Editing POS (Pong Consoles) CPUs and Other Chips

{{WIP}}
Emulation of common chips is a big part of emulating consoles and computers, this page covers all these well known parts.

=x86 CPUs=
:''This part is about software that emulate x86 CPUs, '''and also other related PC parts'''.
The PC platform is an open architecture system that IBM initially designed in 1980. IBM's PC 5150 is the progenitor (though in no way representative of iterative designs like the desktops and laptops you may be familiar with today).

The history of the PC is comprehensive, but a good summary is that almost every component of the 5150 was <abbr title="existing tech IBM neither made in-house or signed an exclusivity agreement on">off-the-shelf</abbr>. IBM hoped that if clones popped up, they could sue them for using the firmware in the BIOS, which they had [[Licensing|copyright]] over as established by [[wikipedia:Apple_Computer,_Inc._v._Franklin_Computer_Corp.|a lawsuit between Apple and Franklin]].<ref>https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/423653/apple-computer-inc-a-california-corporation-v-franklin-computer/ Apple v. Franklin. (1983)</ref> However, [[wikipedia:Phoenix_Technologies|Phoenix]] designed a clean-room replacement firmware based solely on IBM's own public documentation.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=Bwng8NJ5fesC&pg=PA56 Phoenix Says Its BIOS May Foil IBM's Lawsuits. PC Mag. (1984)</ref> As a result, IBM never challenged clones that used it and promptly lost control over the platform.{{Cite}} Intel would later take up the next major iteration in 1995, called ATX.

Sometime in the 90s, a speedup was found in PC emulation that could run software near-natively; this became the basis for [[hypervisors]], which are different from conventional emulators listed here since they require the host architecture to be at the very least x86-compatible.

*Also tons of non-active obsolete DOSBox forks for Android exists, see [https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php?title=POS_(Pong_Consoles)_CPUs_and_Other_Chips&diff=70741&oldid=70740#x86_CPUs this page] for that.
*See also [[:Category:x86-based|*]] page for other x86 based systems software emulation.

<div style="max-width:100%; overflow:auto;">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! scope="col"|Name
! scope="col"|Platform(s)
! scope="col"|Latest version
! scope="col"|<small>[[#Enhancements|Enhancements]]</small>
! scope="col"|<small>[[#Hardware_support.2C_features_and_peripherals|Hardware support, features<br/>and peripherals]]</small>
! scope="col"|<abbr title="Free/Libre and Open-Source Software">FLOSS</abbr>
! scope="col"|Active
! scope="col"|[[Recommended emulators|Recommended]]
|-
!colspan="8"|PC / x86
|-
|[[86Box]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|Mac}}
|[http://ci.86box.net/job/86Box Dev]<br/>[https://github.com/86Box/86Box/releases {{86BoxVer}}]<br/>[https://github.com/PCBox/PCBox/actions PCBox fork]
|{{~}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
|-
|[[PCem]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|Mac}}
|[http://pcem-emulator.co.uk {{PCemVer}}]<br/>[https://github.com/sarah-walker-pcem/pcem/actions git]<br/>[https://github.com/PCemOnMac/PCemV17macOS/releases git] <small>(macos)</small>
|{{~}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
|-
|[[DOSBox]]<br/>[[DOSBox#Forks|and forks]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD}}
|[https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/releases {{DOSBox-XVer}}] (DOSBox-X)<br/>[https://dosbox-staging.github.io {{DOSBoxStagingVer}}] (DOSBox Staging)<br/>[https://github.com/schellingb/dosbox-pure/releases 0.9.9] (DOSBox Pure)<br/>[https://github.com/realnc/dosbox-core git] (DOSBox-core)<br/><small>[http://www.dosbox.com/download.php?main=1 0.74-3] (DOSBox)</small>
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}<ref group=N>[[DOSBox#Forks|DOSBox-X]], [[DOSBox#Forks|DOSBox Staging]], [[DOSBox#Forks|DOSBox Pure]] and [[DOSBox#Forks|DOSBox-core]] forks are still active.</ref> ||{{~}}
|-
|[[DREAMM]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS}}
|[https://aarongiles.com/dreamm {{DREAMMVer}}]
|{{~}}<abbr title="EPx filtering, Copy protection answer look-ups">*</abbr> ||{{~}}<abbr title="Direct3D emulation, DOS/Win32 implementation">*</abbr> ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}<abbr title="Compatibility is limited to select games">*</abbr> 
|-
|[https://github.com/dbalsom/martypc MartyPC]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}<br/>{{Icon|Linux|macOS}}<abbr title="It should build on Linux and MacOS (Including M1) but no release builds for these platforms at the moment.">*</abbr>
|[https://github.com/dbalsom/martypc/releases 0.1.3]
|{{?}} ||{{~}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}
|-
|UniPCemu
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}
|[https://superfury.itch.io/unipcemu/devlog 2023/04/11]
|{{?}} ||{{~}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}
|-
|[https://www.varcem.com VARCem]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|Mac}}
|[https://www.varcem.com/?page=dl Builds]
|{{?}} ||{{~}}<abbr title="8086, 80286, 386, 486, Pentium">*</abbr> ||{{✓}} ||{{~}} ||{{~}}
|-
|[[MAME]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD}}
|<abbr title="Latest development version">git artifacts</abbr><ref group=N>[https://nightly.link/mamedev/mame/workflows/ci-windows/master CI-Windows] [https://nightly.link/mamedev/mame/workflows/ci-linux/master CI-Linux] [https://nightly.link/mamedev/mame/workflows/ci-macos/master CI-Macos]</ref></br>[http://www.mamedev.org/release.html {{MAMEVer}}]<br/>[https://buildbot.libretro.com/nightly/ libretro core]
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/devices/cpu/i386/i386.cpp#L8 *]
|-
|[https://www.pcjs.org/ PCjs]
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}
|[https://github.com/jeffpar/pcjs git]
|{{✗}} ||{{~}}<abbr title="8086, 80286, 386">*</abbr> ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|[[QEMU]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS}}
|[https://www.qemu.org/download/ {{QEMUVer}}]
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|[[Bochs]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|FreeBSD|BeOS|OS2|AmigaOS|MorphOS}}
|[https://sourceforge.net/projects/bochs/files/bochs {{BochsVer}}]
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
|-
!colspan="8"|Mobile / ARM
|-
|[[DOSBox#Forks|DOSBox Pure]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Android|iOS}}
|[https://buildbot.libretro.com/nightly/ libretro core]
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
|-
|UniPCemu
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
|[https://superfury.itch.io/unipcemu/devlog 2023/04/11]
|{{?}} ||{{~}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}
|-
|Magic DOSBox
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=bruenor.magicbox 1.0.84]
|{{?}} ||{{~}}<abbr title="80286, 386">*</abbr> ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|[[QEMU|Limbo]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Android|WinMobile}}
|[https://virtualmachinery.weebly.com/limbo-downloads.html 6.0.1] <br>[https://forum.xda-developers.com/attachments/qemu-7z.475570 WinMobile build]
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|DOSBoxPPC
|align=left|{{Icon|WinMobile}}
|[http://www.freewarepocketpc.net/ppc-download-dosboxppc-v0-63.html 0.63]
|{{?}} ||{{~}}<abbr title="80286, 386">*</abbr> ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
|-
|[[Bochs]]
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.sourceforge.bochs&hl=en_US&gl=US 2.6.11] <br>[https://github.com/lubomyr/bochs git]
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
|-
!colspan="8"|Consoles
|-
|[[DOSBox#Forks|DOSBox Pure]]
|align=left|{{Icon|XboxOne|SXS}}
|[https://buildbot.libretro.com/stable/ UWP libretro core]
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
|-
|UniPCemu
|align=left|{{Icon|PSP|Switch|Vita}}
|[https://superfury.itch.io/unipcemu/devlog 2023/04/11]
|{{?}} ||{{~}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}}
|-
|[[Bochs]]
|align=left|{{Icon|PS2}}
|[http://www.ps2dev.karashome.pl 2.3.5]
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
|}
</div>
<references group=N />

