an effort to calculate AVM2/AS3 support across multiple Flash players&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Not really emulators]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Harimepuffle</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=144471</id>
		<title>Flash</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=144471"/>
		<updated>2026-06-12T03:54:10Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Harimepuffle: /* Implementations */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox console&lt;br /&gt;
|title=Adobe Flash&lt;br /&gt;
|logo=Adobe_Flash_Logo.png&lt;br /&gt;
|logowidth=160&lt;br /&gt;
|developer=Adobe&lt;br /&gt;
|release=1996&lt;br /&gt;
|discontinued=2020&lt;br /&gt;
|emulated = {{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Flash&#039;&#039;&#039; (previously &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039;utureSp&#039;&#039;&#039;lash&#039;&#039;&#039; Animator, before that SmartSketch) is a software platform created by FutureWave Software and is currently owned by Adobe (formerly Macromedia). Originally a drawing program for PenPoint OS, later ported to Windows and Macintosh when pen computing failed to take off, frame-by-frame animation features were added to it in a new program called FutureSplash Animator. The company was acquired by Macromedia in December 1996, rebranding FutureSplash Animator to Flash, an amalgamation of &amp;quot;Future&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Splash&amp;quot;. In turn, Macromedia was acquired by Adobe on December 3, 2005. Their operations, networks, and customer care organizations were merged shortly after.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Used by an overwhelming majority of websites between the early 2000s and the mid 2010s, Flash was very much the go-to platform for online cartoons and games, being especially popular for various entertainment sites and children&#039;s sites due to its rich content, and has spawned its own subculture of animators and game developers as exemplified by the likes of Newgrounds. SWF elements also proved to be a crucial tool for many multimedia hosting sites so that they could actually play audio/video inside a browser, given the lack of viable alternatives in the pre-HTML5 days. However, around the start of 2010 YouTube started pushing really hard for HTML5 media elements, which have since become a standard feature in modern browsers and single-handedly made Flash Player obsolete for multimedia playback.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In fact, Flash&#039;s popularity as a whole started declining steeply in the mid-to-late 2010s due to the rise of alternative (and open) web standards such as HTML5 and mobile device manufacturers dropping support for the platform, a prominent example being Apple, who publicly stated that iOS would &#039;&#039;never&#039;&#039; support Flash. Google followed suit when it dropped support for the platform in new releases of Android, and it didn&#039;t help that a series of security issues, coupled with Flash itself being a closed standard, led Adobe to wind down on Flash and retire the official player in 2020. The Flash authoring toolkit, since renamed Adobe Animate, is still actively supported and has undergone a total market shift towards animators; a number of popular cartoon series are already produced using Animate, most notably &#039;&#039;My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;Phineas and Ferb&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;Happy Tree Friends&#039;&#039;, to name a few.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Implementations==&lt;br /&gt;
; If you don&#039;t want to mess with these tools, just use [[Flashpoint]] - preservation effort for games and animations designed in commercial web frameworks (not just Flash).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;overflow-x:auto;width:100%&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center;width:100%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Name&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#ScaleForm GFx|ScaleForm GFx]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#Adobe AIR|Adobe AIR]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Active&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Desktop &amp;amp; NPAPI &amp;amp; Web&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin&amp;gt;Web version requires a browser that supports NPAPI.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20220331041116/https://www.adobe.com/support/flashplayer/debug_downloads.html 32.0.0.465]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform&amp;gt;Requires the third-party software component to access it.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N&amp;gt;Adobe versions discontinued. Harman versions are currently maintained for enterprise customers only.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gitlab.com/cleanflash/installer Clean Flash Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds 34.0.0.376] (Windows, Mac)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds/releases/tag/v1.7 34.0.0.137] (Linux)&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform/&amp;gt; ||{{✗}}||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|LiA|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://ruffle.rs/ {{RuffleVer}}]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://ruffle.rs/downloads Nightly builds]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://lightspark.github.io/ Lightspark]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|W7|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/releases {{LightsparkVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} [https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L451 *]||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv3}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{License|GPLv3}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://awayfl.org/ AwayFL]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/awayfl/awayfl-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://vidkidz.github.io WAFlash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Na}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://swf2js.com/en/ swf2js]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/swf2js/swf2js 0.7.8]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Moco&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/naomiEve/Moco git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gnu.org/software/gnash GNU Gnash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/download.html 0.8.10]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://tulrich.com/textweb.pl?path=geekstuff/gameswf.txt GameSWF]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows7|macOS|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://sourceforge.net/projects/tu-testbed/files/demos/gameswf-2009-08-08/ 2009-08-08]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|PD}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/wiki swfdec]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/download/swfdec/0.8/swfdec-0.8.4.tar.gz 0.8.4]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv21}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/ CheerpX for Flash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://docs.leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/Changelog Version 35]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://open-flash.github.io/ Open Flash / Doμ Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/open-flash/domu-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|AGPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/mozilla/shumway git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Mobile&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle-android git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Reflash&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kyun.flashgame 2.4.1]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.adobe.flashplayer 11.1.115.81]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|WinMobile}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.adobe.com/mena_en/products/flashplayer_pocketpc/downloads/player.html 7]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Lite and Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Symbian|WinMobile|BlackBerry|iOS|Bada|Android}}{{Icon|Wii}}, Chumby, Iriver&lt;br /&gt;
|App Store and Built-in&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Consoles&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FGP3&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PS3}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/DropSonic0/Flash-Player-PS3-Store 1.06]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Green}} {{License|Unlicense}} ({{License|PDEQ}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PSP Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PSP}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/swfplayerv13.7z v13]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FlashNX&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(ruffle)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Switch}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/Jonathan8520/FlashNX v1.2.1]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=N /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Comparisons===&lt;br /&gt;
====Hybrid====&lt;br /&gt;
;[[Ruffle]] &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://ruffle.rs/demo/ web demo]) ([https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle/issues/310 avm1 compatibility]) ([https://ruffle.rs/avm2.html avm2 compatibility])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:A Rust-based player that targets both HTML5 and desktop. Ruffle has been able to run many early Flash games since 2021, and the main development focus is now on support for newer AVM2-based files, although there are still significant compatibility gaps as of {{CURRENTYEAR}}. Unlike the other HTML5 options, Ruffle can be installed as a WebExtension in browsers that support it, with the caveat that a website&#039;s hosted copy will sometimes override the extension even if the site is running an older build.&lt;br /&gt;
:Ruffle has become hugely popular as an alternative SWF player, being notably used by a bunch of veteran Flash content sites including [https://www.newgrounds.com Newgrounds], [https://homestarrunner.com Homestar Runner], and also by the Internet Archive&#039;s [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash Flash library]. It&#039;s also the most actively developed and the most comprehensive of the open-source players that are available today, so this is your next best option if you don&#039;t want to bother with Flash Player or anything that&#039;s been forked from it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Desktop / NPAPI====&lt;br /&gt;
[[wikipedia:NPAPI|NPAPI]]—in case you don&#039;t remember—is an obsolete browser plugin system designed to allow for interactive web-page elements beyond what early versions of HTML could do on their own. While there were a bunch of different in-browser software platforms co-existing in the earlier days of the internet, NPAPI effectively existed only for the sake of SWF players once the format became properly dominant and pushed everything else out of the in-browser ecosystem. With the shrinking relevance of SWF in the late 2010s, the plugin system that the players relied on was increasingly seen as an ancient relic that modern browsers would be better off without, and so NPAPI started being phased out by all the major browser vendors in late 2020 (around the same time that Adobe was preparing to drop Flash Player itself). NPAPI hasn&#039;t entirely gone away though, as some indie browser devs still maintain it in their own forks of Firefox and Chromium and such.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
:The proprietary reference player, which Adobe stopped directly supporting at the end of 2020 and has since fully delisted from their website. The plugin version has a built-in kill-switch that was flipped in January 2021, so it&#039;s probably not much use even in browsers that still support NPAPI, but the desktop player version is still usable if you download it from an archived version of the Adobe website. It&#039;s also worth noting that the player hasn&#039;t been completely discontinued: Harman International continues to maintain [https://airsdk.harman.com/flashplayer an extended support version] intended for enterprise users; and there&#039;s also a consumer-level Chinese version which is actively developed by Zhongcheng, although you shouldn&#039;t get it from their official site (Flash [dot] cn) because it&#039;ll be full of bundled malware.&lt;br /&gt;
:Despite the hard discontinuation and a lack of support for user-friendly features such as URL spoofing, Adobe&#039;s Flash Player still remains the most widely-compatible desktop player for Flash games as of 2023, which is why the [[Flashpoint]] preservation project still relies on Flash Player to run its SWF games.&lt;br /&gt;
:;Clean Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
::An unofficial effort that takes the still-active Zhongcheng version of Flash Player and repacks it minus as much malware as the Clean Flash project can remove. This might be the better option if you&#039;re looking for an NPAPI player specifically.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Lightspark&lt;br /&gt;
:A C++ player designed to provide drop-in Free and Open-Source replacements for both the desktop and NPAPI versions of Flash Player. It claims to have 88% of the overall SWF spec covered as of {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}, but development has been slow ever since it became a mostly one-person effort circa 2015. Lightspark historically focused on more recent versions of the SWF spec that weren&#039;t supported by Gnash, hence why Lightspark could (and still can) use Gnash as an automatic fallback if both are installed simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GNU Gnash&lt;br /&gt;
:A desktop-only C++ player that went inactive in 2017, with the most recent stable release dating back to 2012. Probably not much reason to use it over newer versions of Lightspark, which seem to have mostly (if not entirely) superseded Gnash for compatibility.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GameSWF &amp;amp; swfdec&lt;br /&gt;
:Two very early efforts to create non-proprietary replacements for the desktop Flash Player, both inactive since 2009 and very much obsolete nowadays. Gnash began as a fork of GameSWF.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====HTML5====&lt;br /&gt;
Pretty much all of the players listed here are specifically designed to be used as [[wikipedia:Polyfill (programming)|polyfills]] by webmasters who want to keep their Flash-based sites going despite the forced obsolescence of Adobe&#039;s in-browser Flash plugin. They are, therefore, largely not intended for personal use, although it&#039;s usually not impossible and some of them even have official demo pages that you can use to load whatever SWF file you want.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;CheerpX for Flash&lt;br /&gt;
:A proprietary software package designed to make the Harman version of Flash Player usable in modern browsers by running it inside CheerpX, a payware x86 emulator in WebAssembly. No one on this wiki has had the chance to properly evaluate it, but we&#039;d expect reference-level accuracy at the cost of woeful performance. That being said, CheerpX can also function as a streaming client to a bundled server app that does the emulation and processing work instead.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;AwayFL &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://exponenta.games/games/AFL/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:Developed by the Away Foundation, this is arguably the most direct alternative to Ruffle, although it has fallen behind in terms of compatibility. Used by [https://www.coolmathgames.com CoolMathGames] for their old Flash games.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;WAFlash &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://clubpenguinadvanced.github.io/waflash-demo/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An inactive, closed-source C++-to-WebAssembly player that technically hasn&#039;t been made available to outside users, although there are a few sites where you can use it. It was considered the most accurate of the unofficial Flash players as of late 2021, although other still-active projects have caught up significantly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;swf2js &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(web demos: [https://swf2js.com/free/index.html free], [https://swf2js.com/prod/index.html production])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An open-core player that uses a dynamic recompiler. The source-available &amp;quot;Free&amp;quot; version supports limited features, such as AS1, AS2 and ZLIB compression. In contrast, the payware &amp;quot;Production&amp;quot; version is better suited to newer Flash files using AS3 and LZMA compression features. Built on more traditional JavaScript code, so it pretty much always performs worse than any of the WebAssembly players, sometimes noticeably so.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
:A relatively early HTML5 player, actively developed under Mozilla sponsorship between 2012 and 2016 but then abandoned before reaching a usable beta state.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Peripherals==&lt;br /&gt;
===ScaleForm GFx===&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx is a discontinued game development middleware package, a vector graphics rendering engine used to display Adobe Flash-based user interfaces and HUDs for video games. In March 2011, Autodesk acquired Scaleform Corporation and Scaleform GFx became part of the Autodesk Gameware line of middleware. On July 12, 2018, Autodesk discontinued Scaleform GFx, and it is no longer available for purchase.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Authors created user interfaces using Adobe Flash authoring tools, such as Adobe Animate (formerly Adobe Flash Professional); the resulting SWF files were used directly by the GFx libraries, providing similar functionality to the Adobe Flash Player but optimized for use within game engines.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx supported all major platforms, including game consoles, mobile and PC operating systems. Scaleform provides APIs for direct communication between Flash content and the game engine, and pre-built integrations for popular engines such as Unity, Unreal Engine, and CryENGINE. Scaleform GFx could also be licensed for use as a standalone Flash runtime system on mobile platforms, competing with Adobe AIR.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Adobe AIR===&lt;br /&gt;
Adobe AIR (also known as Adobe Integrated Runtime and codenamed Apollo) is a cross-platform runtime system currently developed by Harman International, in collaboration with Adobe Inc., for building desktop  and mobile applications, programmed using Adobe Animate, ActionScript, and optionally Apache Flex. It was originally released in 2008. The runtime supports installable applications on Windows, macOS, and mobile operating systems, including Android, iOS, and BlackBerry Tablet OS.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
AIR is a runtime environment that allows Adobe Animate content and ActionScript 3.0 coders to construct applications and video games that run as a stand-alone executable and behave similarly to a native application on supported platforms. An HTML5 application used in a browser does not require installation, while AIR applications require installation from an installer file (Windows and macOS) or the appropriate App Store (iOS and Android). AIR applications have unrestricted access to local storage and file systems, while browser-based applications only have access to individual files selected by users.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash?tab=collection Archive.org-Software Library: Flash] - Internet Archive&#039;s Flash Games Software Library is abundant with options for any level of computer gaming. With an in-site emulator ready to run thousands of games in the Software Library, the Internet Archive can turn your computer into a mini arcade at the click of a button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Resources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://nosamu.medium.com/flash-player-emulators-how-to-play-swfs-in-2021-and-beyond-d56c3899b7e6 Article by nosamu (of Flashpoint): Flash Player Emulators: How to Play SWF Files in 2021 and Beyond]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://huwdp.github.io/Flash-Matrix/ Huw Pritchard&#039;s Flash Matrix] ([https://github.com/huwdp/Flash-Matrix source repo]) &amp;amp;mdash; an effort to calculate AVM2/AS3 support across multiple Flash players&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Not really emulators]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Harimepuffle</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=List_of_consoles&amp;diff=144415</id>
		<title>List of consoles</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=List_of_consoles&amp;diff=144415"/>
		<updated>2026-06-10T22:00:13Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Harimepuffle: /* Consoles */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Consoles}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Placeholder Section}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{WIP}}&lt;br /&gt;
A &#039;&#039;&#039;console&#039;&#039;&#039; is an electronic device that outputs a video signal or image to display a video game that can typically be played with a game controller. These may be home consoles, which are generally placed in a permanent location connected to a television or other display devices and controlled with a separate game controller, or handheld consoles, which include their own display unit and controller functions built into the unit and which can be played anywhere. Hybrid consoles combine elements of both home and handheld consoles. Lets see how want it for this much consoles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Consoles=&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot; wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:right;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable sortable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:10%&amp;quot; |Manufacturer /&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Developer&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:11.7%&amp;quot; |Console&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:1%&amp;quot; |Generation&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:6.8%&amp;quot; |Year&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:8.7%&amp;quot;|Console Type&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:1%&amp;quot;|[[MAME]] support&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:1%&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;unsortable&amp;quot;|Emulators&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:1%&amp;quot; |ROMs /&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; No-Intro  collection &lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:31%&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;unsortable&amp;quot;|Description and  information on non-mame emulation&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;#&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;#&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|3-Plus&lt;br /&gt;
|DVD-Kids&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|DVD-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by the 3-Plus circa 2005. DVD-Kids is a rare Icelandic console that plugged into your DVD Player. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold, how many game were made for it or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;A&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;A&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Active Cues / Tover &lt;br /&gt;
|Tovertafel&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Projector-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Therapeutic / Medical &lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Amstrad&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Amstrad_CPC_emulators#GX4000|GX4000]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|APF Electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|MP1000 / M-1000&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Apple&lt;br /&gt;
|[[iPod Classic emulators|iPod Classic]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2006 (iPod Games)&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Aquaplus&lt;br /&gt;
|[[P/ECE emulators|P/ECE]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot; |Atari&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari 2600 emulators|2600 / VCS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second &lt;br /&gt;
|1977&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/atari_2600_library Yes] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [http://www.atarimania.com/rom_collection_archive_atari_2600_roms.html ROMs]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari 5200 emulators|5200]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second &lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/atari_5200_library Yes] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [https://archive.org/details/Atari5200_201602 No-intro]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari 7800 emulators|7800]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third &lt;br /&gt;
|1986&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari Jaguar emulators|Jaguar]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari_Jaguar_emulators#Atari_Jaguar_CD|Jaguar CD]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari Lynx emulators|Lynx]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari VCS|VCS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2021&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari_8-bit_emulators#Atari_XEGS|XEGS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;B&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;B&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Baiyi Animation&lt;br /&gt;
|C2: Color &amp;amp; Card&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2015 in China by Baiyi Animation, the extremely rare C2 was made to bank on Roco Kingdom films&#039; popularity but ultimately it ended up a flop. Only 6 games were made for it, and it was discontinued shortly after being released.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bally&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Astrocade]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://ia803208.us.archive.org/view_archive.php?archive=/22/items/Bally_Professional_Arcade_and_Astrocade_TOSEC_2012_04_23/Bally_Professional_Arcade_and_Astrocade_TOSEC_2012_04_23.zip TOSEC]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/bally_astrocade_library Roms]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; |Bandai&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Design Master Senshi Mangajukuu]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.gamingalexandria.com/wp/2020/08/04/bandai-design-master-denshi-mangajuku-complete-game-library-dumps-scans/ Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in Japan by Bandai in 1995, the Denshi Manga Juku was the first touchscreen-based console ever and the predecessor to the [[WonderSwan emulators|WonderSwan]]. It was discontinued in 1996, and only four games were released for it (including, of all things, an exclusive Rockman aka Mega Man game with 9 cartridges having been produced, though only 8 were sent to retailers).&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Digi Casse]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Playdia]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/BandaiPlaydia_Redump.org_2018-01-22 Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|A disc-based system released in Japan by Bandai in 1994. Notably, it had a wireless controller and all of its titles were interactive movies like Dragon&#039;s Lair. No known emulators.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Super Vision 8000]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1979&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Terebikko|Terebikko \ Video Phone]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988 (JP) &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; 1989 (US)&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|The Terebikko is a VHS-Based edutainment console released in Japan by Bandai in 1988 and in the US by Mattel in 1989, The Japanese version had less then 10 games made for it, but most of them are based on high profile properties such as Super Mario, Sailor Moon, Doraemon and Dragon Ball Z, Meanwhile, Only 2 games are known to have been released for the US version, both were discontinued in 1994, and it&#039;s unknown how many units were sold. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[WonderSwan emulators|WonderSwan]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bandai / [[Apple Inc.|Apple]]&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Apple Pippin|Pippin]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1996&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|BBC Enterprises&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:BBC_Bridge_Companion|Bridge Companion]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1985&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=bbcbc Good]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|An 8-bit console made exclusively for teaching people how to play bridge.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|BBK Electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|Electronic Dictionaries &lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 198?&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Like the devices released by Wenquxing, the BBK is a long line of electronic dictionaries that became a mainstay in Chinese portable gaming.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Belogic&lt;br /&gt;
|Uzebox&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Home / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|The Uzebox is a retro-minimalist 8-bit open source game console. It is based on an AVR 8-bit general purpose microcontroller made by Atmel. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bit Corporation &lt;br /&gt;
|[[Gamate]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Blaze Entertainment&lt;br /&gt;
|Evercade&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2020&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Evercade EXP&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2022&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Evercade VS&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2021&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Brainchild&lt;br /&gt;
|PLS-1000&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;1994&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20041204044007/http://www.brainchild.com/handhelds.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld &lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20051123065906/http://www.brainchild.com/handhelds.asp Study Buddy]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld &lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bright Things&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://videogamekraken.com/bubble-by-bright-things-plc Bubble]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|DVD-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;C&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;C&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cadaco Toys&lt;br /&gt;
|Buzztime Home Trivia System&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2004, the system is the result of a partnership between Cadaco Toys and NTN Network (now known as [[wikipedia:NTN Buzztime|NTN Buzztime]] since 2006); and, as the name implies, the console was designed around playing trivia with family and friends. The console runs on [https://twitter.com/MameHaze/status/1221263600398094337 Elan Hardware]. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Capcom&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CP_System#Capcom_Power_System_Changer|Power System Changer]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A console version of the Capcom CPS arcade board. Compatible with SNES controllers.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Casio&lt;br /&gt;
|Loopy&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/download/No-Intro-Collection_2016-01-03 No-intro]&lt;br /&gt;
|A Japan-only game console designed for girls focused on printing stickers. A &#039;&#039;&#039;Magical Shop&#039;&#039;&#039; add-on allowed for the printing of any screenshot, not just Loopy games. Only 11 games were released. An emulator called [https://github.com/PSI-Rockin/LoopyMSE LoopyMSE] was released in 2024 and it seems to run the whole library without much problem. Additionally, there&#039;s a frontend called [https://madsonweb.itch.io/cassio-loopy-emulator-zrupi zRupi] that makes things more easier. An [https://github.com/partlyhuman/puppy-love-story/ english translation] for the game [https://vndb.org/v53831 Wanwan Aijou Monogatari] was released in 2025. See {{YouTubeVideo|zaW6EB1poxM|a demonstration}} and {{YouTubeVideo|PNWGVtwTkiM|an overview}}.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PV-1000&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Coleco&lt;br /&gt;
|[[ColecoVision emulators|ColecoVision]]&amp;lt;ref group=c &amp;gt;ColecoVision Clones:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;max-width:100%; overflow:auto;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&lt;br /&gt;
|+  {{Gray|align=left}}&lt;br /&gt;
!Name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Spectravideo SVI-603 Coleco Game Adapter (for hooking up to the [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/results_sys.php?publisher=Spectravideo SVI-318 or SVI-328] computers)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bit Corporation&#039;s [[wikipedia:Dina (video game console)|Dina]] (AKA &amp;quot;Chuang Zao Zhe 50&amp;quot;, Taiwan, 1986)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Telegames#Telegames_Personal_Arcade|Telegames&#039; The Personal Arcade]] (clone of [https://segaretro.org/Dina_2_in_one Dina 2 in 1], 1988)&lt;br /&gt;
|}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [https://archive.org/details/ColecoColecoVision_201602 No-intro]&lt;br /&gt;
|Coleco marketed different add-ons for their console, with one of them being the fast-selling Atari VCS adapter which enables the ColecoVision to play Atari cartridges. Atari sued them, but lost the case. The ColecoVision was sold as NTSC and PAL variants in different regions.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Telstar Arcade&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1977&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1977, Coleco&#039;s first attempt at making a video game console was an odd one, a triangle console with triangle cartridges, and each side of system had a different controller type. The console itself does not have a CPU built-in; instead, each cartridge contained a custom chip based on the [[POS_(Pong_consoles)_CPUs_and_other_chips#Pong_Consoles_.28Pong_In_A_Chip.29|Mostek MPS-7600 POC series.]] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. Only four games were released for the system.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Commodore&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Amiga_Line#Amiga CD32|Amiga CD32]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Amiga_CD32_TOSEC_2009_04_18 TOSEC] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [https://archive.org/details/RedumpAmigaCD32 Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|An ill-fated console version of the Amiga 1200. Its failure led to the bankruptcy of Commodore shortly after the console was discontinued in only 8 months after its release. Can be emulated in [[WinUAE]] like other [[Amiga emulators|Amiga hardware]].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[AmigaOS_emulators#Commodore_CDTV|CDTV]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Amiga_CDTV_TOSEC_2009_04_18 TOSEC] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [https://archive.org/details/RedumpCommodoreAmigaCDTV Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|A console version of the Amiga 500.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Commodore_64_emulators#Commodore_64_Games_System|Commodore 64 Games System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|A hacked-up console version of the regular [[Commodore 64 emulators|Commodore 64]], released only in Europe. Failed hilariously due to its outdated tech (1984 hardware in 1990!), the fact that the normal Commodore 64 was already sufficient, and a bad case of the &#039;no games&#039;. It is supported in [[VICE]], a widely-used emulator for Commodore&#039;s 8-bit computers.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Connor Electronics &lt;br /&gt;
|[[ComputerSmarts]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / VHS-based&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Videosmarts]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1986&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released around 1986 by the Connor Toy Corporation, the Videosmarts is VHS edutainment console that was used to teach pre-school to second grade subjects. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cubios Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|Rubik&#039;s WOWCube&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2025&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Cybiko Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|Cybiko&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2000&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/download/TOSEC_V2017-04-23/Cybiko/ TOSEC]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cybiko Xtreme&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;D&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;D&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Daewoo Electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Zemmix|Zemmix Series]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1985 - 1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Korean system that was simply an MSX/MSX2 (depending on the model) in console form. Mostly just existed as a way to play MSX games. Though there were a few games made specifically for it, they were playable on the MSX as well. Any MSX emulator should work with those games. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dingoo Digital Technology&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Dingoo]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;E&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;E&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Eedoo&lt;br /&gt;
|CT510&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2012&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Taking heavy influenced by the Microsoft Kinect, the CT510 was made by a Chinese company for the Chinese video game market, and it&#039;s one of the rarest consoles ever; Chinese customers reported that on its launch day, they couldn&#039;t find anyone who knew about it, let alone had one in-stock, one article called it [https://web.archive.org/web/20230402205515/https://www.techinasia.com/eedoo-ct150-game-console-launch-china vaporware] on its launch day. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Elonex&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://videogamekraken.com/igame-family-by-elonex iGAME]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Emerson&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Emerson Arcadia 2001 emulators|Arcadia 2001]]&amp;lt;ref group=c&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Arcadia 2001 Clones and variants:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;max-width:100%; overflow:auto;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&lt;br /&gt;
|+  {{Gray|align=left}}&lt;br /&gt;
!Name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Advision Home Arcade&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Arcadia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cosmos&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dynavision&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Ekusera&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Hanimex MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|HMG-2650&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Home Arcade Centre&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Intelligent Game MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Intercord XL 2000 System&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Intervision 2001&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|ITMC MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Leisure-Vision&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Leonardo&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Ormatu 2001&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Palladium Video-Computer-Game&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Polybrain Video Computer Game&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Poppy MPT-03 Tele Computer Spiel&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Prestige Video Computer Game MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Robdajet MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Rowtron 2000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Schmid TVG-2000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Sheen Home Video Centre 2001&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Soundic MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tele Brain&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tele-Fever&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tempest MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tobby MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Trakton Computer Video Game&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tryom Video Game Center&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tunix Home Arcade&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|UVI Compu-Game&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Video Master&lt;br /&gt;
|}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Emerson_Arcadia_2001_TOSEC_2012_04_23 TOSEC]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/emerson_arcadia_library ROMs]&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://adb.arcadeitalia.net/dettaglio_mame.php?game_name=arcadia&amp;amp;search_id= Over 50 games] made for it. The graphic quality is similar to that of the [[Intellivision emulators|Intellivision]] and the [[Magnavox Odyssey² emulators|Odyssey²]]. Sound is still imperfect in games.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Entex Industries &lt;br /&gt;
|[[gametech:Entex_Adventure_Vision|Adventure Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Select-A-Game&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1981&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Epoch&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Barcode Battler]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in Japan by Epoch in 1991 and internationally later in the same year. The console was basically a digital trading card game, whereas the player used Barcodes to get new characters, enemies and power-ups. Barcode cards were available in packs, and the player was even encouraged to use Barcodes found on everyday products around the house. The Barcode Battler was hugely popular in Japan but a major flop elsewhere. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or how many cards were officially released.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Cassette Vision emulators|Cassette Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1981&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Only 12 games exist for this console, and some have been dumped. Seanriddle has succeded to dump the graphic sprites of Kikori no Yosaku. Apparently, the BIOS for the console is inside each cart. Latest MAME forum [http://forums.bannister.org//ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&amp;amp;Number=102087&amp;amp;page=4 thread].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Game Pocket Computer&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Super Cassette Vision emulators|Super Cassette Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Excalibur Electronics &lt;br /&gt;
|Bible Challenge&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 200?&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released sometime in the early 2000s by Excalibur Electronics, Bible Challenge is a educational game handheld console made to teach kids the Bible. It was re-released as &amp;quot;Bible Quest&amp;quot; at some point but its unknown when this variant was released. Around five games were released for the system and it&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;F&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Fairchild&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Fairchild Channel F emulators|Channel F]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1976&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/FairchildChannelF No-intro]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/channelf_library Roms]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Fairchild Channel F emulators|Channel F II]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1980&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|N/A&lt;br /&gt;
|An update to the Channel F, with no known exclusive games.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; |Fisher-Price&lt;br /&gt;
|Interac TV &lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by Fisher-Price in 2006. The Interac TV was designed to turn any DVD Player into an educational console. Just sync the custom wireless controller to your DVD Player and put a game disk in. Unfortunately, incompatibility issues resulted in most customers being unable to sync the controller with their player, and some even said that their DVD player couldn&#039;t even read the disks. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[IXL]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by Fisher-Price in 2010 and discontinued in 2012, the iXL is a touchscreen-based console designed for kids 3 to 7 years of age; it&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or how many games were released for it. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Kasey the Kinderbot&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2002&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / Toy / Robot&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Pixter]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2000&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Pixter Color]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Pixter Multimedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Smart Cycle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2007&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2007 by Fisher-Price, it&#039;s not to be confused with their later phone/tablet controller of the same name. The Smart Cycle is a hybrid between an exercise bike and a edutainment console. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Franklin&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Franklin Electronic Publishers|Bookman]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / eReader / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Franklin Electronic Publishers first released the Bookman in 1989. It was marketed as electronic book, never designed to be a video game system, yet the Bookman still has a place in video game history. The Bookman line of devices were originally sold in 1989 as &amp;quot;Electronic Bibles&amp;quot; that costed {{Inflation|USD|299.99|1989}} before expanding into electronic versions of non-religious books in the early 90s. All models have a cartridge slot for other books and games. They were all trivia or some other kind of word game. How many units were sold and the number of games that were released are unknown.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Fujitsu&lt;br /&gt;
|[[FM Towns emulators|FM Towns Marty]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Trurip&lt;br /&gt;
|An early fifth-generation console released by Fujitsu in 1993, which is basically a consolized [[FM Towns emulators|FM-Towns]] personal computer. Despite being claimed to be the first 32-bit CD-based home video game system, it failed due to its astronomical price. Another version called the {{YouTubeVideo|RQs7zyn4uVQ|Car Marty}} was also released, designed to be a GPS for automobiles. Preliminary MAME support for both.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Funsation&lt;br /&gt;
|Off-The-Wall Projector&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Projector-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1989 by the European company Funsation (the exact origin is unknown). This projector-based console somehow sold worse and is even rarer then the &amp;quot;Mega Video Game&amp;quot; (a similar console that also flopped). It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Funtech&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Super A&#039;Can]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;G&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;G&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Gakken&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia: Gakken Compact Vision TV Boy|Compact TV Boy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Gamepad Digital&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GPD XD/XD+]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |GamePark Holdings&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GP2X emulators|GP2X]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GP2X Wiz emulators|GP2X Wiz]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GP32 emulators|GP32]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Giochi Preziosi&lt;br /&gt;
|My Life&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2007&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;H&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;H&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Hartung&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game Master]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Hasbro&lt;br /&gt;
|[[ION]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in time for the 2005 Holiday season, the Ion is basically a PS2 Eye-Toy turned into an edutainment console for preschoolers. At the time, the Ion had been turning heads at toy fairs, hype had been building, and the console had been looking to be a real hit for Hasbro, but for whatever reason, the console flopped and disappeared into obscurity faster than the refunds could be made. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|HyperMegaTech!&lt;br /&gt;