===Comparisons===
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable" style="text-align:left;"
! scope="col"|
|-
|[[PCem]]/[[86Box]]/[https://pcbox-emu.xyz/ PCBox]/[https://www.varcem.com/ VARCem]:
These emulators provides an excellent compatibility and [[#Hardware_features_and_peripherals|hardware and peripheral support]] for MS-DOS, Windows 3.11, Windows ME/98/95 (and even [[Windows_2000/XP/Vista_emulators#Hardware_emulation|XP/Vista]],Win7 supported but not recommended) that is beyond what "DOSBox forks" can offer but unlike "DOSBox forks" these emulators usually requires modest to top-notch [https://www.cpubenchmark.net/singleThread.html single thread performance of CPUs]. As of June 14, 2021, PCem's original developer, Sarah Walker, has stopped working on the project. It has now been taken over on December 18, 2021, by a new maintainer, Michael Manley. 86Box is a fork of PCem which is [https://github.com/86Box/86Box/issues/3577 developed more actively], while PCBox and VARCem are forks of 86Box.
:: One aspect commonly used to compare PCem and 86Box is the emulation performance. PCem v15 introduced a rewritten dynamic recompiler, which was primarily aimed at improving emulation performance in games; however, it also caused minor to severe performance regressions in other applications. 86Box uses the previous recompiler from PCem versions before v15, with optimizations performed by devs, as they have determined that the new one causes too many regressions to be adopted as a sensible default. There is a way for you to try out the new recompiler on 86Box, though. PCem’s emulation of some core system components, such as the Programmable Interval Timer (PIT), takes a few shortcuts to improve performance. These shortcuts are perfectly fine for games, which is what PCem targets; although, they have caused issues with the software preservation side of things. In addition to taking fewer shortcuts, 86Box also tries to follow the specifications of these components, rather than implement the minimum viable feature set, which is - once again - good enough for games, but not good enough for some other applications. Generally speaking, the more accurate a component’s emulation is made, the more host CPU horsepower it will require. In addition to taking fewer shortcuts, 86Box also tries to follow the specifications of these components, rather than implement the minimum viable feature set, which is - once again - good enough for games, but not good enough for some other applications. [https://86box.net/2022/01/07/pcem-migration-guide.html See this guide for more information].
|-
|[https://dosbox-x.com/ DOSBox-X]/[https://docs.libretro.com/library/dosbox_pure/ DOSBox Pure]/[https://dosbox-staging.github.io/ DOSBox Staging]:
:[[DOSBox]] is another option for emulating many older computer games specially for pretty good performance with low-end computers but compatibility, accuracy and [[#Hardware_features_and_peripherals|hardware support]] aren't as good as [[PCem]] or [[86Box]]. [[DOSBox]] is no longer updated but it has many "DOSBox forks" over the years. Windows 95/98/ME can be installed in "DOSBox forks" and also supports 3DFX Voodoo emulation. Even more forks are listed in the [https://github.com/dosbox-staging/dosbox-staging/wiki/DOSBox-forks "DOSBox forks" page of DOSBox Staging's GitHub wiki] or [[DOSBox#Forks|here]].
::'''[https://dosbox-x.com/ DOSBox-X]''' is vastly different from other "DOSBox forks" in that it aims to be a complete emulation package that covers all pre-2000 DOS and Windows 9x based hardware scenarios. It features more flexibility by way of config options and an accompanying frontend to customize the DOS VM further, and beyond games it also supports standard software for DOS, as well as DOS-based Windows including Windows 3.x and 9x/ME with 3D acceleration via 3dfx emulation. The project also has its own [https://dosbox-x.com/wiki wiki] which contains extensive documentation on DOSBox-X, and a summary of notable added features can be seen [https://dosbox-x.com/wiki/DOSBox%E2%80%90X%E2%80%99s-Feature-Highlights here]. While DOSBox-X currently supports emulation of [[#Intel_CPUs|IBM PC/XT/AT]], Toshiba AX/J3100, IBM PCjr/Tandy, and [https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php/NEC_PC-9800_series NEC PC-9800 series] architecture, the maintainer, Jonathan Campbell, does not plan to add any other MS-DOS system. This limitation is mainly done to prevent bloating of the codebase, keeping it at a manageable level for himself while also staying organized. However, the codebase does contain stubbed source files for [https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php/FM_Towns_emulators FM Towns] emulation in the event that other programmers want to add that functionality.<br/>
::'''[https://docs.libretro.com/library/dosbox_pure/ DOSBox Pure]''' is a new DOSBox fork specifically built for RetroArch/Libretro. According to its project description it aims for simplicity and ease of use just like DOSBox Staging. On top of that it has an advantage over other "DOSBox forks" because of libretro features ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W8zCEf9prmQ EmuVR support], [[Shader_Presets#RetroArch.2FLibretro|Shader presets/Overlays]] and configs etc).
:::[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fA5SaT9uDa4 0.9.5 version] brings 3dfx emulation support.
:::[https://old.reddit.com/r/emulation/comments/18ctij3/dosbox_pure_098_released/ 0.9.8 version] brings further improvements to the ATAPI CD-ROM emulation for Windows 9x games with CD copy protection, add support for uncompressed CHD version 5 CD images and add libretro multiplayer with emulation and tunneling of various interfaces over the internet.
::'''[https://dosbox-staging.github.io/ DOSBox Staging]''' is a DOSBox fork that focuses on ease of use, modern technology and best practices. [https://github.com/dosbox-staging/dosbox-staging/issues/339 3dfx emulation is supported] with the latest releases.
|-
|[[DREAMM]] is a new emulator that targets specific games rather than the PC platform in general. As a Quality of Life feature, when running games that originally had manual or codewheel based copy protection DREAMM provides the correct answers for the user. Games run in the emulator's built in implementations of DOS, Win32 and FM Towns OS.
|-
|[https://superfury.itch.io/unipcemu UniPCemu]