|Super Pocket&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2023&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;I&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;I&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Innovations for Learning&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Teachermate]]&amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Teachermate Handheld Educational Computer&amp;quot;&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Interactive Learning Group&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://consollection.de/model/video-buddy Video Buddy]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in November of 1999 by the Interactive Learning Group, the Video Buddy is a VHS-based console designed for children aged 3 to 7 years old and had about 20 games released for it. A revision of the Video Buddy that used DVDs instead of VHSs was released in 2003, and while both versions had initially been successful, a crowded &amp;quot;children&amp;quot; console market led to its downfall. The other company that made the DVD-based console shut down in 2006. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Interton&lt;br /&gt;
|[[gametech:Interton_VC_4000|VC 4000]]&amp;lt;ref group=c&amp;gt;VC-4000 clones:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;max-width:100%; overflow:auto;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&lt;br /&gt;
|+  {{Gray|align=left}}&lt;br /&gt;
!Name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Jeu Video TV&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Super Play Computer 4000&lt;br /&gt;
|}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;J&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;J&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|J.Cock&lt;br /&gt;
|Z400S&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 199?&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld / Business&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in Japan sometime in the 90s, the Z400S was made for gambling or prize winning games, not for the home console market. A business like a Bar or Hotel would lend it to a costumer, so they could play a casino-type game. It&#039;s speculated that it used PC Engine (TurboGrafx-16) hardware but nothing has been confirmed. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|JungleTac&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Sport Vii|Sport Vii]]/Vii/V-Sport&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2007&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|A rather poor excuse of a response to the [[Wii emulators|Wii]], made by JungleTac, KenSingTon, with a dozen or so manufacturers churning out shoddy variants of it. Emulators have recently been made for the platform, with several projects aiming to provide support for Sunplus&#039; rather oddball architecture, such as [https://web.archive.org/web/20150916124951/http://www.maxconsole.com/maxcon_forums/threads/280551-MuchimeX-v0-5-has-been-released! MuchimeX for the original Xbox], and [http://hackmii.com/2010/04/sunplus-the-biggest-chip-company-youve-never-heard-of/ Unununium], the latter being the basis for a [[MESS]] core. The same goes for VTech&#039;s [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=vsmile V.Smile], the [[wikipedia:Xavix|XaviXPORT]] and most [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=batmantv Jakks Pacific] TV games including those [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=walle Disney tie-in ones].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;K&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;K&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |K&#039;s Kids&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20170110002414/http://kmagic.kskids.com/ K-Magic]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by in 2010 by K&#039;s Kids for the &#039;0- to 6-year old children&#039; market, the K-Magic is an educational handheld console that used cartridges called &amp;quot;Magic Cards&amp;quot; and was overall designed to be as simple as possible. It was discontinued in 2018 with the release of the K-Magic 2. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it or how many units were sold.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20260216184758/https://www.kmagic2pro.kskids.com/ K-Magic 2]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2018&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2022 (Pro)&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2018 by K&#039;s Kids for the &#039;0- to 6-year old children&#039; market, the K-Magic 2 simplifies the original console by having everything already built-in and ready for parents and children to use. Because it&#039;s still being sold, when it will be discontinued and info on how many units have been sold has so far not been released to the public. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Kevin Bates&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Arduboy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Koei&lt;br /&gt;
|PasoGo&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1996&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|In 1996, Koei released a Game Boy competitor in Japan called the PasoGo. For some reason, Koei decided to market it as being designed specifically to play the traditional Asian board game, Go. The console flopped thanks to its high price tag of 39,800 Yen (about $600 when adjusted for inflation), the size of the device, and the fact that all six launch titles were slightly different versions of Go. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Konami&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Picno]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1992&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / Drawing Tablet&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in Japan by Konami in 1992, the extremely rare Picno is an odd hybrid of a video game console and a drawing tablet that used cartridges similar to [[wikipedia:HuCard|HuCard]] and reminds of [https://segaretro.org/Sega_Pico Sega Pico]. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold, when it was discontinued or how many games were released. [http://videogamesdensetsu.tumblr.com/post/142354502350/the-konami-picno-%E3%83%94%E3%82%AF%E3%83%8E-1992-a-drawing-tablet Software &amp;amp; sources lists].&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;L&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Landmark Entertainment&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Captain Power]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;11&amp;quot; |LeapFrog&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.toydirectory.com/monthly/new_product.asp?id=17781 Crammer Study &amp;amp; Sound System]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / Handheld &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; Media Player / Study Tool&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A hybrid system released in 2008 by LeapFrog that combines a Studying Tool, Portable Music Player, and a Handheld console into one device. It appears to be one of LeapFrog&#039;s least successful devices considering how obscure the Crammer is. How many units sold, number of games were released and when it was discontinued is unknown.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Didj emulators|Didj]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|iQuest &lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2002 &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; 2004 (v4.0)&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|An odd hybrid of an Educational Console and a basic PDA released by LeapFrog in 2002. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Leapster]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth &lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|The Leapster Learning Game System (Released in late 2003) is an educational handheld game console aimed at 4 to 10-year-olds (preschool to fourth grade), made by LeapFrog Enterprises. Its games teach the alphabet, phonics, basic arithmetical operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division), art, and animal facts to players. It featured a touchscreen and games from various licenses from Thomas &amp;amp; Friends to Sonic X. Its software seems to be based on Macromedia Flash. Oddly enough, its successors, i.e. the Didj, Leapster Explorer, and LeapPad series of tablets, which run on the Pollux and NXP3200 platforms (along with a customized Linux distribution), have decent homebrew scenes, including even some emulators.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Leapster|Leapster 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Leapster Explorer]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[LeapsterGS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2012&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|LeapTV&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2014&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Little Leaps Grow-with-Me Learning System&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Little Leaps&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Rockit Twist]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2019&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Zippity]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|LG&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20190920074903/https://liliputing.com/2012/11/lg-kids-pad-tablet-hits-south-korea-for-276.html Kids Pad]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2012&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2012 by LG, the Kids Pad was only sold in South Korea. It featured an app store and support for cartridges. How many units sold, number of games were released and when it was discontinued is unknown. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Lico&lt;br /&gt;
|[[CAI System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 199?&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A console released by Lico around the early to mid 90s, this Taiwan-only console is even rarer then the Super A&#039;Can. There is very little known about it other than that it seems to be an educational console and that it&#039;s not a famiclone. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold, when it was discontinued or how many games were released.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|LJN&lt;br /&gt;
|Video Art&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A notorious &amp;quot;educational&amp;quot; console made by LJN released in 1985. It was meant as a paint-type system that was meant to compete against television rather than mainstream consoles at the time. It flopped hard. See {{YouTubeVideo|neURIc_A3js|the commercial}} and {{YouTubeVideo|8-zEhhTqdvg|AVGN Review}}.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;M&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;M&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|M&amp;amp;D &lt;br /&gt;
|Monon Color&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2014&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Like the C2, the Monon Color from 2014 also tried to bank on Roco Kingdom films&#039; popularity and was only slightly more successful; it&#039;s unknown how many games (at least 15) were released for it or when it was discontinued. Preliminary support for it was added in MAME [https://www.reddit.com/r/emulation/comments/a9i37l/mame_0205/ 0.205] on [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MAME_0.205 December 2018], and promoted to working state in MAME [https://www.mamedev.org/?p=516#readmore 0.247] on 31 August 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Magnavox&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Magnavox Odyssey emulators|Odyssey]]&lt;br /&gt;
|First&lt;br /&gt;
|1972&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|N/A&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Magnavox Odyssey² emulators|Odyssey²]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Manley&lt;br /&gt;
|GoGo TV Video Vision&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released sometime between 2005 and 2006 by Manley, the GoGo is another EyeToy-turned-into-edutainment console, and like the Ion, it flopped and has since fallen into obscurity. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Mattel&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Intellivision_emulators#ECS|ECS]]&amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Entertainment Computer System&amp;quot;&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[HyperScan]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Intellivision emulators|Intellivision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1979&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Intellivision emulators|Intellivision II]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|An update to the Intellivision, with no known exclusive games.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Memorex&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Tandy_Video_Information_System|VIS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1992&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/MemorexVisualInformationSystem-Redump.org2019-05-27 Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|A beautiful monster sold only at RadioShack in the early 90s. Its software may be playable on Windows 3.x emulators, as the console&#039;s OS was an altered version of that.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Microsoft&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Xbox emulators|Xbox]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Xbox 360 emulators|Xbox 360]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Xbox One emulators|Xbox One]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2013&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Xbox Series X and Series S|Xbox Series X/S]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2020&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Milton Bradley &lt;br /&gt;
|[[MicroVision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1979&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[OMNI]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1980&lt;br /&gt;
|Luggable&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Milton Bradley / &amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;General Consumer Electronics&amp;quot;&amp;gt;GCE&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Vectrex emulators|Vectrex]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Luggable&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;N&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;N&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |NEC&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PC-FX emulators|PC-FX]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PC Engine (TurboGrafx-16) emulators|PC Engine / TurboGrafx-16]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PC Engine SuperGrafx emulators|PC Engine SuperGrafx]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nichibutsu&lt;br /&gt;
|[[My Vision emulators|My Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nikko&lt;br /&gt;
|DigiBlast&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;17&amp;quot; |Nintendo&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo 3DS emulators|3DS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2011&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo Entertainment System emulators|Famicom / NES]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo Entertainment System emulators|Famicom Disk System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1986&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game Boy (Color) emulators|Game Boy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game Boy Advance emulators|Game Boy Advance]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game Boy (Color) emulators|Game Boy Color]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo GameCube emulators|GameCube]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo 64 emulators|N64]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1996&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo_64_emulators#64DD_emulation|N64DD]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo DS emulators|NDS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2009 (DSi)&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Pokémon mini emulators|Pokémon Mini]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/download/TOSEC_V2017-04-23/Nintendo/Pokemon%20Mini/ TOSEC]&lt;br /&gt;
|A very downgraded Game Boy (but also the tiniest cart-based handheld device made by Nintendo). It was first released in NA and then Japan in late 2001. Only Pokemon related games were released, and its library of games is also very limited. It&#039;s also very rare nowadays. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Super Nintendo Entertainment System emulators|Super Famicom / SNES]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo Switch emulators|Switch]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2017&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo Switch 2 emulators|Switch 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2025&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Virtual Boy emulators|Virtual Boy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Luggable&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Wii emulators|Wii]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Wii U emulators|Wii U]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2012&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nokia&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Symbian_emulators#N-Gage|N-Gage]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;O&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;O&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Ouya, Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ouya emulators|Ouya]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2013&lt;br /&gt;
|Microconsole&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;P&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;P&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Palmtex&lt;br /&gt;
|Super Micro / &amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Portable Videogame System&amp;quot;&amp;gt;PVS&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Panic Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Playdate]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2022&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Philips&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Philips CD-i emulators|CD-i]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/redumpPhilipsCdi Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|Thanks to working with Nintendo to develop a CD add-on for the SNES, the CD-i is notorious for having egregiously terrible Zelda games, as well as having a polarizing Mario game. Big N has basically &#039;&#039;disowned&#039;&#039; their existence and considered it a blank space in their official history. Aggressively promoted and held on for multiple years with multiple different models (targeted at every customer from gamers to pharmaceutical companies), but couldn&#039;t compete with mainstream consoles and computers of the time.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.pong-story.com/spiel.htm Tele-Spiel]&lt;br /&gt;
|First&lt;br /&gt;
|1975&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Only sold in Europe, the Tele-Spiel console was released by Philips in 1975 and had hardware very similar to Odyssey&#039;s. It sold poorly and wasn&#039;t on the market for very long. Only 5 games were released.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Magnavox Odyssey² emulators#Philips Videopac+ G7400|Videopac+ G7400]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Philips_Videopac_Plus_TOSEC_2012_04_23 TOSEC]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Pioneer Corporation&lt;br /&gt;
|[[LaserActive]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PlayJam&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GameStick emulators|GameStick]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2013&lt;br /&gt;
|Microconsole&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Playtime Products&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Grandstand_(game_manufacturer)#Projector-based_&#039;Light&#039;_games|Projector Mega Video Game]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988&lt;br /&gt;
|Projector-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1988 by the Hong Kongese company Playtime Products, the Mega Video Game played Game &amp;amp; Watch style games and used a built-in projector as its display. Less then 15 games were released for the system. It was discontinued sometime between 1989 and 1990. How many units were sold is unknown.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Pokitto&lt;br /&gt;
|Pokitto&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2018&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|The Pokitto is a DIY handheld that aims to aid users into learning how to program games and create/build gadgets for it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
At Maker Faire Rome in 2016, prototypes of the Pokitto were available for hands on demonstrations. A Kickstarter campaign for the project was launched on April 28, 2017. The Pokitto was released around NY 2018. Pokitto Magazine Issue 1 was released in July 2019.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Publications International&lt;br /&gt;
|Story Reader Video +&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / eBook&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2006 by Publications International. The Video + turns the Story Reader electronic book into one of many educational consoles of the 2000s. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. Around 7 games were released for the system.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;R&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;R&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Radofin&lt;br /&gt;
|[[gametech:1292_Advanced_Programmable_Video_System|1292 Advanced Programmable&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; Video System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|RCA&lt;br /&gt;
|[[gametech:RCA_Studio_II|Studio II]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1977&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Romtec&lt;br /&gt;
||[[wikipedia:Romtec Colorvision|Colorvision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1984, the Colorvision was another cheaply made console released during the [[:wikipedia:Video game crash of 1983|video game crash]]. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. Only 5 games were released for it.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;S&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;S&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;13&amp;quot; |Sega&lt;br /&gt;
|[[32X]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Advanced Pico Beena]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Dreamcast emulators|Dreamcast]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Family Driver / Video Driver&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Sega also had a go with the VHS-based console market with the Family Driver/Video Driver from 1988, and unlike most of these type of consoles, this one did not play light-gun games but instead played driving games. Only three games were released for the system; it&#039;s unknown when Sega discontinued it.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Master System/Game Gear emulators|Game Gear]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Sega Genesis emulators|Genesis]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Master System/Game Gear emulators|Master System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1985&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nomad]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Sega Pico|Pico]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Sega_Pico_TOSEC_2012_04_13 TOSEC]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/download/No-Intro-Collection_2015-03-03 No-intro]&lt;br /&gt;
||Child&#039;s edutainment console released in 1993. Was actually fairly successful. Has good support in [[MAME]].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Sega Saturn emulators|Saturn]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Sega_Genesis_emulators#Sega_CD.2C_32X.2C_and_Sega_CD_32X|Sega CD]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[SG-1000 emulators|SG-1000]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[VMU emulators|VMU]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;  Peripheral / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Select Merchandise&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Video Challenger|Video Challenger]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/handheld/hh_cop400.cpp#L2837 *]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1987 by Select Merchandise and licensed to 4 companies in different regions, this VHS-based console only had around 8 games released for it, and like most systems of this type, it only played light-gun games. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |SNK Corporation&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Neo Geo and variants|Neo-Geo AES]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Neo Geo and variants|Neo-Geo CD]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Neo Geo Pocket emulators|Neo-Geo Pocket]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Neo Geo Pocket emulators|Neo-Geo Pocket Color]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; |Sony&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation emulators|PlayStation]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation 2 emulators|PlayStation 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2000&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation 3 emulators|PlayStation 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation 4 emulators|PlayStation 4]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2013&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation 5 emulators|PlayStation 5]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2020&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation Portable emulators|PlayStation Portable]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation Vita emulators|PlayStation Vita]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2011&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PocketStation emulators|PocketStation]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PSX]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Toio&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2019&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / Toy / Robot&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Soundic&lt;br /&gt;