:The UniPCemu (Universal PC emulator) emulator, originally made to play games on the PSP, now built for Android, Windows, PSP, Nintendo Switch and PS Vita! Play your old classic PC games on Android! It's a cycle-accurate x86 emulator (previously called x86EMU before the rename, This isn't based on the other cpu-emulator called x86emu (lower case)). It's a 8086(IBM PC) up to Pentium II (Compaq Deskpro 386, Compaq Deskpro 386 with PS/2 mouse (adds PS/2 mouse to the Compaq Deskpro 386 chipset, optional BIOS ROM replacement (loading it instead, alternatively a i430fx Pentium or i440fx/i450gx Pentium Pro/Pentium II chipset with PS/2 mouse. A 85c496/7 chipset is also supported.) and seperate CMOS settings like the other architectures) emulator(with various, configurable hardware), with up to 80386 timings (80486SX and Pentium using 80386 timings or 1 cycle for newer/unknown timings/instructions, both having no floating point unit)).
  In basic CPU's, all generations in between are supported (8086/8088, 80186/80188, 80286, 80386sx/dx, 80486, Pentium, Pentium Pro and Pentium II. All without FPU emulated, other than software FPU emulation support using drivers).
  It can run many IBM PC XT games, and also various 286(*) up to Pentium II games. Support for ATAPI CD-ROM (using VIDE-CDD.SYS, OAKCDROM.SYS or compatible ATAPI drivers) also works. Many graphics cards and sound cards can be used (MIDI using a Soundfont renderer inside UniPCemu (recordable by UniPCemu's sound recording functionality) or passthrough(passthrough on Windows only, which is not recordable by the emulator's own recording functionality)), from PC speaker up to Sound Blaster 2.0 and from IBM Monochrome Display Adapter up to ET4000/W32 SVGA(up to 16M colors (in True Color mode) using it's SC15025 DAC)!
  EMS is available using the Lo-tech 2MB EMS board on the XT and various EMM emulation software(e.g. JEMM386, EMM386) on IBM AT and up. For more information about UniPCemu [https://superfury.itch.io/unipcemu use this link].
|-
|[https://github.com/dbalsom/martypc MartyPC]:
It's an open source emulator written in rust that aims to be cycle accurate for IBM PCs. Compared to other (also great) PC emulators like PCem/86box/DOSbox forks etc, MartyPC focuses on ultra accurate CGA and DMA emulation. It requires pixel perfect and cycle accurate CGA emulation as well as emulation of CRT properties like overscan.<ref>[https://int10h.org/blog/2023/07/martypc-pc-xt-emulator-raising-the-bar Raising the Bar for IBM PC/XT Emulation: MartyPC]</ref> Developer "[https://old.reddit.com/user/Glorious_Cow Glorious_Cow]" said;
  Of course my next target is the 286, I think it would be interesting to try to make a cycle-accurate 286. The biggest challenge is the microcode for 286 hasn't been decoded yet, but there is a high resolution 286 die shot I'd love to get my hands on... My hope is that the 286 is a more 'regular' chip than the 8088. The 8088 turned out to have a lot of odd, poorly documented behavior. I guess we'll find out.
  386 is sort of a long-term goal. I'll get there when I get there, but it might take another year for 286 I estimate before I tackle it. Now that I've accomplished Area 5150 I don't really have a "goal target" in mind other than running DOOM :) My 386 will not be slavishly cycle-accurate, after all, there were many variations of the 386 and clones, so which one would be accurate to? Besides the fact it's hard to write a cycle-accurate CPU at 40MHz...
  At that point I think MartyPC will be done chasing the hardware, I have no interest in following the CPU generations up into the Pentiums - that's probably best left to 86box - and I think I will probably turn my eye just to seeing what kind of interesting debugging features I can add. Save states and rewinding, an inline assembler or scripting language would be cool.
  With most end-users probably best served by using 86box, I figure my best niche going forward is being a 'retro-developer's' emulator of choice, so I am motivated to add any debug features people might request.<ref>[https://old.reddit.com/r/emulation/comments/14sb24i/raising_the_bar_for_ibm_pcxt_emulation_martypc/jr10nya/ Glorious_Cow's comment about MartyPC emulator].</ref>
|-
|[[MAME]]:
The emulation of various CPU types seen here regarding MAME are all over the place in the changelogs and seem confusing. However, MAME has preliminary support for the families of 286, 386/i386, 486/i486, and almost the entire range of Pentium CPUs. However, only the 286/386/486 emulation is acceptable at the moment. According to [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/sysset.php ProjectMESS], many [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=ibm5170 IBM PC/AT 5170] family PCs running the 286 CPU have preliminary support. MAME [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MAME_0.146u3 0.146u3] (Jul 2012) added CPU types for Pentium MMX, Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III, and Pentium 4, but don't expect miracles.
::- [[MAME_compatibility_list#IBM|MAME compat list]] showing the sector for several IBM-type PC systems - most of which may work fine.
::- [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php?title=Special:Search&limit=500&offset=0&profile=default&search=pentium wiki.mamedev.org's search results for Pentium] (e.g. 0.100u4, 0.103u4, 0.146u3, 0.148, 0.152, 0.156)
::- [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MNW wiki.mamedev.org's list] for MACHINE_NOT_WORKING (Few systems based on a Pentium CPU)
::- [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MIS wiki.mamedev.org's list] for MACHINE_IS_SKELETON drivers (Several PCs/systems based on a Pentium CPU)
|-
|[[Bochs]]:
A full x86 PC emulator with a focus on development and test operating systems and other low-level software. Its lack of proper timing emulation makes it not useful, and it is often too slow for newer systems to be playable. It is thus not recommended to use Bochs. [https://sourceforge.net/p/bochs/discussion/39592/thread/17049d4e/#6bdd Bochs is not timing but functional emulator, it's emulates time in very trivial way] - one guest instruction emulated equal to one guest cycle. By tuning "IPS" setting you not anything in the way it emulates time - in opposite, you only giving a hint about emulation speed to Bochs which helps it to emulate devices like mouse or keyboard.
|-
|[[QEMU]]
Similar to Bochs, QEMU may not be the perfect x86 emulator, but its versatility, [[Hypervisors|hypervisor]] capabilities, and vast platform support make it a powerful tool for anyone interested in exploring the world of virtualization. Its commitment to open-source development and its vibrant community ensure its continued evolution and relevance in the ever-changing world of computing. While QEMU is versatile and great for virtualization/VMs, if your focus is precise, reasonable and compatible x86 emulation, use alternatives like 86Box, PCem or even DOSBox forks.
|}

==Enhancements==
''Side note: Please don't bump/spam GitHub threads/issues and feature request pages.''
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;"
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
! colspan=2 | Name
! 86Box
! PCem
! DOSBox Pure
! DOSBox-X
! DOSBox Staging 
! MartyPC
! UniPCemu
! MAME
|-
| rowspan=1 | Performance
| Preload [[Wikipedia:Template:Disk_images|optical disc image]] to RAM<br/><small>For users with sluggish multi-platter HDDs or plagued by horrible seek times, this enhancement '''might''' offer smoother experience, potentially reduced power consumption; it also shines when disc images reside on a network drive.<br/>Although keep in mind that preloading image would take some time, and it will require additional amount of RAM capacity.</small>
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| rowspan=4 | Post-Processing
| [[Wikipedia:Category:Anti-aliasing_algorithms|Post-rendering AA]]<br/><small>(FXAA, TXAA and MLAA/SMAA)</small>
| ?
| ?
| {{Y}}
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Comparison_gallery_of_image_scaling_algorithms|Post-rendering scaling]]<br/><small>(Sharp bilinear, Lanczos and FSR 1)</small>
| ?
| ?
| {{Y}}
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| [[Shaders_and_filters|Filters]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
| {{Y}}
|-
| [[Shader_Presets|Shader Chain]]
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{Y}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{Y}}
|-
| rowspan=5 | [https://tasvideos.org/Emulatorresources/Features TAS features]
| [[Wikipedia:Macro_(computer_science)|Macros/Scripts]]/[https://tasvideos.org/LuaScripting Lua]
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| Rewind
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
|-
| Fast-Forward/Turbo Speed
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
|-
| Savestates
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
|-
| [https://tasvideos.org/Movies Movie recording/playback]
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
|-
| rowspan=1 | Controls
| [[Input_lag|Input lag-mitigating technique]]
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
|-
| rowspan=5 | Quality of life
| Built-in [http://forum.arcadecontrols.com/index.php/topic,106405 Custom resolution/CRTSwitchRes]<br/><small>For using this on Windows OS you need [http://geedorah.com/eiusdemmodi/forum/viewtopic.php?pid=1009#p1009 CRT Emudriver].<br/>Another option is using EDID editor tool such as "Custom Resolution Utility".</small>
| colspan=8 | Exclusive to [https://docs.libretro.com/guides/crtswitchres/ libretro cores] and [[GroovyMAME]] at the moment.
|-
| [[Save_disk_space_for_ISOs|Streamable compression format]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| ?
| ?
| {{Y}}
|-
| Command Line Options
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| ?
| ?
| {{Y}}
|-
| On-Screen Display<br/><small>Showcases messages, controller input state which is useful for speedrunners, performance data, active settings, and various notifications.</small>
| ?
| ?
| {{Y}}
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
| Big Picture Mode
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{Y}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{Y}}
|-
| rowspan=3 | Misc
| [https://retroachievements.org/gameList.php?c=26 RetroAchievements]
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
|-
| [[Virtual_reality#VR_game_room_simulations|EmuVR support]]
| colspan=8 |  Exclusive to [https://www.emuvr.net/wiki/Installation_Guide#Downloads libretro cores] at the moment, this means that only DOSBox Pure supported.<br/>([https://youtu.be/snBg45ES-II?t=232 Demonstration])
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Category:Debugging|Debug Features]]
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
| ?
|}