|PC-50x Series&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1977&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Designed by Soundic and released by many different companies, the PC-50x is a series of consoles is similar to Telstar Arcade, these systems have no built-in CPU and use cartridges that have a [[POS_(Pong_consoles)_CPUs_and_other_chips#Pong_Consoles_.28Pong_In_A_Chip.29|POC]] inside. These systems were first released in 1977, with only around 8 games known to have been released in their lifetime.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20231002042335/http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=2&amp;amp;c=1294 SD-290]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by Soundic in 1983, the SD-290 was designed to undercut the competition, but its lack of compelling games and dated hardware drove customers away from it. Only 11 of the 16 games planned for the system were released. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. Furthermore, it&#039;s important to note that Soundic sold SD-290 motherboards to various companies to rebrand them as their own consoles. Excluding the original console, there were five versions of this system are known to have existed so far, these include:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Soundic Soundicvision SD-200&lt;br /&gt;
*Hanimex HMG-7900&lt;br /&gt;
*Rollet Video-Color&lt;br /&gt;
*JouéClub SD-290&lt;br /&gt;
*ITMC SD-290&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With the exception of the SD-200 (no one seems know where it was released), all of them were only released in France.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|SSD Company&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:XaviXPORT|XaviXPORT]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} [https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/xavix.cpp Preliminary]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A fitness-based system employing the usage of motion controls in an effort to get players off of the couch - beating Nintendo&#039;s [[Wii_emulators|Wii]] by more than 2 years! Each game cart came with a dedicated controller and an own CPU (not in the system, similarly to Super FX chips in some SNES carts or Sega Virtual Processor in Genesis&#039; Virtua Racing). The XaviXPORT was actually developed by eight of the engineers who worked on the original development of the [[Nintendo_Entertainment_System_emulators|NES]]. An upgraded version with a 16-bit &amp;quot;Super XaviX&amp;quot; CPU compared to the original 8-bit CPU came in 2005. Also of note is the fact that Jackie Chan partnered with SSD Company Limited in order to bring his likeness to the console, which resulted in two licensed games. [https://mamedev.emulab.it/haze David Haywood] is particularly working on reverse-engineering the XaviX technology for MAME.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Steepler&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo_Entertainment_System_emulators#Dendy|Dendy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1992&lt;br /&gt;
|Clone&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|[[FCEUX]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [[Mesen]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|The most well-known Famiclone, sold in Russia by Steepler, outselling the official PAL model NES (not officially imported at all). In technical details, it&#039;s basically the same as an NTSC-J Famicom running at 50Hz + SECAM colour mode, with the correct audio pitch (unlike the PAL NES which has a bunch of other changes to the CPU and PPU that break timing-sensitive games). [https://forums.nesdev.org/viewtopic.php?t=20931 This thread on nesdev] explains more.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The main reason to use this over NTSC would be if some pirate game targeted PAL Famiclones, other than that there&#039;s hardly much difference to it than running in NTSC unless you&#039;re nostalgic for the unoptimised slowed-down versions from pirate multicarts.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;T&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;T&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tapwave&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Tapwave_Zodiac|Zodiac]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A handheld released in 2003 that used an enhanced Palm OS. Ahead of its time, even receiving awards. However, the PSP and Nintendo DS killed it. {{YouTubeVideo|Mz3nNKQRnNQ|LGR Review}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Telegames &lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Dina_(video_game_console)|Dina]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1986&lt;br /&gt;
|Clone&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Hybrid / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid clone of both the [[SG-1000 emulators|SG-1000]] and [[ColecoVision emulators|ColecoVision]]. Sold by Telegames as the Telegames Personal Arcade, allegedly with permission from Coleco themselves. The console&#039;s build quality leaves a lot to be desired, not to mention that games for the aforementioned platforms can be played on most [[ColecoVision emulators]] anyway.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[The 3DO Company]]&lt;br /&gt;
|[[3DO emulators|3DO Interactive Multiplayer]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/3DO_2017_Reference_Set_Redump_Validated_ROMs Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|A 32-bit console first released on October 4, 1993. It failed to gain momentum in the fifth-generation market, and was discontinued in late 1996.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Tiger Electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|BattleVision&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|BattleVision is a VHS console released by Tiger Electronics in 1994.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game.com]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1997&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Giga Pets Explorer]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Handheld / Home / Toy&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[R-Zone]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tiger Electronics / Hasbro&lt;br /&gt;
|[[VideoNow XP]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tiger Telematics&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Gizmondo emulators|Gizmondo]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|TimeTop&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Gameking|GameKing]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|A rather strange attempt at making a Gameboy-esque handheld, manufactured and marketed by TimeTop (aka Guangzhou Daidaixing Tec. Electronics Co. Ltd.) in 2003. Strangely enough, this one&#039;s even more primitive than the Supervision, Gamate and Mega Duck consoles before it, as it uses a lower-resolution 64x32 screen, and it is despite companies such as Subor (i.e. that Chinese company who gained notoriety for developing an AMD-based gaming PC/console hybrid) releasing workalike clones of the [[Game Boy/Game Boy Color emulators|Game Boy]] and, more recently, GBA clones. MAME seems to emulate well all known carts.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|TinyCircuits&lt;br /&gt;
|Thumby&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2022&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|A teeny tiny, fully working handheld that also makes for a cute keychain. You&#039;re also able to program games for it, and it even has Link Cable style multiplayer support. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Tomy&lt;br /&gt;
|Data Battle Virtual Simulation&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Kiss-site&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1997&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A karaoke-based game console.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Pyuuta Jr.&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|This was the consolized version of the Tomy Tutor.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Toshiba&lt;br /&gt;
|Visicom COM-100&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Toymax&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://videogamekraken.com/arcadia-skeet-shoot-by-toymax Arcadia Skeet Shoot]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Projector-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in October of 1998 by Toymax (the makers of the Creepy Crawlers and My Pet Monster toys), this projector-based console, that only [http://kevinisblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/arcadia-electronic-skeet-shoot-game.html played light-gun games], had sold 435,000 units in the first 18 months before being recalled after reports of projectors overheating, melting, smoking and, in a few rare cases, causing burn injuries (faulty cartridges were to blame). After about three revisions, the system was discontinued sometime between 2000 and 2001, with only 5 out of the 9 games advertised known to have been released. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold once the console was relaunched after the recall.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;V&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|View-Master&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:View-Master_Interactive_Vision|Interactive Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|1988 edutainment VHS console that used two audio tracks on each tape, with the player choosing one of two options on the screen, to create interactivity. Also had short mini-game segments with ColecoVision-like graphics. Unlike the other VHS systems, the games were actually decent. No known emulators. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|VM Labs&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nuon emulators|Nuon]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2000&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / DVD-player&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;12&amp;quot; |VTech&lt;br /&gt;
|[[CreatiVision]]&amp;lt;ref group=c&amp;gt;CreatiVision clones and variants:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;max-width:100%; overflow:auto;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&lt;br /&gt;
|+  {{Gray|align=left}}&lt;br /&gt;
!Name&lt;br /&gt;
!Country&lt;br /&gt;
!Hardware&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Category&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dick Smith Wizzard &lt;br /&gt;
|Australia / New Zealand&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Educat 2002 &lt;br /&gt;
|Israel&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FunVision Computer Video Games System &lt;br /&gt;
|Oceania&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Hanimex Rameses &lt;br /&gt;
|Oceania&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Laser 2001&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Computer&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Salora Manager &lt;br /&gt;
|Finland&lt;br /&gt;
|Computer&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|VZ 2000 &lt;br /&gt;
|Oceania&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / Computer&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
||This [[:wikipedia:VTech CreatiVision|hybrid computer and console]] were [https://computer.wikia.com/wiki/VTech_CreatiVision distributed to many different countries around the world and some variants were rebadged units with different names]. [http://www.madrigaldesign.it/creativemu/emulators.php Emulators list].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Gamate 3D]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[InnoTab]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2011&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://myrient.erista.me/files/MAME/Software%20List%20ROMs%20%28split%29/vtech_innotab_cart/ Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[InnoTV]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://myrient.erista.me/files/MAME/Software%20List%20ROMs%20%28split%29/vtech_innotv_cart/ Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[MobiGo]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nitro Vision&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[ProScreen]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Socrates]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/socrates_library Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|Old edutainment console released in 1988. It featured a robot-type character called Socrates and had wireless infrared controllers. The same company would later release the V.Smile and V.Flash systems many years later. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[V.Flash emulators|V.Flash]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;(V.Smile Pro)&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/VTech_V.Flash_V.Smile_Pro_-_Redump.org_Rom_Set Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2006, the V.Flash was a spin-off console to the V.Smile Series created by VTech. Like the V.Smile, it was an educational console for children of ages around 6 to 9, but, unlike the V.Smile that used ROM cartridges, the V.Flash used CD-ROM. It also had 3D based graphics rather than 2D on the V.Smile. It had around 10 games, with most of them being licensed children IPs such as Disney. It was discontinued a year after its release. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[V.Reader|V.Reader]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://myrient.erista.me/files/MAME/Software%20List%20ROMs%20%28split%29/vtech_storio_cart/ Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[V.Smile emulators|V.Smile]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/VTechV.Smile Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|V.Smile is an educational game console by VTech. It derived from Sunplus&#039; 16-bit SPG-series CPU architecture, which had similar peers including most [http://pnp-info.angelfire.com/ Jakks Pacific TV games] and Vii. The XaviXPORT was similar but had its own custom XaviX CPUs. Several variants of the V.Smile console are sold, including handheld versions or models with added functionality, such as touch tablet, integrated controllers, microphones or motion-sensitive controllers. 69 unique V.Smile games are known to have been released. Since [https://twitter.com/TheMogMiner/status/1282712009142829059 July 2020], every dumped V-Tech V. Smile Motion game now runs in MAME. So, too, do all V. Smile games that use a standard controller, apart from one bad dump (Italian version of Toy Story 3) (Same month Nintendo&#039;s [[Game &amp;amp; Watch]] titles were fully compatible for v0.223).&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Variety]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;W&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;W&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Watara&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Supervision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1992&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Welback Holdings&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Mega Duck]] / Cougar Boy&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Wenquxing&lt;br /&gt;
|Electronic Dictionaries&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 199?&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/hackwaly/jswqx Jswqx (web-based emulator)]&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/hackwaly/jswqx/tree/master/rom Yes] &amp;lt;ref group=N&amp;gt;Currently, only the NC1020 model has been dumped&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|First Released in China in around the late 90s to early 2000s, these devices were designed to be electronic dictionaries, but thanks to their unparalleled extensibility such as built-in BASIC runtime and abilities to run third-party assembly programs, their intended purpose soon fell to the wayside when Hobbyist programmers started to make games for them. These devices from Wenquxing now play a big role in Chinese portable gaming. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Worlds of Wonder&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Action Max]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20150512114240/http://www.singeengine.com/cms/node/6 SINGE]&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS tape console released in 1987 by Worlds of Wonder. It relied on light gun and score counter for all of its 5 games, which could not really be lost. There&#039;s an add-on for the multi-[[Arcade LaserDisc emulators|arcade LaserDisc emulator]] [[DAPHNE]] called SINGE, which can possibly emulate the console. We&#039;re in murky waters here, so run this at your own risk {{YouTubeVideo|mj498-wkOz4|Cinemassacre Demonstration}}&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;X&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;Z&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;Z&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|ZAPiT Games&lt;br /&gt;
|Game Wave&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/ZAPiT_GameWave_Redump_2017-12-23 Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|A console released in 2005 by ZAPiT Games. The development of the Game Wave started in 2004, around the same time as the Nintendo Wii did, and the console was doomed to obscurity thanks to bad timing and a poor library of games that mainly consisted of trivia games and clones of popular game franchises (Gemz = Bejeweled, VeggieTales = Mario Party)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Zeebo Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Zeebo]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Miscellaneous=&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot; wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:right;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable sortable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:10%&amp;quot; |Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:10.4%&amp;quot; |Manufacturer/Developer&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Generation&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:5%&amp;quot; |Year&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:6.7%&amp;quot;|Console Type&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:5.7%&amp;quot;|[[MAME]] support&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:5%&amp;quot; |ROMs /&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; No-Intro &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; collection &lt;br /&gt;
! class=&amp;quot;unsortable&amp;quot;|Description and other emulators&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Android_emulators#Android_consoles|Android consoles]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Consoles that run on Android as their operating system. Most of them only run cellphone games and emulators, but some of them have their own unique games or heavy-hitting titles ported from other platforms.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GameTank]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Clydeware&lt;br /&gt;
|Unreleased&lt;br /&gt;
|TBA&lt;br /&gt;
|Home &lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[POS (Pong Consoles) CPUs and Other Chips#Pong_Consoles_.28Pong_In_A_Chip.29|Pong Consoles]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|First&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Consoles that run on Android as their operating system. Most of them only run cellphone games and emulators, but some of them have their own unique games or heavy-hitting titles ported from other platforms.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Smart TV Consoles&lt;br /&gt;
|Clementoni&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|2010s&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Launched sometime in the early 2010s by Italian toy company, Clementoni seemingly as a partnership with Hong Kongese toy company, WinFun, Smart TV is series of educational consoles mainly sold in Italy ([http://eshop.digitalelectronic.it/CONSOLE-CLEMENTONI-12303-SAPIENTINO-PLUS-SMART-TV Example]). The controllers of these consoles ranged from traditional to the gimmicky with some having motion and PS2 EyeToy-like controls. There is around 10 to 25 games that were released for these European systems. It&#039;s unknown how many units have sold been or when this line of systems was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Unreleased consoles]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} Various&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
{{NEL}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Encyclopedia=&lt;br /&gt;
* [[wikipedia:List of first generation home video game consoles|List of first generation home video game consoles]] (Amazingly exhaustive wiki list. 888 listed consoles, but over 900 existed.)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[wikipedia:First generation of video game consoles|First generation of video game consoles]] (Wikipedia page. History and major competitors plus a small sector on handheld systems.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=External Links=&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://gamebroscentral.com/first-generation/ 1972-1977: The Home Gaming Revolution] at Game Bros Central ([https://web.archive.org/web/20200722010641/https://gamebroscentral.com/first-generation/ Web Archive] on July 22, 2020. Brief history of 7 major companies behind the first generation, plus a small list of other first-gen home consoles)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=References=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=N /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Clones and Variants==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=c /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Further info:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/sysset.php www.progettoemma.net&#039;s Systems list] (ProjectMESS&#039; list of computer &amp;amp; console systems &amp;amp; their overall emulation status in MAME/MESS)&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/lsset.php www.progettoemma.net&#039;s Software list] (ProjectMESS&#039; list of computer &amp;amp; console systems &amp;amp; their emulation levels of all games in MAME/MESS)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Consoles| ]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Various video game console-generations]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Various emulation]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Harimepuffle</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=144411</id>
		<title>Flash</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=Flash&amp;diff=144411"/>
		<updated>2026-06-10T19:06:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Harimepuffle: /* Implementations */ Added FlashNX to the list.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox console&lt;br /&gt;
|title=Adobe Flash&lt;br /&gt;
|logo=Adobe_Flash_Logo.png&lt;br /&gt;
|logowidth=160&lt;br /&gt;
|developer=Adobe&lt;br /&gt;
|release=1996&lt;br /&gt;
|discontinued=2020&lt;br /&gt;
|emulated = {{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Flash&#039;&#039;&#039; (previously &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039;utureSp&#039;&#039;&#039;lash&#039;&#039;&#039; Animator, before that SmartSketch) is a software platform created by FutureWave Software and is currently owned by Adobe (formerly Macromedia). Originally a drawing program for PenPoint OS, later ported to Windows and Macintosh when pen computing failed to take off, frame-by-frame animation features were added to it in a new program called FutureSplash Animator. The company was acquired by Macromedia in December 1996, rebranding FutureSplash Animator to Flash, an amalgamation of &amp;quot;Future&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Splash&amp;quot;. In turn, Macromedia was acquired by Adobe on December 3, 2005. Their operations, networks, and customer care organizations were merged shortly after.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Used by an overwhelming majority of websites between the early 2000s and the mid 2010s, Flash was very much the go-to platform for online cartoons and games, being especially popular for various entertainment sites and children&#039;s sites due to its rich content, and has spawned its own subculture of animators and game developers as exemplified by the likes of Newgrounds. SWF elements also proved to be a crucial tool for many multimedia hosting sites so that they could actually play audio/video inside a browser, given the lack of viable alternatives in the pre-HTML5 days. However, around the start of 2010 YouTube started pushing really hard for HTML5 media elements, which have since become a standard feature in modern browsers and single-handedly made Flash Player obsolete for multimedia playback.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In fact, Flash&#039;s popularity as a whole started declining steeply in the mid-to-late 2010s due to the rise of alternative (and open) web standards such as HTML5 and mobile device manufacturers dropping support for the platform, a prominent example being Apple, who publicly stated that iOS would &#039;&#039;never&#039;&#039; support Flash. Google followed suit when it dropped support for the platform in new releases of Android, and it didn&#039;t help that a series of security issues, coupled with Flash itself being a closed standard, led Adobe to wind down on Flash and retire the official player in 2020. The Flash authoring toolkit, since renamed Adobe Animate, is still actively supported and has undergone a total market shift towards animators; a number of popular cartoon series are already produced using Animate, most notably &#039;&#039;My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;Phineas and Ferb&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;Happy Tree Friends&#039;&#039;, to name a few.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Implementations==&lt;br /&gt;
; If you don&#039;t want to mess with these tools, just use [[Flashpoint]] - preservation effort for games and animations designed in commercial web frameworks (not just Flash).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;overflow-x:auto;width:100%&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:center;width:100%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Name&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Platform(s)&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Latest version&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#ScaleForm GFx|ScaleForm GFx]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[#Adobe AIR|Adobe AIR]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Licensing|License]]&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Active&lt;br /&gt;
!scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|[[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Desktop &amp;amp; NPAPI &amp;amp; Web&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin&amp;gt;Web version requires a browser that supports NPAPI.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20220331041116/https://www.adobe.com/support/flashplayer/debug_downloads.html 32.0.0.465]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform&amp;gt;Requires the third-party software component to access it.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N&amp;gt;Adobe versions discontinued. Harman versions are currently maintained for enterprise customers only.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gitlab.com/cleanflash/installer Clean Flash Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds 34.0.0.376] (Windows, Mac)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;[https://github.com/darktohka/clean-flash-builds/releases/tag/v1.7 34.0.0.137] (Linux)&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} &amp;lt;ref group=N name=scaleform/&amp;gt; ||{{✗}}||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|LiA|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://ruffle.rs/ {{RuffleVer}}]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://ruffle.rs/downloads Nightly builds]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://lightspark.github.io/ Lightspark]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|W7|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/releases {{LightsparkVer}}]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} [https://github.com/lightspark/lightspark/blob/master/src/main.cpp#L451 *]||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv3}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{License|GPLv3}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://awayfl.org/ AwayFL]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/awayfl/awayfl-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://vidkidz.github.io WAFlash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Na}}&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://swf2js.com/en/ swf2js]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/swf2js/swf2js 0.7.8]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Moco&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/naomiEve/Moco git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://gnu.org/software/gnash GNU Gnash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/download.html 0.8.10]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|GPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://tulrich.com/textweb.pl?path=geekstuff/gameswf.txt GameSWF]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows7|macOS|Linux}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://sourceforge.net/projects/tu-testbed/files/demos/gameswf-2009-08-08/ 2009-08-08]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|PD}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/wiki swfdec]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Linux|Web}}&amp;lt;ref group=N name=plugin/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113151/http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/download/swfdec/0.8/swfdec-0.8.4.tar.gz 0.8.4]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|LGPLv21}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/ CheerpX for Flash]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://docs.leaningtech.com/cheerpx-for-flash/Changelog Version 35]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://open-flash.github.io/ Open Flash / Doμ Player]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/open-flash/domu-player git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{Green}} {{License|AGPLv3}} ({{License|Copyleft}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/mozilla/shumway git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{✗}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Apache2}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Mobile&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ruffle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle-android git]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|Dual}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ({{License|MIT}} or {{License|Apache2}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Reflash&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kyun.flashgame 2.4.1]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.adobe.flashplayer 11.1.115.81]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|WinMobile}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.adobe.com/mena_en/products/flashplayer_pocketpc/downloads/player.html 7]&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Flash Lite and Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Symbian|WinMobile|BlackBerry|iOS|Bada|Android}}{{Icon|Wii}}, Chumby, Iriver&lt;br /&gt;
|App Store and Built-in&lt;br /&gt;
| || ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot;|Consoles&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FGP3&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PS3}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/DropSonic0/Flash-Player-PS3-Store 1.06]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Green}} {{License|Unlicense}} ({{License|PDEQ}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PSP Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|PSP}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/swfplayerv13.7z v13]&lt;br /&gt;
|? ||? ||{{Red}} {{License|Proprietary}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FlashNX&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(ruffle)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|align=left|{{Icon|Switch}}&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/Jonathan8520/FlashNX v1.1.1]&lt;br /&gt;
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{Green}} {{License|MIT}} ({{License|Permissive}}) ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (WIP)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=N /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Comparisons===&lt;br /&gt;
====Hybrid====&lt;br /&gt;
;[[Ruffle]] &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://ruffle.rs/demo/ web demo]) ([https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle/issues/310 avm1 compatibility]) ([https://ruffle.rs/avm2.html avm2 compatibility])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:A Rust-based player that targets both HTML5 and desktop. Ruffle has been able to run many early Flash games since 2021, and the main development focus is now on support for newer AVM2-based files, although there are still significant compatibility gaps as of {{CURRENTYEAR}}. Unlike the other HTML5 options, Ruffle can be installed as a WebExtension in browsers that support it, with the caveat that a website&#039;s hosted copy will sometimes override the extension even if the site is running an older build.&lt;br /&gt;
:Ruffle has become hugely popular as an alternative SWF player, being notably used by a bunch of veteran Flash content sites including [https://www.newgrounds.com Newgrounds], [https://homestarrunner.com Homestar Runner], and also by the Internet Archive&#039;s [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash Flash library]. It&#039;s also the most actively developed and the most comprehensive of the open-source players that are available today, so this is your next best option if you don&#039;t want to bother with Flash Player or anything that&#039;s been forked from it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Desktop / NPAPI====&lt;br /&gt;
[[wikipedia:NPAPI|NPAPI]]—in case you don&#039;t remember—is an obsolete browser plugin system designed to allow for interactive web-page elements beyond what early versions of HTML could do on their own. While there were a bunch of different in-browser software platforms co-existing in the earlier days of the internet, NPAPI effectively existed only for the sake of SWF players once the format became properly dominant and pushed everything else out of the in-browser ecosystem. With the shrinking relevance of SWF in the late 2010s, the plugin system that the players relied on was increasingly seen as an ancient relic that modern browsers would be better off without, and so NPAPI started being phased out by all the major browser vendors in late 2020 (around the same time that Adobe was preparing to drop Flash Player itself). NPAPI hasn&#039;t entirely gone away though, as some indie browser devs still maintain it in their own forks of Firefox and Chromium and such.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
:The proprietary reference player, which Adobe stopped directly supporting at the end of 2020 and has since fully delisted from their website. The plugin version has a built-in kill-switch that was flipped in January 2021, so it&#039;s probably not much use even in browsers that still support NPAPI, but the desktop player version is still usable if you download it from an archived version of the Adobe website. It&#039;s also worth noting that the player hasn&#039;t been completely discontinued: Harman International continues to maintain [https://airsdk.harman.com/flashplayer an extended support version] intended for enterprise users; and there&#039;s also a consumer-level Chinese version which is actively developed by Zhongcheng, although you shouldn&#039;t get it from their official site (Flash [dot] cn) because it&#039;ll be full of bundled malware.&lt;br /&gt;
:Despite the hard discontinuation and a lack of support for user-friendly features such as URL spoofing, Adobe&#039;s Flash Player still remains the most widely-compatible desktop player for Flash games as of 2023, which is why the [[Flashpoint]] preservation project still relies on Flash Player to run its SWF games.&lt;br /&gt;
:;Clean Flash Player&lt;br /&gt;
::An unofficial effort that takes the still-active Zhongcheng version of Flash Player and repacks it minus as much malware as the Clean Flash project can remove. This might be the better option if you&#039;re looking for an NPAPI player specifically.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Lightspark&lt;br /&gt;
:A C++ player designed to provide drop-in Free and Open-Source replacements for both the desktop and NPAPI versions of Flash Player. It claims to have 88% of the overall SWF spec covered as of {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}, but development has been slow ever since it became a mostly one-person effort circa 2015. Lightspark historically focused on more recent versions of the SWF spec that weren&#039;t supported by Gnash, hence why Lightspark could (and still can) use Gnash as an automatic fallback if both are installed simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GNU Gnash&lt;br /&gt;
:A desktop-only C++ player that went inactive in 2017, with the most recent stable release dating back to 2012. Probably not much reason to use it over newer versions of Lightspark, which seem to have mostly (if not entirely) superseded Gnash for compatibility.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;GameSWF &amp;amp; swfdec&lt;br /&gt;
:Two very early efforts to create non-proprietary replacements for the desktop Flash Player, both inactive since 2009 and very much obsolete nowadays. Gnash began as a fork of GameSWF.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====HTML5====&lt;br /&gt;
Pretty much all of the players listed here are specifically designed to be used as [[wikipedia:Polyfill (programming)|polyfills]] by webmasters who want to keep their Flash-based sites going despite the forced obsolescence of Adobe&#039;s in-browser Flash plugin. They are, therefore, largely not intended for personal use, although it&#039;s usually not impossible and some of them even have official demo pages that you can use to load whatever SWF file you want.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;CheerpX for Flash&lt;br /&gt;
:A proprietary software package designed to make the Harman version of Flash Player usable in modern browsers by running it inside CheerpX, a payware x86 emulator in WebAssembly. No one on this wiki has had the chance to properly evaluate it, but we&#039;d expect reference-level accuracy at the cost of woeful performance. That being said, CheerpX can also function as a streaming client to a bundled server app that does the emulation and processing work instead.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;AwayFL &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://exponenta.games/games/AFL/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:Developed by the Away Foundation, this is arguably the most direct alternative to Ruffle, although it has fallen behind in terms of compatibility. Used by [https://www.coolmathgames.com CoolMathGames] for their old Flash games.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;WAFlash &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;([https://clubpenguinadvanced.github.io/waflash-demo/ web demo])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An inactive, closed-source C++-to-WebAssembly player that technically hasn&#039;t been made available to outside users, although there are a few sites where you can use it. It was considered the most accurate of the unofficial Flash players as of late 2021, although other still-active projects have caught up significantly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;swf2js &amp;lt;small class=&amp;quot;plainlinks&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-weight:normal;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;(web demos: [https://swf2js.com/free/index.html free], [https://swf2js.com/prod/index.html production])&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:An open-core player that uses a dynamic recompiler. The source-available &amp;quot;Free&amp;quot; version supports limited features, such as AS1, AS2 and ZLIB compression. In contrast, the payware &amp;quot;Production&amp;quot; version is better suited to newer Flash files using AS3 and LZMA compression features. Built on more traditional JavaScript code, so it pretty much always performs worse than any of the WebAssembly players, sometimes noticeably so.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Shumway&lt;br /&gt;
:A relatively early HTML5 player, actively developed under Mozilla sponsorship between 2012 and 2016 but then abandoned before reaching a usable beta state.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Peripherals==&lt;br /&gt;
===ScaleForm GFx===&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx is a discontinued game development middleware package, a vector graphics rendering engine used to display Adobe Flash-based user interfaces and HUDs for video games. In March 2011, Autodesk acquired Scaleform Corporation and Scaleform GFx became part of the Autodesk Gameware line of middleware. On July 12, 2018, Autodesk discontinued Scaleform GFx, and it is no longer available for purchase.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Authors created user interfaces using Adobe Flash authoring tools, such as Adobe Animate (formerly Adobe Flash Professional); the resulting SWF files were used directly by the GFx libraries, providing similar functionality to the Adobe Flash Player but optimized for use within game engines.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Scaleform GFx supported all major platforms, including game consoles, mobile and PC operating systems. Scaleform provides APIs for direct communication between Flash content and the game engine, and pre-built integrations for popular engines such as Unity, Unreal Engine, and CryENGINE. Scaleform GFx could also be licensed for use as a standalone Flash runtime system on mobile platforms, competing with Adobe AIR.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Adobe AIR===&lt;br /&gt;
Adobe AIR (also known as Adobe Integrated Runtime and codenamed Apollo) is a cross-platform runtime system currently developed by Harman International, in collaboration with Adobe Inc., for building desktop  and mobile applications, programmed using Adobe Animate, ActionScript, and optionally Apache Flex. It was originally released in 2008. The runtime supports installable applications on Windows, macOS, and mobile operating systems, including Android, iOS, and BlackBerry Tablet OS.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
AIR is a runtime environment that allows Adobe Animate content and ActionScript 3.0 coders to construct applications and video games that run as a stand-alone executable and behave similarly to a native application on supported platforms. An HTML5 application used in a browser does not require installation, while AIR applications require installation from an installer file (Windows and macOS) or the appropriate App Store (iOS and Android). AIR applications have unrestricted access to local storage and file systems, while browser-based applications only have access to individual files selected by users.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_flash?tab=collection Archive.org-Software Library: Flash] - Internet Archive&#039;s Flash Games Software Library is abundant with options for any level of computer gaming. With an in-site emulator ready to run thousands of games in the Software Library, the Internet Archive can turn your computer into a mini arcade at the click of a button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Resources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://nosamu.medium.com/flash-player-emulators-how-to-play-swfs-in-2021-and-beyond-d56c3899b7e6 Article by nosamu (of Flashpoint): Flash Player Emulators: How to Play SWF Files in 2021 and Beyond]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://huwdp.github.io/Flash-Matrix/ Huw Pritchard&#039;s Flash Matrix] ([https://github.com/huwdp/Flash-Matrix source repo]) &amp;amp;mdash; an effort to calculate AVM2/AS3 support across multiple Flash players&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Not really emulators]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Harimepuffle</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=List_of_consoles&amp;diff=144410</id>
		<title>List of consoles</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=List_of_consoles&amp;diff=144410"/>
		<updated>2026-06-10T17:57:01Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Harimepuffle: Fixed typo in the Coleco Telstar Arcade description.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Consoles}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Placeholder Section}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{WIP}}&lt;br /&gt;
A &#039;&#039;&#039;console&#039;&#039;&#039; is an electronic device that outputs a video signal or image to display a video game that can typically be played with a game controller. These may be home consoles, which are generally placed in a permanent location connected to a television or other display devices and controlled with a separate game controller, or handheld consoles, which include their own display unit and controller functions built into the unit and which can be played anywhere. Hybrid consoles combine elements of both home and handheld consoles. Lets see how want it for this much consoles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Consoles=&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot; wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:right;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable sortable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:10%&amp;quot; |Manufacturer /&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Developer&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:11.7%&amp;quot; |Console&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:1%&amp;quot; |Generation&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:6.8%&amp;quot; |Year&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:8.7%&amp;quot;|Console Type&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:1%&amp;quot;|[[MAME]] support&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:1%&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;unsortable&amp;quot;|Emulators&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:1%&amp;quot; |ROMs /&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; No-Intro  collection &lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:31%&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;unsortable&amp;quot;|Description and  information on non-mame emulation&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;#&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;#&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|3-Plus&lt;br /&gt;
|DVD-Kids&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|DVD-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by the 3-Plus circa 2005. DVD-Kids is a rare Icelandic console that plugged into your DVD Player. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold, how many game were made for it or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;A&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;A&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Active Cues / Tover &lt;br /&gt;
|Tovertafel&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Projector-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Therapeutic / Medical &lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Amstrad&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Amstrad_CPC_emulators#GX4000|GX4000]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|APF Electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|MP1000 / M-1000&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Apple&lt;br /&gt;
|[[iPod Classic emulators|iPod Classic]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2006 (iPod Games)&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Aquaplus&lt;br /&gt;
|[[P/ECE emulators|P/ECE]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot; |Atari&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari 2600 emulators|2600 / VCS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second &lt;br /&gt;
|1977&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/atari_2600_library Yes] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [http://www.atarimania.com/rom_collection_archive_atari_2600_roms.html ROMs]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari 5200 emulators|5200]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second &lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/atari_5200_library Yes] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [https://archive.org/details/Atari5200_201602 No-intro]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari 7800 emulators|7800]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third &lt;br /&gt;
|1986&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari Jaguar emulators|Jaguar]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari_Jaguar_emulators#Atari_Jaguar_CD|Jaguar CD]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari Lynx emulators|Lynx]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari VCS|VCS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2021&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Atari_8-bit_emulators#Atari_XEGS|XEGS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;B&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;B&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Baiyi Animation&lt;br /&gt;