==Hardware support, features and peripherals==
''Side note: Please don't bump/spam GitHub threads/issues and feature request pages. This list only includes parts and accessories that can be possible to emulated through software or will be possible in the near future. Including everything would result in an endless list.''
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;"
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
! Name
! 86Box
! PCem
! DOSBox Pure
! DOSBox-X
! DOSBox Staging
! MartyPC
! UniPCemu
! MAME
|-
! colspan=10 | Hardware features
|-
| [[Overclocking|Overclock]]<br/><small>Overclocking DRAM timings or CPU core frequency and CPU ring ratio from BIOS like using the real hardware.</small>
| {{Y}}
| ?
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
|-
! colspan=10 | x86 CPUs
|-
| [[Wikipedia:8086|8086]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU>Unlike emulators like 86Box or PCem which aim for accurate execution, DOSBox forks prioritize performance by [https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/wiki/Guide:CPU-settings-in-DOSBox%E2%80%90X/d4205d856c3da5787fc39f845452d184fbcb8ec4#is-dosbox-x-cycle-accurate emulating one instruction per emulated-cycle]. This approach simplifies internal CPU mechanics and ignores real clock frequency or FLOPs of the emulated system. While this sacrifices perfect accuracy, it leads to significantly faster emulation and still has broader software compatibility compared to other emulators like QEMU or Bochs. However, some niche software may still encounter compatibility limitations. Therefore, DOSBox forks remain a powerful option for casual users and performance-intensive tasks, offering a balance between compatibility and speed. See [[#Comparisons|comparisons]] section for more information.</ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/devices/cpu/i86/i86.cpp *]
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Intel_80286|80286]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{N}}<ref group=N3 name=MartyPCCPU>Future goal, for more information see [[#Comparisons|comparisons]] section.</ref>
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/devices/cpu/i86/i286.cpp *]
|-
| [[Wikipedia:I386|386]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{N}}<ref group=N3 name=MartyPCCPU></ref>
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/devices/cpu/i386/i386.cpp *]
|-
| [[Wikipedia:I486|486]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{N}}<ref group=N3 name=MartyPCCPU></ref>
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/devices/cpu/i386/i386.cpp *]
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Am5x86|Am5x86]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Cyrix_5x86|Cyrix 5x86]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
|-
| [[Wikipedia:AMD_K5|K5]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Cyrix_6x86|Cyrix 6x86]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
|-
| [[Wikipedia:AMD_K6|K6]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{?}}
|-
| [[Wikipedia:AMD_K6-2|K6-II]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{?}}
|-
| [[Wikipedia:AMD_K6-III|K6-III<br/>K6-III+<br/>K6-2+]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{?}}
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Pentium_(original)|Pentium<br/>Pentium MMX]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{N}}
| {{Y}}
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=MAMEPentium>Only the 286/386/486 emulation is acceptable at the moment. See [[#Comparisons|comparisons]] section. [https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/devices/cpu/i386/i386.cpp (i386.cpp)]</ref>
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Pentium_Pro|Pentium Pro]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{Y}}
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=MAMEPentium></ref>
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Pentium_II|Pentium II]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{N}}
| {{Y}}
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=MAMEPentium></ref>
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Celeron#P6-based_Celerons|Celeron (P6)]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{?}}
| {{N}}
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Cyrix_III|Cyrix III]]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{?}}
| {{N}}
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Athlon#Athlon_Classic_(1999)|Athlon Classic]]
| {{N}}<ref group=N3 name=PentiumIIIandAthlon>Pentium III emulation only available with [https://github.com/PCBox/PCBox/ PCBox fork], but do not expect miracles. Currently there is no processor available on the market that would be able to handle Pentium III or Athlon Classic emulation, considering that even the latest top-tier processors struggle with emulating fastest Pentium II/Celeron P6 processors. For more information about Pentium III emulation; [https://86box.net/2022/03/21/why-not-p3.html 86Box - Why Not Pentium III?].</ref>
| {{N}}<ref group=N3 name=PentiumIIIandAthlon></ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| ?
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Pentium_III|Pentium III]]
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=PentiumIIIandAthlon></ref>
| {{N}}<ref group=N3 name=PentiumIIIandAthlon></ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=DOSBoxForksCPU></ref>
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{~}}<ref group=N3 name=MAMEPentium></ref>
|-
! colspan=10 | 3D accelerators<ref group=N3>[https://pcem-emulator.co.uk/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=3499 PCem thread: Future graphics card emulation], [[86Box#Hardware_support]]</ref>
|-
| [https://www.vogons.org/viewtopic.php?t=534 3Dfx Voodoo]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}[https://github.com/dosbox-staging/dosbox-staging/issues/339 *]
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| ?
|-
| [https://www.vogons.org/viewtopic.php?t=534 3Dfx Voodoo 2/3/Banshee]
| {{Y}}
| {{Y}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}[https://github.com/dosbox-staging/dosbox-staging/issues/3115 *]
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| ?
|-
| [https://www.vogons.org/viewtopic.php?t=534 3Dfx Voodoo 4/5]
| {{N}}[https://github.com/86Box/86Box/discussions/2909 *]
| {{N}}[https://pcem-emulator.co.uk/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=3496 *]
| {{N}}[https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/issues/3959#issuecomment-1400282345 *]
| {{N}}
| {{N}}[https://github.com/dosbox-staging/dosbox-staging/issues/3115 *]
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| ?
|-
| [https://www.vogons.org/viewtopic.php?t=20665 Diamond Edge 3D/nVidia NV1]
| {{N}}[https://github.com/86Box/86Box/issues/2431 *]
| {{N}}[https://github.com/sarah-walker-pcem/pcem/issues/205 *]
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
| {{N}}
|-
! colspan=10 | Mainboards<ref group=N3>[https://github.com/86Box/86Box/issues/3577 Machine addition requests for 86Box], [[86Box#Hardware_support]]</ref>
|-
| 
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|-
! colspan=10 | Sound cards
|-
| 
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|-
! colspan=10 | Network cards<ref group=N3>You can simulate retro web browsing using [[Preservation_projects#Proxy_Projects_for_Retro_Web_Browsing|these Proxy projects]] with some of these emulators.</ref>
|-
| 
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|}
<references group=N3/>