|C2: Color &amp;amp; Card&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2015 in China by Baiyi Animation, the extremely rare C2 was made to bank on Roco Kingdom films&#039; popularity but ultimately it ended up a flop. Only 6 games were made for it, and it was discontinued shortly after being released.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bally&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Astrocade]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://ia803208.us.archive.org/view_archive.php?archive=/22/items/Bally_Professional_Arcade_and_Astrocade_TOSEC_2012_04_23/Bally_Professional_Arcade_and_Astrocade_TOSEC_2012_04_23.zip TOSEC]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/bally_astrocade_library Roms]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; |Bandai&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Design Master Senshi Mangajukuu]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.gamingalexandria.com/wp/2020/08/04/bandai-design-master-denshi-mangajuku-complete-game-library-dumps-scans/ Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in Japan by Bandai in 1995, the Denshi Manga Juku was the first touchscreen-based console ever and the predecessor to the [[WonderSwan emulators|WonderSwan]]. It was discontinued in 1996, and only four games were released for it (including, of all things, an exclusive Rockman aka Mega Man game with 9 cartridges having been produced, though only 8 were sent to retailers).&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Digi Casse]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Playdia]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/BandaiPlaydia_Redump.org_2018-01-22 Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|A disc-based system released in Japan by Bandai in 1994. Notably, it had a wireless controller and all of its titles were interactive movies like Dragon&#039;s Lair. No known emulators.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Super Vision 8000]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1979&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Terebikko|Terebikko \ Video Phone]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988 (JP) &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; 1989 (US)&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|The Terebikko is a VHS-Based edutainment console released in Japan by Bandai in 1988 and in the US by Mattel in 1989, The Japanese version had less then 10 games made for it, but most of them are based on high profile properties such as Super Mario, Sailor Moon, Doraemon and Dragon Ball Z, Meanwhile, Only 2 games are known to have been released for the US version, both were discontinued in 1994, and it&#039;s unknown how many units were sold. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[WonderSwan emulators|WonderSwan]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bandai / [[Apple Inc.|Apple]]&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Apple Pippin|Pippin]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1996&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|BBC Enterprises&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:BBC_Bridge_Companion|Bridge Companion]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1985&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=bbcbc Good]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|An 8-bit console made exclusively for teaching people how to play bridge.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|BBK Electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|Electronic Dictionaries &lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 198?&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Like the devices released by Wenquxing, the BBK is a long line of electronic dictionaries that became a mainstay in Chinese portable gaming.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bit Corporation &lt;br /&gt;
|[[Gamate]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Blaze Entertainment&lt;br /&gt;
|Evercade&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2020&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Evercade EXP&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2022&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Evercade VS&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2021&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Brainchild&lt;br /&gt;
|PLS-1000&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;1994&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20041204044007/http://www.brainchild.com/handhelds.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld &lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20051123065906/http://www.brainchild.com/handhelds.asp Study Buddy]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld &lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bright Things&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://videogamekraken.com/bubble-by-bright-things-plc Bubble]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|DVD-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;C&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;C&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cadaco Toys&lt;br /&gt;
|Buzztime Home Trivia System&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2004, the system is the result of a partnership between Cadaco Toys and NTN Network (now known as [[wikipedia:NTN Buzztime|NTN Buzztime]] since 2006); and, as the name implies, the console was designed around playing trivia with family and friends. The console runs on [https://twitter.com/MameHaze/status/1221263600398094337 Elan Hardware]. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Capcom&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CP_System#Capcom_Power_System_Changer|Power System Changer]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A console version of the Capcom CPS arcade board. Compatible with SNES controllers.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Casio&lt;br /&gt;
|Loopy&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/download/No-Intro-Collection_2016-01-03 No-intro]&lt;br /&gt;
|A Japan-only game console designed for girls focused on printing stickers. A &#039;&#039;&#039;Magical Shop&#039;&#039;&#039; add-on allowed for the printing of any screenshot, not just Loopy games. Only 11 games were released. An emulator called [https://github.com/PSI-Rockin/LoopyMSE LoopyMSE] was released in 2024 and it seems to run the whole library without much problem. Additionally, there&#039;s a frontend called [https://madsonweb.itch.io/cassio-loopy-emulator-zrupi zRupi] that makes things more easier. An [https://github.com/partlyhuman/puppy-love-story/ english translation] for the game [https://vndb.org/v53831 Wanwan Aijou Monogatari] was released in 2025. See {{YouTubeVideo|zaW6EB1poxM|a demonstration}} and {{YouTubeVideo|PNWGVtwTkiM|an overview}}.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PV-1000&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Coleco&lt;br /&gt;
|[[ColecoVision emulators|ColecoVision]]&amp;lt;ref group=c &amp;gt;ColecoVision Clones:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;max-width:100%; overflow:auto;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&lt;br /&gt;
|+  {{Gray|align=left}}&lt;br /&gt;
!Name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Spectravideo SVI-603 Coleco Game Adapter (for hooking up to the [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/results_sys.php?publisher=Spectravideo SVI-318 or SVI-328] computers)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bit Corporation&#039;s [[wikipedia:Dina (video game console)|Dina]] (AKA &amp;quot;Chuang Zao Zhe 50&amp;quot;, Taiwan, 1986)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Telegames#Telegames_Personal_Arcade|Telegames&#039; The Personal Arcade]] (clone of [https://segaretro.org/Dina_2_in_one Dina 2 in 1], 1988)&lt;br /&gt;
|}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [https://archive.org/details/ColecoColecoVision_201602 No-intro]&lt;br /&gt;
|Coleco marketed different add-ons for their console, with one of them being the fast-selling Atari VCS adapter which enables the ColecoVision to play Atari cartridges. Atari sued them, but lost the case. The ColecoVision was sold as NTSC and PAL variants in different regions.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Telstar Arcade&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1977&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1977, Coleco&#039;s first attempt at making a video game console was an odd one, a triangle console with triangle cartridges, and each side of system had a different controller type. The console itself does not have a CPU built-in; instead, each cartridge contained a custom chip based on the [[POS_(Pong_consoles)_CPUs_and_other_chips#Pong_Consoles_.28Pong_In_A_Chip.29|Mostek MPS-7600 POC series.]] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. Only four games were released for the system.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Commodore&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Amiga_Line#Amiga CD32|Amiga CD32]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Amiga_CD32_TOSEC_2009_04_18 TOSEC] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [https://archive.org/details/RedumpAmigaCD32 Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|An ill-fated console version of the Amiga 1200. Its failure led to the bankruptcy of Commodore shortly after the console was discontinued in only 8 months after its release. Can be emulated in [[WinUAE]] like other [[Amiga emulators|Amiga hardware]].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[AmigaOS_emulators#Commodore_CDTV|CDTV]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Amiga_CDTV_TOSEC_2009_04_18 TOSEC] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [https://archive.org/details/RedumpCommodoreAmigaCDTV Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|A console version of the Amiga 500.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Commodore_64_emulators#Commodore_64_Games_System|Commodore 64 Games System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|A hacked-up console version of the regular [[Commodore 64 emulators|Commodore 64]], released only in Europe. Failed hilariously due to its outdated tech (1984 hardware in 1990!), the fact that the normal Commodore 64 was already sufficient, and a bad case of the &#039;no games&#039;. It is supported in [[VICE]], a widely-used emulator for Commodore&#039;s 8-bit computers.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Connor Electronics &lt;br /&gt;
|[[ComputerSmarts]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / VHS-based&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Videosmarts]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1986&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released around 1986 by the Connor Toy Corporation, the Videosmarts is VHS edutainment console that was used to teach pre-school to second grade subjects. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cubios Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|Rubik&#039;s WOWCube&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2025&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Cybiko Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|Cybiko&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2000&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/download/TOSEC_V2017-04-23/Cybiko/ TOSEC]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cybiko Xtreme&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;D&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;D&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Daewoo Electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Zemmix|Zemmix Series]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1985 - 1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Korean system that was simply an MSX/MSX2 (depending on the model) in console form. Mostly just existed as a way to play MSX games. Though there were a few games made specifically for it, they were playable on the MSX as well. Any MSX emulator should work with those games. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dingoo Digital Technology&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Dingoo]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;E&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;E&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Eedoo&lt;br /&gt;
|CT510&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2012&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Taking heavy influenced by the Microsoft Kinect, the CT510 was made by a Chinese company for the Chinese video game market, and it&#039;s one of the rarest consoles ever; Chinese customers reported that on its launch day, they couldn&#039;t find anyone who knew about it, let alone had one in-stock, one article called it [https://web.archive.org/web/20230402205515/https://www.techinasia.com/eedoo-ct150-game-console-launch-china vaporware] on its launch day. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Elonex&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://videogamekraken.com/igame-family-by-elonex iGAME]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Emerson&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Emerson Arcadia 2001 emulators|Arcadia 2001]]&amp;lt;ref group=c&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Arcadia 2001 Clones and variants:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;max-width:100%; overflow:auto;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&lt;br /&gt;
|+  {{Gray|align=left}}&lt;br /&gt;
!Name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Advision Home Arcade&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Arcadia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cosmos&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dynavision&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Ekusera&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Hanimex MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|HMG-2650&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Home Arcade Centre&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Intelligent Game MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Intercord XL 2000 System&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Intervision 2001&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|ITMC MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Leisure-Vision&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Leonardo&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Ormatu 2001&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Palladium Video-Computer-Game&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Polybrain Video Computer Game&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Poppy MPT-03 Tele Computer Spiel&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Prestige Video Computer Game MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Robdajet MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Rowtron 2000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Schmid TVG-2000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Sheen Home Video Centre 2001&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Soundic MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tele Brain&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tele-Fever&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tempest MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tobby MPT-03&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Trakton Computer Video Game&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tryom Video Game Center&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tunix Home Arcade&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|UVI Compu-Game&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Video Master&lt;br /&gt;
|}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Emerson_Arcadia_2001_TOSEC_2012_04_23 TOSEC]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/emerson_arcadia_library ROMs]&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://adb.arcadeitalia.net/dettaglio_mame.php?game_name=arcadia&amp;amp;search_id= Over 50 games] made for it. The graphic quality is similar to that of the [[Intellivision emulators|Intellivision]] and the [[Magnavox Odyssey² emulators|Odyssey²]]. Sound is still imperfect in games.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Entex Industries &lt;br /&gt;
|[[gametech:Entex_Adventure_Vision|Adventure Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Select-A-Game&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1981&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Epoch&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Barcode Battler]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in Japan by Epoch in 1991 and internationally later in the same year. The console was basically a digital trading card game, whereas the player used Barcodes to get new characters, enemies and power-ups. Barcode cards were available in packs, and the player was even encouraged to use Barcodes found on everyday products around the house. The Barcode Battler was hugely popular in Japan but a major flop elsewhere. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or how many cards were officially released.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Cassette Vision emulators|Cassette Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1981&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Only 12 games exist for this console, and some have been dumped. Seanriddle has succeded to dump the graphic sprites of Kikori no Yosaku. Apparently, the BIOS for the console is inside each cart. Latest MAME forum [http://forums.bannister.org//ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&amp;amp;Number=102087&amp;amp;page=4 thread].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Game Pocket Computer&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Super Cassette Vision emulators|Super Cassette Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Excalibur Electronics &lt;br /&gt;
|Bible Challenge&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 200?&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released sometime in the early 2000s by Excalibur Electronics, Bible Challenge is a educational game handheld console made to teach kids the Bible. It was re-released as &amp;quot;Bible Quest&amp;quot; at some point but its unknown when this variant was released. Around five games were released for the system and it&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;F&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Fairchild&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Fairchild Channel F emulators|Channel F]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1976&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/FairchildChannelF No-intro]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/channelf_library Roms]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Fairchild Channel F emulators|Channel F II]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1980&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|N/A&lt;br /&gt;
|An update to the Channel F, with no known exclusive games.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; |Fisher-Price&lt;br /&gt;
|Interac TV &lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by Fisher-Price in 2006. The Interac TV was designed to turn any DVD Player into an educational console. Just sync the custom wireless controller to your DVD Player and put a game disk in. Unfortunately, incompatibility issues resulted in most customers being unable to sync the controller with their player, and some even said that their DVD player couldn&#039;t even read the disks. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[IXL]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by Fisher-Price in 2010 and discontinued in 2012, the iXL is a touchscreen-based console designed for kids 3 to 7 years of age; it&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or how many games were released for it. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Kasey the Kinderbot&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2002&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / Toy / Robot&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Pixter]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2000&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Pixter Color]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Pixter Multimedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Smart Cycle]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2007&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2007 by Fisher-Price, it&#039;s not to be confused with their later phone/tablet controller of the same name. The Smart Cycle is a hybrid between an exercise bike and a edutainment console. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Franklin&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Franklin Electronic Publishers|Bookman]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / eReader / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Franklin Electronic Publishers first released the Bookman in 1989. It was marketed as electronic book, never designed to be a video game system, yet the Bookman still has a place in video game history. The Bookman line of devices were originally sold in 1989 as &amp;quot;Electronic Bibles&amp;quot; that costed {{Inflation|USD|299.99|1989}} before expanding into electronic versions of non-religious books in the early 90s. All models have a cartridge slot for other books and games. They were all trivia or some other kind of word game. How many units were sold and the number of games that were released are unknown.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Fujitsu&lt;br /&gt;
|[[FM Towns emulators|FM Towns Marty]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Trurip&lt;br /&gt;
|An early fifth-generation console released by Fujitsu in 1993, which is basically a consolized [[FM Towns emulators|FM-Towns]] personal computer. Despite being claimed to be the first 32-bit CD-based home video game system, it failed due to its astronomical price. Another version called the {{YouTubeVideo|RQs7zyn4uVQ|Car Marty}} was also released, designed to be a GPS for automobiles. Preliminary MAME support for both.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Funsation&lt;br /&gt;
|Off-The-Wall Projector&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Projector-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1989 by the European company Funsation (the exact origin is unknown). This projector-based console somehow sold worse and is even rarer then the &amp;quot;Mega Video Game&amp;quot; (a similar console that also flopped). It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Funtech&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Super A&#039;Can]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;G&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;G&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Gakken&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia: Gakken Compact Vision TV Boy|Compact TV Boy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Gamepad Digital&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GPD XD/XD+]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |GamePark Holdings&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GP2X emulators|GP2X]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GP2X Wiz emulators|GP2X Wiz]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GP32 emulators|GP32]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Giochi Preziosi&lt;br /&gt;
|My Life&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2007&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;H&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;H&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Hartung&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game Master]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Hasbro&lt;br /&gt;
|[[ION]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in time for the 2005 Holiday season, the Ion is basically a PS2 Eye-Toy turned into an edutainment console for preschoolers. At the time, the Ion had been turning heads at toy fairs, hype had been building, and the console had been looking to be a real hit for Hasbro, but for whatever reason, the console flopped and disappeared into obscurity faster than the refunds could be made. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|HyperMegaTech!&lt;br /&gt;
|Super Pocket&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2023&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;I&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;I&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Innovations for Learning&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Teachermate]]&amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Teachermate Handheld Educational Computer&amp;quot;&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Interactive Learning Group&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://consollection.de/model/video-buddy Video Buddy]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in November of 1999 by the Interactive Learning Group, the Video Buddy is a VHS-based console designed for children aged 3 to 7 years old and had about 20 games released for it. A revision of the Video Buddy that used DVDs instead of VHSs was released in 2003, and while both versions had initially been successful, a crowded &amp;quot;children&amp;quot; console market led to its downfall. The other company that made the DVD-based console shut down in 2006. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Interton&lt;br /&gt;
|[[gametech:Interton_VC_4000|VC 4000]]&amp;lt;ref group=c&amp;gt;VC-4000 clones:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;max-width:100%; overflow:auto;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&lt;br /&gt;
|+  {{Gray|align=left}}&lt;br /&gt;
!Name&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Jeu Video TV&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Super Play Computer 4000&lt;br /&gt;
|}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;J&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;J&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|J.Cock&lt;br /&gt;
|Z400S&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 199?&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld / Business&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in Japan sometime in the 90s, the Z400S was made for gambling or prize winning games, not for the home console market. A business like a Bar or Hotel would lend it to a costumer, so they could play a casino-type game. It&#039;s speculated that it used PC Engine (TurboGrafx-16) hardware but nothing has been confirmed. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|JungleTac&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Sport Vii|Sport Vii]]/Vii/V-Sport&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2007&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|A rather poor excuse of a response to the [[Wii emulators|Wii]], made by JungleTac, KenSingTon, with a dozen or so manufacturers churning out shoddy variants of it. Emulators have recently been made for the platform, with several projects aiming to provide support for Sunplus&#039; rather oddball architecture, such as [https://web.archive.org/web/20150916124951/http://www.maxconsole.com/maxcon_forums/threads/280551-MuchimeX-v0-5-has-been-released! MuchimeX for the original Xbox], and [http://hackmii.com/2010/04/sunplus-the-biggest-chip-company-youve-never-heard-of/ Unununium], the latter being the basis for a [[MESS]] core. The same goes for VTech&#039;s [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=vsmile V.Smile], the [[wikipedia:Xavix|XaviXPORT]] and most [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=batmantv Jakks Pacific] TV games including those [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=walle Disney tie-in ones].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;K&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;K&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |K&#039;s Kids&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20170110002414/http://kmagic.kskids.com/ K-Magic]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by in 2010 by K&#039;s Kids for the &#039;0- to 6-year old children&#039; market, the K-Magic is an educational handheld console that used cartridges called &amp;quot;Magic Cards&amp;quot; and was overall designed to be as simple as possible. It was discontinued in 2018 with the release of the K-Magic 2. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it or how many units were sold.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20260216184758/https://www.kmagic2pro.kskids.com/ K-Magic 2]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2018&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2022 (Pro)&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2018 by K&#039;s Kids for the &#039;0- to 6-year old children&#039; market, the K-Magic 2 simplifies the original console by having everything already built-in and ready for parents and children to use. Because it&#039;s still being sold, when it will be discontinued and info on how many units have been sold has so far not been released to the public. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Kevin Bates&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Arduboy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Koei&lt;br /&gt;
|PasoGo&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1996&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|In 1996, Koei released a Game Boy competitor in Japan called the PasoGo. For some reason, Koei decided to market it as being designed specifically to play the traditional Asian board game, Go. The console flopped thanks to its high price tag of 39,800 Yen (about $600 when adjusted for inflation), the size of the device, and the fact that all six launch titles were slightly different versions of Go. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Konami&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Picno]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1992&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / Drawing Tablet&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in Japan by Konami in 1992, the extremely rare Picno is an odd hybrid of a video game console and a drawing tablet that used cartridges similar to [[wikipedia:HuCard|HuCard]] and reminds of [https://segaretro.org/Sega_Pico Sega Pico]. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold, when it was discontinued or how many games were released. [http://videogamesdensetsu.tumblr.com/post/142354502350/the-konami-picno-%E3%83%94%E3%82%AF%E3%83%8E-1992-a-drawing-tablet Software &amp;amp; sources lists].&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;L&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Landmark Entertainment&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Captain Power]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;11&amp;quot; |LeapFrog&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.toydirectory.com/monthly/new_product.asp?id=17781 Crammer Study &amp;amp; Sound System]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / Handheld &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; Media Player / Study Tool&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A hybrid system released in 2008 by LeapFrog that combines a Studying Tool, Portable Music Player, and a Handheld console into one device. It appears to be one of LeapFrog&#039;s least successful devices considering how obscure the Crammer is. How many units sold, number of games were released and when it was discontinued is unknown.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Didj emulators|Didj]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|iQuest &lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2002 &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; 2004 (v4.0)&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|An odd hybrid of an Educational Console and a basic PDA released by LeapFrog in 2002. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Leapster]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth &lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|The Leapster Learning Game System (Released in late 2003) is an educational handheld game console aimed at 4 to 10-year-olds (preschool to fourth grade), made by LeapFrog Enterprises. Its games teach the alphabet, phonics, basic arithmetical operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division), art, and animal facts to players. It featured a touchscreen and games from various licenses from Thomas &amp;amp; Friends to Sonic X. Its software seems to be based on Macromedia Flash. Oddly enough, its successors, i.e. the Didj, Leapster Explorer, and LeapPad series of tablets, which run on the Pollux and NXP3200 platforms (along with a customized Linux distribution), have decent homebrew scenes, including even some emulators.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Leapster|Leapster 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2008&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Leapster Explorer]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[LeapsterGS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2012&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|LeapTV&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2014&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Little Leaps Grow-with-Me Learning System&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Little Leaps&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Rockit Twist]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2019&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Zippity]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|LG&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20190920074903/https://liliputing.com/2012/11/lg-kids-pad-tablet-hits-south-korea-for-276.html Kids Pad]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2012&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2012 by LG, the Kids Pad was only sold in South Korea. It featured an app store and support for cartridges. How many units sold, number of games were released and when it was discontinued is unknown. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Lico&lt;br /&gt;
|[[CAI System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 199?&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A console released by Lico around the early to mid 90s, this Taiwan-only console is even rarer then the Super A&#039;Can. There is very little known about it other than that it seems to be an educational console and that it&#039;s not a famiclone. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold, when it was discontinued or how many games were released.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|LJN&lt;br /&gt;
|Video Art&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A notorious &amp;quot;educational&amp;quot; console made by LJN released in 1985. It was meant as a paint-type system that was meant to compete against television rather than mainstream consoles at the time. It flopped hard. See {{YouTubeVideo|neURIc_A3js|the commercial}} and {{YouTubeVideo|8-zEhhTqdvg|AVGN Review}}.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;M&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;M&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|M&amp;amp;D &lt;br /&gt;
|Monon Color&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2014&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Like the C2, the Monon Color from 2014 also tried to bank on Roco Kingdom films&#039; popularity and was only slightly more successful; it&#039;s unknown how many games (at least 15) were released for it or when it was discontinued. Preliminary support for it was added in MAME [https://www.reddit.com/r/emulation/comments/a9i37l/mame_0205/ 0.205] on [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MAME_0.205 December 2018], and promoted to working state in MAME [https://www.mamedev.org/?p=516#readmore 0.247] on 31 August 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Magnavox&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Magnavox Odyssey emulators|Odyssey]]&lt;br /&gt;
|First&lt;br /&gt;
|1972&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|N/A&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Magnavox Odyssey² emulators|Odyssey²]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Manley&lt;br /&gt;
|GoGo TV Video Vision&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released sometime between 2005 and 2006 by Manley, the GoGo is another EyeToy-turned-into-edutainment console, and like the Ion, it flopped and has since fallen into obscurity. It&#039;s unknown how many games were made for it, how many units sold or when it was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Mattel&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Intellivision_emulators#ECS|ECS]]&amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Entertainment Computer System&amp;quot;&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[HyperScan]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Intellivision emulators|Intellivision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1979&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Intellivision emulators|Intellivision II]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|An update to the Intellivision, with no known exclusive games.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Memorex&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Tandy_Video_Information_System|VIS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1992&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/MemorexVisualInformationSystem-Redump.org2019-05-27 Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|A beautiful monster sold only at RadioShack in the early 90s. Its software may be playable on Windows 3.x emulators, as the console&#039;s OS was an altered version of that.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Microsoft&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Xbox emulators|Xbox]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Xbox 360 emulators|Xbox 360]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Xbox One emulators|Xbox One]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2013&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Xbox Series X and Series S|Xbox Series X/S]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2020&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Milton Bradley &lt;br /&gt;
|[[MicroVision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1979&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[OMNI]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1980&lt;br /&gt;
|Luggable&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Milton Bradley / &amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;General Consumer Electronics&amp;quot;&amp;gt;GCE&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Vectrex emulators|Vectrex]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Luggable&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;N&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;N&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |NEC&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PC-FX emulators|PC-FX]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PC Engine (TurboGrafx-16) emulators|PC Engine / TurboGrafx-16]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PC Engine SuperGrafx emulators|PC Engine SuperGrafx]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nichibutsu&lt;br /&gt;
|[[My Vision emulators|My Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nikko&lt;br /&gt;
|DigiBlast&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;17&amp;quot; |Nintendo&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo 3DS emulators|3DS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2011&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo Entertainment System emulators|Famicom / NES]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo Entertainment System emulators|Famicom Disk System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1986&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game Boy (Color) emulators|Game Boy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game Boy Advance emulators|Game Boy Advance]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game Boy (Color) emulators|Game Boy Color]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo GameCube emulators|GameCube]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo 64 emulators|N64]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1996&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo_64_emulators#64DD_emulation|N64DD]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo DS emulators|NDS]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2009 (DSi)&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Pokémon mini emulators|Pokémon Mini]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2001&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/download/TOSEC_V2017-04-23/Nintendo/Pokemon%20Mini/ TOSEC]&lt;br /&gt;
|A very downgraded Game Boy (but also the tiniest cart-based handheld device made by Nintendo). It was first released in NA and then Japan in late 2001. Only Pokemon related games were released, and its library of games is also very limited. It&#039;s also very rare nowadays. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Super Nintendo Entertainment System emulators|Super Famicom / SNES]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo Switch emulators|Switch]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2017&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo Switch 2 emulators|Switch 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2025&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Virtual Boy emulators|Virtual Boy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Luggable&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Wii emulators|Wii]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Wii U emulators|Wii U]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2012&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nokia&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Symbian_emulators#N-Gage|N-Gage]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;O&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;O&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Ouya, Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ouya emulators|Ouya]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2013&lt;br /&gt;
|Microconsole&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;P&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;P&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Palmtex&lt;br /&gt;
|Super Micro / &amp;lt;abbr title=&amp;quot;Portable Videogame System&amp;quot;&amp;gt;PVS&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Panic Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Playdate]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2022&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Philips&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Philips CD-i emulators|CD-i]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/redumpPhilipsCdi Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|Thanks to working with Nintendo to develop a CD add-on for the SNES, the CD-i is notorious for having egregiously terrible Zelda games, as well as having a polarizing Mario game. Big N has basically &#039;&#039;disowned&#039;&#039; their existence and considered it a blank space in their official history. Aggressively promoted and held on for multiple years with multiple different models (targeted at every customer from gamers to pharmaceutical companies), but couldn&#039;t compete with mainstream consoles and computers of the time.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://www.pong-story.com/spiel.htm Tele-Spiel]&lt;br /&gt;
|First&lt;br /&gt;
|1975&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Only sold in Europe, the Tele-Spiel console was released by Philips in 1975 and had hardware very similar to Odyssey&#039;s. It sold poorly and wasn&#039;t on the market for very long. Only 5 games were released.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Magnavox Odyssey² emulators#Philips Videopac+ G7400|Videopac+ G7400]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Philips_Videopac_Plus_TOSEC_2012_04_23 TOSEC]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Pioneer Corporation&lt;br /&gt;
|[[LaserActive]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|PlayJam&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GameStick emulators|GameStick]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2013&lt;br /&gt;
|Microconsole&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Playtime Products&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Grandstand_(game_manufacturer)#Projector-based_&#039;Light&#039;_games|Projector Mega Video Game]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988&lt;br /&gt;
|Projector-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1988 by the Hong Kongese company Playtime Products, the Mega Video Game played Game &amp;amp; Watch style games and used a built-in projector as its display. Less then 15 games were released for the system. It was discontinued sometime between 1989 and 1990. How many units were sold is unknown.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Pokitto&lt;br /&gt;
|Pokitto&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2018&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|The Pokitto is a DIY handheld that aims to aid users into learning how to program games and create/build gadgets for it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
At Maker Faire Rome in 2016, prototypes of the Pokitto were available for hands on demonstrations. A Kickstarter campaign for the project was launched on April 28, 2017. The Pokitto was released around NY 2018. Pokitto Magazine Issue 1 was released in July 2019.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Publications International&lt;br /&gt;
|Story Reader Video +&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / eBook&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2006 by Publications International. The Video + turns the Story Reader electronic book into one of many educational consoles of the 2000s. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. Around 7 games were released for the system.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;R&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;R&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Radofin&lt;br /&gt;
|[[gametech:1292_Advanced_Programmable_Video_System|1292 Advanced Programmable&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; Video System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|RCA&lt;br /&gt;
|[[gametech:RCA_Studio_II|Studio II]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1977&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Romtec&lt;br /&gt;
||[[wikipedia:Romtec Colorvision|Colorvision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1984, the Colorvision was another cheaply made console released during the [[:wikipedia:Video game crash of 1983|video game crash]]. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. Only 5 games were released for it.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;S&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;S&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;13&amp;quot; |Sega&lt;br /&gt;
|[[32X]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Advanced Pico Beena]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Dreamcast emulators|Dreamcast]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Family Driver / Video Driver&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Sega also had a go with the VHS-based console market with the Family Driver/Video Driver from 1988, and unlike most of these type of consoles, this one did not play light-gun games but instead played driving games. Only three games were released for the system; it&#039;s unknown when Sega discontinued it.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Master System/Game Gear emulators|Game Gear]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1990&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Sega Genesis emulators|Genesis]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Master System/Game Gear emulators|Master System]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1985&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nomad]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Sega Pico|Pico]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/details/Sega_Pico_TOSEC_2012_04_13 TOSEC]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[https://archive.org/download/No-Intro-Collection_2015-03-03 No-intro]&lt;br /&gt;
||Child&#039;s edutainment console released in 1993. Was actually fairly successful. Has good support in [[MAME]].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Sega Saturn emulators|Saturn]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Sega_Genesis_emulators#Sega_CD.2C_32X.2C_and_Sega_CD_32X|Sega CD]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Add-on&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[SG-1000 emulators|SG-1000]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[VMU emulators|VMU]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;  Peripheral / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Select Merchandise&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Video Challenger|Video Challenger]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/handheld/hh_cop400.cpp#L2837 *]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 1987 by Select Merchandise and licensed to 4 companies in different regions, this VHS-based console only had around 8 games released for it, and like most systems of this type, it only played light-gun games. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |SNK Corporation&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Neo Geo and variants|Neo-Geo AES]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1991&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Neo Geo and variants|Neo-Geo CD]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Neo Geo Pocket emulators|Neo-Geo Pocket]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Neo Geo Pocket emulators|Neo-Geo Pocket Color]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; |Sony&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation emulators|PlayStation]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation 2 emulators|PlayStation 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2000&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation 3 emulators|PlayStation 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation 4 emulators|PlayStation 4]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2013&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation 5 emulators|PlayStation 5]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2020&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation Portable emulators|PlayStation Portable]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PlayStation Vita emulators|PlayStation Vita]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2011&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PocketStation emulators|PocketStation]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1999&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[PSX]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Toio&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2019&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational / Toy / Robot&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |Soundic&lt;br /&gt;