=68k CPUs=
:[[Wikipedia:Motorola_68000]]
See [[:Category:68000-based]] page for m68k-based systems software emulation.

=PPC CPUs=
:[[Wikipedia:PowerPC]]
See [[:Category:PowerPC-based]] page for PPC-based systems software emulation.

=SOC's (System On A Chip)=
<div style="max-width:100%; overflow:auto;">
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable" style="text-align:left;"
! Model
! Manufacturer
! [[MAME]] support
! Emulators / Description
! 
|-
|[https://bootleggames.fandom.com/wiki/Elan Elan]
|Unknown
|style="background:skyblue;"|Decent
|Designed and Manufactured by an unknown Chinese or Taiwanese company, Elan is one of the older [[wikipedia:System on a chip|SOC]] still used in Chinese products, dating back to around the late 90s to early 2000s. Elan is usually used in bootleg or original plug and play games / systems.
|-
|SPG243
|Sunplus
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|SPG250
|Sunplus
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|SPG288
|Sunplus
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|SPG289
|Sunplus
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|SPG293
|Sunplus
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|VT01
|V.R. Technology
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|NOAC (NES-On-A-Chip) with the ability to drive an STN display directly using a modified palette. 
|-
|VT02
|V.R. Technology
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|NOAC (NES-On-A-Chip) with major enhancements compared to regular NES. [https://www.nesdev.org/wiki/VTxx#VT02 What's new]
|-
|VT09
|V.R. Technology
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|NOAC (NES-On-A-Chip), a low-cost replacement for VT03. 
|-
|VT168
|V.R. Technology 
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|A MOS6502-based SoC inspired by the NES but unlike NOACs, major differences made it no longer fully backward compatible with NES.
|-
|VT268
|V.R. Technology
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|Enhanced VT168.
|-
|VT368
|V.R. Technology
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|}

=CPU's & MP's (Microprocessors)=
<div style="max-width:100%; overflow:auto;">
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable" style="text-align:left;"
! Model
! Manufacturer
! Year
! [[MAME]] support
! Emulators / Description
! 
|-
|80286
|Intel
|1982
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|The 80286 CPU was released on February 1, 1982, with a clock speed of 4 MHz, but it soon changed to 6 MHz. After that, it had a max clock speed of 25 MHz. 
|-
|386DX
|Intel
|1985
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|The 386DX CPU was released in October of 1985 with a clock speed of 12 MHz. The max clock speed was 33 MHz. The 386DX was supposed to be introduced<br> at 16 MHz, but they had to settle for 12 MHz for technical reasons
|-
|386SX
|Intel
|1988
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|The 386SX was released in 1988 and was intended for lower-cost home PCs. It has the same clock speeds as the 386DX.
|-
|4004
|Intel
|1971
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|The first commercially produced microprocessor.
|-
|4040
|Intel
|1974
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|6800
|Motorola
|1974
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|68008
|Motorola
|1979
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|68010
|Motorola
|1982
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|Pin-compatible with the 68000, but not 100% software compatible.
|-
|68012
|Motorola
|1985
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|68020
|Motorola
|1984
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|32-bit internal and external data and address buses, and natively 32-bit ALU.
|-
|68030
|Motorola
|1987
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|68020 with a memory management unit (MMU) and instruction and data caches of 256 bytes each.
|-
|68040
|Motorola
|1990
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|First 680x0 family member with an on-chip Floating-Point Unit (FPU).
|-
|68060
|Motorola
|1994
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|Last product in 680x0 family.
|-
|8008
|Intel
|1972
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|80186
|Intel
|1982
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|80188
|Intel
|1982
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|80286
|Intel
|1982
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|First x86 processor with memory management and wide protection abilities.
|-
|80376
|Intel
|1989
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|80386
|Intel
|1985
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|First 32-bit x86 processor.
|-
|80386DX
|Intel
|1988
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|The same as original 80386, just renamed.
|-
|80386EX
|Intel
|1994
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|80386SL
|Intel
|1990
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|Power efficient version of 80386 for laptops.
|-
|80386SX
|Intel
|1988
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|Cut down version of 80386 with 16-bit data bus.
|-
|8080
|Intel
|1974
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|8085
|Intel
|1977
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|8086
|Intel
|1978
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|The 8086 CPU was released on June 8, 1978, at 5 MHz and had a max clock speed of 10 MHz. It was also the beginning of the x86 architecture.
|-
|8086-1
|Intel
|1978
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|After the original launch, Intel released the 8086-1, which had a clock speed of 10MHz. 
|-
|8086-2
|Intel
|1980
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|In May/June of 1980, the 8086-2 at 8 MHz was released. 
|-
|8086-4
|Intel
|1978
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|The 8086-4 CPU came after the 8086-2 CPU, completely skipping 8086-3; it was clocked at 4 MHz. 
|-
|8088
|Intel
|1979
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|The 8088 CPU was released on July 1, 1979, and had a default clock speed of 4.77 MHz and a max clock speed of 10 MHz. 
|-
|AM2900
|AMD
|1975
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|AM29000
|AMD
|1975
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|COP400
|National Semiconductor
|1975
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|i386SL
|Intel
|1990
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|The i386SL was released for use in portable computers and had a clock speed of 20 MHz. Its max clock speed is 25 MHz. 
|-
|i486
|Intel
|1989
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|First x86 chip to include more than one million transistors.
|-
|i486DX
|Intel
|1989
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|The original i486 without clock multiplier.
|-
|i486GX
|Intel
|1994
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|Embedded ultra-low-power CPU with all features of the i486SX and 16-bit external data bus.
|-
|i486SL
|Intel
|1992
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|Low-power version of the i486DX, for laptops.
|-
|i486SX
|Intel
|1991
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|i486 without FPU.
|-
|I8086
|Intel
|1980
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|The last 8086 CPU released was the I8086 in May/June of 1980.
|-
|Itanium 2
|Intel/HP
|2002
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|IA-64 instruction set simulator [http://ski.sourceforge.net/] [https://github.com/trofi/ski], executable toolkit [http://www.irisa.fr/caps/projects/ArchiCompil/iato/]
|-
|MC14500B
|Motorola
|1977
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|MC88100
|Motorola
|1988
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|[[Pentium]]
|Intel
|1993 ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentium_(original) Original]) <br>  1995 ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P6_(microarchitecture) P6]) <br> 1997 ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX_(instruction_set) MMX])
|NA
|
|-
|[[PIC]]
|General Instrument \ Microchip 
|1975
|NA
|
|-
|[[PowerPC]]
|AIM Alliance
|1993
|NA
|
|-
|[[RISC]]
|IBM
|1975
|NA
|
|-
|TMS1000
|Texas Instruments
|1974
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|Z80
|Zilog
|1976
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|Z8000
|Zilog
|1979
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|-
|Z80000
|Zilog
|1986
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|}
</div>