|PC-50x Series&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1977&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Designed by Soundic and released by many different companies, the PC-50x is a series of consoles is similar to Telstar Arcade, these systems have no built-in CPU and use cartridges that have a [[POS_(Pong_consoles)_CPUs_and_other_chips#Pong_Consoles_.28Pong_In_A_Chip.29|POC]] inside. These systems were first released in 1977, with only around 8 games known to have been released in their lifetime.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20231002042335/http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=2&amp;amp;c=1294 SD-290]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released by Soundic in 1983, the SD-290 was designed to undercut the competition, but its lack of compelling games and dated hardware drove customers away from it. Only 11 of the 16 games planned for the system were released. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold or when it was discontinued. Furthermore, it&#039;s important to note that Soundic sold SD-290 motherboards to various companies to rebrand them as their own consoles. Excluding the original console, there were five versions of this system are known to have existed so far, these include:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Soundic Soundicvision SD-200&lt;br /&gt;
*Hanimex HMG-7900&lt;br /&gt;
*Rollet Video-Color&lt;br /&gt;
*JouéClub SD-290&lt;br /&gt;
*ITMC SD-290&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With the exception of the SD-200 (no one seems know where it was released), all of them were only released in France.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|SSD Company&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:XaviXPORT|XaviXPORT]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} [https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/xavix.cpp Preliminary]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A fitness-based system employing the usage of motion controls in an effort to get players off of the couch - beating Nintendo&#039;s [[Wii_emulators|Wii]] by more than 2 years! Each game cart came with a dedicated controller and an own CPU (not in the system, similarly to Super FX chips in some SNES carts or Sega Virtual Processor in Genesis&#039; Virtua Racing). The XaviXPORT was actually developed by eight of the engineers who worked on the original development of the [[Nintendo_Entertainment_System_emulators|NES]]. An upgraded version with a 16-bit &amp;quot;Super XaviX&amp;quot; CPU compared to the original 8-bit CPU came in 2005. Also of note is the fact that Jackie Chan partnered with SSD Company Limited in order to bring his likeness to the console, which resulted in two licensed games. [https://mamedev.emulab.it/haze David Haywood] is particularly working on reverse-engineering the XaviX technology for MAME.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Steepler&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nintendo_Entertainment_System_emulators#Dendy|Dendy]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1992&lt;br /&gt;
|Clone&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|[[FCEUX]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; [[Mesen]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|The most well-known Famiclone, sold in Russia by Steepler, outselling the official PAL model NES (not officially imported at all). In technical details, it&#039;s basically the same as an NTSC-J Famicom running at 50Hz + SECAM colour mode, with the correct audio pitch (unlike the PAL NES which has a bunch of other changes to the CPU and PPU that break timing-sensitive games). [https://forums.nesdev.org/viewtopic.php?t=20931 This thread on nesdev] explains more.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The main reason to use this over NTSC would be if some pirate game targeted PAL Famiclones, other than that there&#039;s hardly much difference to it than running in NTSC unless you&#039;re nostalgic for the unoptimised slowed-down versions from pirate multicarts.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;T&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;T&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tapwave&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Tapwave_Zodiac|Zodiac]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A handheld released in 2003 that used an enhanced Palm OS. Ahead of its time, even receiving awards. However, the PSP and Nintendo DS killed it. {{YouTubeVideo|Mz3nNKQRnNQ|LGR Review}}&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Telegames &lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Dina_(video_game_console)|Dina]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1986&lt;br /&gt;
|Clone&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Hybrid / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid clone of both the [[SG-1000 emulators|SG-1000]] and [[ColecoVision emulators|ColecoVision]]. Sold by Telegames as the Telegames Personal Arcade, allegedly with permission from Coleco themselves. The console&#039;s build quality leaves a lot to be desired, not to mention that games for the aforementioned platforms can be played on most [[ColecoVision emulators]] anyway.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[The 3DO Company]]&lt;br /&gt;
|[[3DO emulators|3DO Interactive Multiplayer]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/3DO_2017_Reference_Set_Redump_Validated_ROMs Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|A 32-bit console first released on October 4, 1993. It failed to gain momentum in the fifth-generation market, and was discontinued in late 1996.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |Tiger Electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|BattleVision&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1994&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|BattleVision is a VHS console released by Tiger Electronics in 1994.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Game.com]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1997&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Giga Pets Explorer]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Handheld / Home / Toy&lt;br /&gt;
|{{yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[R-Zone]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tiger Electronics / Hasbro&lt;br /&gt;
|[[VideoNow XP]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Tiger Telematics&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Gizmondo emulators|Gizmondo]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|TimeTop&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Gameking|GameKing]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2003&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|A rather strange attempt at making a Gameboy-esque handheld, manufactured and marketed by TimeTop (aka Guangzhou Daidaixing Tec. Electronics Co. Ltd.) in 2003. Strangely enough, this one&#039;s even more primitive than the Supervision, Gamate and Mega Duck consoles before it, as it uses a lower-resolution 64x32 screen, and it is despite companies such as Subor (i.e. that Chinese company who gained notoriety for developing an AMD-based gaming PC/console hybrid) releasing workalike clones of the [[Game Boy/Game Boy Color emulators|Game Boy]] and, more recently, GBA clones. MAME seems to emulate well all known carts.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|TinyCircuits&lt;br /&gt;
|Thumby&lt;br /&gt;
|Ninth&lt;br /&gt;
|2022&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|A teeny tiny, fully working handheld that also makes for a cute keychain. You&#039;re also able to program games for it, and it even has Link Cable style multiplayer support. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |Tomy&lt;br /&gt;
|Data Battle Virtual Simulation&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1995&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Kiss-site&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1997&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|A karaoke-based game console.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Pyuuta Jr.&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|This was the consolized version of the Tomy Tutor.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Toshiba&lt;br /&gt;
|Visicom COM-100&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1978&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Toymax&lt;br /&gt;
|[http://videogamekraken.com/arcadia-skeet-shoot-by-toymax Arcadia Skeet Shoot]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|1998&lt;br /&gt;
|Projector-based&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in October of 1998 by Toymax (the makers of the Creepy Crawlers and My Pet Monster toys), this projector-based console, that only [http://kevinisblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/arcadia-electronic-skeet-shoot-game.html played light-gun games], had sold 435,000 units in the first 18 months before being recalled after reports of projectors overheating, melting, smoking and, in a few rare cases, causing burn injuries (faulty cartridges were to blame). After about three revisions, the system was discontinued sometime between 2000 and 2001, with only 5 out of the 9 games advertised known to have been released. It&#039;s unknown how many units were sold once the console was relaunched after the recall.&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;V&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|View-Master&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:View-Master_Interactive_Vision|Interactive Vision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1989&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|1988 edutainment VHS console that used two audio tracks on each tape, with the player choosing one of two options on the screen, to create interactivity. Also had short mini-game segments with ColecoVision-like graphics. Unlike the other VHS systems, the games were actually decent. No known emulators. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|VM Labs&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Nuon emulators|Nuon]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2000&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / DVD-player&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|rowspan=&amp;quot;12&amp;quot; |VTech&lt;br /&gt;
|[[CreatiVision]]&amp;lt;ref group=c&amp;gt;CreatiVision clones and variants:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;max-width:100%; overflow:auto;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&lt;br /&gt;
|+  {{Gray|align=left}}&lt;br /&gt;
!Name&lt;br /&gt;
!Country&lt;br /&gt;
!Hardware&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Category&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dick Smith Wizzard &lt;br /&gt;
|Australia / New Zealand&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Educat 2002 &lt;br /&gt;
|Israel&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FunVision Computer Video Games System &lt;br /&gt;
|Oceania&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Hanimex Rameses &lt;br /&gt;
|Oceania&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Laser 2001&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Computer&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Salora Manager &lt;br /&gt;
|Finland&lt;br /&gt;
|Computer&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|VZ 2000 &lt;br /&gt;
|Oceania&lt;br /&gt;
|Console&lt;br /&gt;
|}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|Second&lt;br /&gt;
|1982&lt;br /&gt;
|Hybrid&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Home / Computer&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
||This [[:wikipedia:VTech CreatiVision|hybrid computer and console]] were [https://computer.wikia.com/wiki/VTech_CreatiVision distributed to many different countries around the world and some variants were rebadged units with different names]. [http://www.madrigaldesign.it/creativemu/emulators.php Emulators list].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Gamate 3D]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[InnoTab]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2011&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://myrient.erista.me/files/MAME/Software%20List%20ROMs%20%28split%29/vtech_innotab_cart/ Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[InnoTV]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Eighth&lt;br /&gt;
|2015&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://myrient.erista.me/files/MAME/Software%20List%20ROMs%20%28split%29/vtech_innotv_cart/ Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[MobiGo]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Nitro Vision&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[ProScreen]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1984&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Socrates]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1988&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/socrates_library Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|Old edutainment console released in 1988. It featured a robot-type character called Socrates and had wireless infrared controllers. The same company would later release the V.Smile and V.Flash systems many years later. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[V.Flash emulators|V.Flash]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2006&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;(V.Smile Pro)&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/VTech_V.Flash_V.Smile_Pro_-_Redump.org_Rom_Set Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|Released in 2006, the V.Flash was a spin-off console to the V.Smile Series created by VTech. Like the V.Smile, it was an educational console for children of ages around 6 to 9, but, unlike the V.Smile that used ROM cartridges, the V.Flash used CD-ROM. It also had 3D based graphics rather than 2D on the V.Smile. It had around 10 games, with most of them being licensed children IPs such as Disney. It was discontinued a year after its release. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[V.Reader|V.Reader]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2010&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://myrient.erista.me/files/MAME/Software%20List%20ROMs%20%28split%29/vtech_storio_cart/ Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[V.Smile emulators|V.Smile]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Sixth&lt;br /&gt;
|2004&lt;br /&gt;
|Educational / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/VTechV.Smile Yes]&lt;br /&gt;
|V.Smile is an educational game console by VTech. It derived from Sunplus&#039; 16-bit SPG-series CPU architecture, which had similar peers including most [http://pnp-info.angelfire.com/ Jakks Pacific TV games] and Vii. The XaviXPORT was similar but had its own custom XaviX CPUs. Several variants of the V.Smile console are sold, including handheld versions or models with added functionality, such as touch tablet, integrated controllers, microphones or motion-sensitive controllers. 69 unique V.Smile games are known to have been released. Since [https://twitter.com/TheMogMiner/status/1282712009142829059 July 2020], every dumped V-Tech V. Smile Motion game now runs in MAME. So, too, do all V. Smile games that use a standard controller, apart from one bad dump (Italian version of Toy Story 3) (Same month Nintendo&#039;s [[Game &amp;amp; Watch]] titles were fully compatible for v0.223).&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Variety]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Third&lt;br /&gt;
|1983&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;W&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;W&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Watara&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Supervision]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1992&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Green}} Good&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Welback Holdings&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Mega Duck]] / Cougar Boy&lt;br /&gt;
|Fifth&lt;br /&gt;
|1993&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Yellow}} Imperfect&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Wenquxing&lt;br /&gt;
|Electronic Dictionaries&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|~ 199?&lt;br /&gt;
|Handheld&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/hackwaly/jswqx Jswqx (web-based emulator)]&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://github.com/hackwaly/jswqx/tree/master/rom Yes] &amp;lt;ref group=N&amp;gt;Currently, only the NC1020 model has been dumped&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|First Released in China in around the late 90s to early 2000s, these devices were designed to be electronic dictionaries, but thanks to their unparalleled extensibility such as built-in BASIC runtime and abilities to run third-party assembly programs, their intended purpose soon fell to the wayside when Hobbyist programmers started to make games for them. These devices from Wenquxing now play a big role in Chinese portable gaming. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Worlds of Wonder&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Action Max]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Fourth&lt;br /&gt;
|1987&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS-based / Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20150512114240/http://www.singeengine.com/cms/node/6 SINGE]&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|VHS tape console released in 1987 by Worlds of Wonder. It relied on light gun and score counter for all of its 5 games, which could not really be lost. There&#039;s an add-on for the multi-[[Arcade LaserDisc emulators|arcade LaserDisc emulator]] [[DAPHNE]] called SINGE, which can possibly emulate the console. We&#039;re in murky waters here, so run this at your own risk {{YouTubeVideo|mj498-wkOz4|Cinemassacre Demonstration}}&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;X&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;X&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|- id=&amp;quot;Z&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;9&amp;quot; {{Gray|align=left}} &#039;&#039;&#039;Z&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;{{IndexComp}}&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|ZAPiT Games&lt;br /&gt;
|Game Wave&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2005&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://archive.org/details/ZAPiT_GameWave_Redump_2017-12-23 Redump]&lt;br /&gt;
|A console released in 2005 by ZAPiT Games. The development of the Game Wave started in 2004, around the same time as the Nintendo Wii did, and the console was doomed to obscurity thanks to bad timing and a poor library of games that mainly consisted of trivia games and clones of popular game franchises (Gemz = Bejeweled, VeggieTales = Mario Party)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Zeebo Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Zeebo]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Seventh&lt;br /&gt;
|2009&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Miscellaneous=&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot; wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;text-align:right;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
{|class=&amp;quot;wikitable sortable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:10%&amp;quot; |Name&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:10.4%&amp;quot; |Manufacturer/Developer&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&amp;quot;col&amp;quot;|Generation&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:5%&amp;quot; |Year&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:6.7%&amp;quot;|Console Type&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:5.7%&amp;quot;|[[MAME]] support&lt;br /&gt;
! style=&amp;quot;width:5%&amp;quot; |ROMs /&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; No-Intro &amp;lt;br&amp;gt; collection &lt;br /&gt;
! class=&amp;quot;unsortable&amp;quot;|Description and other emulators&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Android_emulators#Android_consoles|Android consoles]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|~{{OFS}}&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Consoles that run on Android as their operating system. Most of them only run cellphone games and emulators, but some of them have their own unique games or heavy-hitting titles ported from other platforms.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[GameTank]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Clydeware&lt;br /&gt;
|Unreleased&lt;br /&gt;
|TBA&lt;br /&gt;
|Home &lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[POS (Pong Consoles) CPUs and Other Chips#Pong_Consoles_.28Pong_In_A_Chip.29|Pong Consoles]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|First&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Home&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} None&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Consoles that run on Android as their operating system. Most of them only run cellphone games and emulators, but some of them have their own unique games or heavy-hitting titles ported from other platforms.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Smart TV Consoles&lt;br /&gt;
|Clementoni&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|2010s&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Educational&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Red}} Preliminary&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|Launched sometime in the early 2010s by Italian toy company, Clementoni seemingly as a partnership with Hong Kongese toy company, WinFun, Smart TV is series of educational consoles mainly sold in Italy ([http://eshop.digitalelectronic.it/CONSOLE-CLEMENTONI-12303-SAPIENTINO-PLUS-SMART-TV Example]). The controllers of these consoles ranged from traditional to the gimmicky with some having motion and PS2 EyeToy-like controls. There is around 10 to 25 games that were released for these European systems. It&#039;s unknown how many units have sold been or when this line of systems was discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Unreleased consoles]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|Various&lt;br /&gt;
|{{Gray}} Various&lt;br /&gt;
|None&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
{{NEL}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Encyclopedia=&lt;br /&gt;
* [[wikipedia:List of first generation home video game consoles|List of first generation home video game consoles]] (Amazingly exhaustive wiki list. 888 listed consoles, but over 900 existed.)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[wikipedia:First generation of video game consoles|First generation of video game consoles]] (Wikipedia page. History and major competitors plus a small sector on handheld systems.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=External Links=&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://gamebroscentral.com/first-generation/ 1972-1977: The Home Gaming Revolution] at Game Bros Central ([https://web.archive.org/web/20200722010641/https://gamebroscentral.com/first-generation/ Web Archive] on July 22, 2020. Brief history of 7 major companies behind the first generation, plus a small list of other first-gen home consoles)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=References=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=N /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Clones and Variants==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references group=c /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Further info:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/sysset.php www.progettoemma.net&#039;s Systems list] (ProjectMESS&#039; list of computer &amp;amp; console systems &amp;amp; their overall emulation status in MAME/MESS)&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/lsset.php www.progettoemma.net&#039;s Software list] (ProjectMESS&#039; list of computer &amp;amp; console systems &amp;amp; their emulation levels of all games in MAME/MESS)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Consoles| ]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Various video game console-generations]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Various emulation]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Harimepuffle</name></author>
	</entry>
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