= Pong Consoles (Pong In A Chip) =
Popular for a few years during the 70s, they came in many kinds of cases, controls, and under many brands but all used a POC (Pong In A Chip) which are chips that contain all and only essential components to run the game of Pong and their variations. And because of this, these chips are emulated rather than individual systems.

<div style="max-width:100%; overflow:auto;">
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable" style="text-align:left;"
! scope="col"|Model
! scope="col"|Year
! scope="col"|Manufacturer
! scope="col"|Games/Modes
! scope="col"|[[MAME]] support
! scope="col"|Other support
! scope="col"|Latest version
! scope="col"|ROMs
! scope="col"|Description
!
|-
|3659-1C/C2566
|1975
|Atari
|Pong (Two Player)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|style="background: LightGreen;"|Pong Consoles Simulation
|[https://github.com/ThomasVisvader/Pong git]
|
|
|-
|3659-3
|1975
|Atari
|Pong (Four Player)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|-
|AY-3-8500
|1976
|General Instruments
|Pong (Four Modes) <br /> Light Gun (Two Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|style="background: LightGreen;"|WinArcadia / AmiArcadia and Pong Consoles Simulation
|[http://amigan.1emu.net/releases/#amiarcadia {{WinArcadiaVer}}] [https://github.com/ThomasVisvader/Pong git]
|
|
|-
|AY-3-8510
|1978
|General Instruments
|NA
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|style="background: LightGreen;"|WinArcadia / AmiArcadia
|[http://amigan.1emu.net/releases/#amiarcadia {{WinArcadiaVer}}]
|
|Improved version of the AY-3-8500, games are now in colour
|-
|AY-3-8512
|1978
|General Instruments
|NA
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|style="background: LightGreen;"|WinArcadia / AmiArcadia
|[http://amigan.1emu.net/releases/#amiarcadia {{WinArcadiaVer}}]
|
|Improved version of the AY-3-8510.
|-
|AY-3-8550
|1976
|General Instruments
|NA
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|style="background: LightGreen;"|WinArcadia / AmiArcadia
|[http://amigan.1emu.net/releases/#amiarcadia {{WinArcadiaVer}}]
|
|Improved AY-3-8500 with horizontal player motion
|-
|AY-3-8600
|1977
|General Instruments
|Pong (Eight Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|style="background: LightGreen;"|WinArcadia / AmiArcadia
|[http://amigan.1emu.net/releases/#amiarcadia {{WinArcadiaVer}}]
|
|
|-
|AY-3-8601 (Square Off)
|1976
|General Instruments
||Combat Squares <br /> Racing Squares <br />  Shooting Squares <br /> Jungle Games (Two Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|There is a possibly that this chip was never released
|-
|AY-3-8602 (Volleyball Plus)
|1976
|General Instruments
|Volleyball <br /> Protection <br /> Hazard
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|There is a possibly that this chip was never released
|-
|AY-3-8603 (Roadrace)
|1976
|General Instruments
|Racing (Two Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|-
|AY-3-8604 (Barricade)
|NA
|General Instruments
|Snakes
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|This game is made for two players
|-
|AY-3-8605
|1977
|General Instruments
|Submarine (Three Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|-
|AY-3-8606
|1977
|General Instruments
|Breakout (Ten Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|-
|AY-3-8607
|1977
|General Instruments
|Light Gun
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|-
|AY-3-8610
|1977
|General Instruments
|Pong (Eight Modes) <br /> Light Gun
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|Improved version of the AY-3-8600
|-
|AY-3-8700
|1976
|General Instruments
|Tank Battle
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|-
|AY-3-8710
|1976
|General Instruments
|Tank Battle
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|-
|AY-3-8760
|1976
|General Instruments
|Motor Cycle (Four Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|-
|AY-3-8765
|1976
|General Instruments
|Motor Cycle (Four Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|-
|AY-3-8800
|1976
|General Instruments
|Black Jack<br />Draw Poker<br />Acey/Ducey<br />War
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|-
|AY-3-8888 (Vegas)
|1976
|General Instruments
|Black Jack<br />Slot Machine
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|-
|AY-3-8889
|1976
|General Instruments
|Tic-Tac-Toe<br />LEM (Lunar Landing Module)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|-
|C010073-01/C2607
|1976
|Atari
|Pong (Ten Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|-
|C010073-3
|1976
|Atari
|Pong (Four Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|style="background: LightGreen;"|Pong Consoles Simulation
|[https://github.com/ThomasVisvader/Pong git]
|
|
|-
|C010765
|1977
|Atari
|Pong (Thirty-Two Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|-
|C011500-11 / C011512-05
|1977
|Atari
|Pinball/Breakout (Seven Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|-
|CR861 (MUGS)
|1977
|Signetics
|Pong<br />Tank<br />Helicopter
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|There is a possibly that this chip was never released
|-
|F4301
|1976
|Universal <br />Research Labs
|Pong (Two Modes)<br />Racing (Two Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|-
|K145ИК17
|1980
|Angstrem
|Unknown
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|A Russian POC, its likely a clone of the AY-3-8500 series. a lot of the IC's made in during the Soviet Union were clones.
|-
|M-588135
|1982
|Motorola
|
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|A clone of the Mitsubishi M-588135
|-
|M58816P
|1977
|Mitsubishi / Nintendo
|
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|style="background: LightGreen;"|Pong Consoles Simulation
|[https://github.com/ThomasVisvader/Pong git]
|
|M58816P is a custom chip made by Mitsubishi Electronics for Nintendo, it was used in there Color TV-Game line of console.
<br />this console line was launched in 1977 with the release of the Color TV-Game 6, Nintendo's first console
|-
|MM-57100N
|1976
|National Semiconductor
|Pong (Three Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|This is the NTSC version of the chip.
|-
|MM-57105N
|1976
|National Semiconductor
|Pong (Three Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|This is the PAL version of the chip.
|-
|MM-57106N
|1977
|National Semiconductor
|Unknown
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|This is the NTSC version of the chip. There is a possibly that this chip was never released.
|-
|MM-57186N
|1978
|National Semiconductor
|Unknown
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|This is the PAL version of the chip. There is a possibly that this chip was never released.
|-
|MPS 7600-001
|1977
|Mostek
|Pong (Four Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|This is the NTSC version of the chip. the games are made for two or four players.
|-
|MPS 7601-001
|1977
|Mostek
|Pong (Four Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|This is the PAL version of the chip. the games are made for two or four players.
|-
|SN-76410N
|1976
|Texas Instruments
|Pong (Six Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|-
|TMS-1955
|1976
|Texas Instruments
|Pong (Four Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|-
|TMS-1965
|1976
|Texas Instruments
|Pong (Six Modes)
|style="background:gainsboro;"|None
|
|
|
|
|}

=[[wikipedia:Signetics 2650|Signetics 2650]]=
The Signetics 2650 was an 8-bit microprocessor at 1.2 MHz introduced in July 1975.

See [[Emerson_Arcadia_2001_emulators]] for Signetics 2650-based chips software emulation.

{|class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable" style="text-align:left;"
!scope="col"|Machine
!scope="col"|Developer
!scope="col"|Type
!scope="col"|Year
|-
|PIPBUG- and BINBUG-based
|Signetics
|Computer
|1977
|-
|Central Data 2650
|
|Computer
|1977
|-
|Dolphin
|
|Computer
|1977
|-
|Instructor 50
|Signetics
|Computer
|1978
|-
|MIKIT 2650
|
|Computer
|1978
|-
|[[wikipedia:Interton VC 4000|VC 4000]]
|Interton
|Console
|1978
|-
|[[wikipedia:Elektor TV Games Computer|TV Games Computer]]
|Elektor
|Computer
|1979
|-
|[https://www.gamesdatabase.org/game/arcade/galaxia Galaxia]
|Zaccaria
|Arcade
|1979
|-
|[https://www.gamesdatabase.org/game/arcade/astro-wars Astro Wars]
|Zaccaria
|Arcade
|1980
|-
|PHUNSY
|
|Computer
|1980
|-
|[https://www.gamesdatabase.org/game/arcade/laser-battle Laser Battle]
|Zaccaria
|Arcade
|1981
|-
|[https://www.gamesdatabase.org/game/arcade/lazarian Lazarian]
|Zaccaria
|Arcade
|1981
|-
|[https://www.gamesdatabase.org/game/arcade/malzak Malzak]
|Kitronix
|Arcade
|1981
|-
|[https://www.gamesdatabase.org/game/arcade/malzak-ii Malzak II]
|Kitronix
|Arcade
|1981
|-
|[[wikipedia:Arcadia 2001|Arcadia 2001]]
|Emerson
|Console
|1982
|-
|Chaos 2
|
|Computer
|1983
|-
|Selbstbaucomputer <br> (2650 Minimal Computer)
|Ravensburger
|Computer
|1984
|-
|Type-right machine
|VTech
|Computer
|1985
|}

=External links=
* [https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/UsefulNotes/IBMPersonalComputer IBM Personal Computer] at TVTropes.
* [https://betawiki.net/wiki/Windows_8_build_7700 Windows 8 build 7700] Info about the earliest Windows build to be unbootable in 86Box.
* [https://www.vogons.org VOGONS]

=References=
[[Category:Hardware]]
[[Category:Computer emulators]]
[[Category:Hardware Emulation lists]]
{{Consoles}}