Difference between revisions of "Intel CPUs"

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The '''[[wikipedia:IBM Personal Computer|IBM Personal Computer]]''' is the original name of the PC architecture. The first model, the '''IBM PC 5150''', was released in 1981. Over the course of thirty years, it and "IBM PC-compatibles" began to dominate the enterprise and consumer world thanks to IBM's move to use an open architecture, which allowed a ton of add-ons and peripherals to form markets of their own.
+
The PC platform is an open architecture system that was originally designed by IBM in 1980. IBM's PC 5150 is the progenitor (though in no way representative of iterative designs like the desktops and laptops you may be familiar with today). The success of the PC architecture in the 1980s prompted Intel to iterate on its x86 processors, which is why this page is called '''Intel CPUs'''.
 +
 
 +
The history of the PC is comprehensive, but a good summary is that almost every component of the 5150 was off-the-shelf (i.e. parts that IBM didn't make themselves or sign an exclusivity agreement for others to use). IBM hoped that if clones popped up, they could sue them using the firmware in the BIOS, which they had [[Licensing|copyright]] over. However, Compaq came up with a replacement firmware based solely on documentation from IBM that they made publicly available, which they defended as a clean-room reimplementation. As a result, IBM lost control over the platform. The next major iteration would come from Intel in 1995 called ATX.
 +
 
 +
Sometime in the 90s, a speedup was found in PC emulation that could run software near-natively. This became the basis for [[hypervisors]], which are different from conventional emulators listed here since they require the host architecture to be at the very least x86-compatible.
  
 
==Emulators==
 
==Emulators==
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+PC
 
|-
 
 
! scope="col"|Name
 
! scope="col"|Name
! scope="col"|Operating System(s)
+
! scope="col"|Platform(s)
 
! scope="col"|Latest Version
 
! scope="col"|Latest Version
! scope="col"|8086 emulation
+
! scope="col"|8086 emulation<nowiki>*¹</nowiki>
 
! scope="col"|286 emulation
 
! scope="col"|286 emulation
! scope="col"|386 emulation
+
! scope="col"|386 emulation<nowiki>*²</nowiki>
! scope="col"|486 emulation
+
! scope="col"|486 emulation<nowiki>*³</nowiki>
! scope="col"|Pentium emulation<nowiki>*</nowiki>
+
! scope="col"|Pentium emulation<nowiki>*⁴</nowiki>
 +
! scope="col"|Pentium II emulation<nowiki>*</nowiki>
 
! scope="col"|Active
 
! scope="col"|Active
 
! scope="col"|[[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]
 
! scope="col"|[[Recommended Emulators|Recommended]]
 +
|-
 +
!colspan="11"|PC / x86
 
|-
 
|-
 
|[[86Box]]
 
|[[86Box]]
|Windows
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows}}
|[https://github.com/OBattler/86Box Git]
+
|[https://github.com/86Box/86Box Git]
|{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
+
|{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{~}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
 
|-
 
|-
 
|[[PCem]]
 
|[[PCem]]
|Windows, Linux
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux}}
|[http://pcem-emulator.co.uk 14]
+
|[http://pcem-emulator.co.uk {{PCemVer}}]
|{{}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
+
|{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
|-
 
|[[DOSBox]]
 
|Multi-platform
 
|[http://www.dosbox.com/download.php?main=1 0.74-2] <br /> [http://www.dosbox.com/wiki/SVN_Builds#List_of_SVN_Builds SVN]
 
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|[[DOSBox#DOSBox-X|DOSBox-X]]
 
|[[DOSBox#DOSBox-X|DOSBox-X]]
|Multi-platform
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD}}
|[https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/releases 0.82.10]
+
|[https://github.com/joncampbell123/dosbox-x/releases {{DOSBox-XVer}}]
|? ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||? ||? ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
+
|{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
 
|-
 
|-
|[[QEMU]]
+
|[[DOSBox]]
|Windows, Linux, macOS
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD}}
|3.1.0-rc2
+
|[http://www.dosbox.com/download.php?main=1 0.74-3] <br /> [http://www.dosbox.com/wiki/SVN_Builds#List_of_SVN_Builds SVN]
|? ||? ||? ||? ||? ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
+
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}  ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
 
|-
 
|-
|[https://github.com/simh/simh SIMH]
+
 
|Multi-platform
+
|[[Bochs]]
|[http://simh.trailing-edge.com/ 3.9-0]
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|FreeBSD|BeOS}}<br>{{Icon|OS2|AmigaOS|MorphOS}}
|? ||? ||? ||? ||? ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
+
|[https://sourceforge.net/projects/bochs/files/bochs/ {{BochsVer}}]
 +
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}  ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
 
|-
 
|-
|[[Bochs]]
+
|PCjs
|Multi-platform
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Web}}
|2.6.9
+
|[https://github.com/jeffpar/pcjs/releases 1.74.1]
|? ||? ||{{✓}} ||{{}} ||{{}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
+
|{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
 
|-
 
|-
 
|[[MAME]]
 
|[[MAME]]
|Multi-platform
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS|FreeBSD}}
 
|[http://www.mamedev.org/release.html {{MAMEVer}}]
 
|[http://www.mamedev.org/release.html {{MAMEVer}}]
|? ||? ||? ||? ||? ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
+
|{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{~}} ||{{~}}  ||{{~}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
 
|-
 
|-
|PCjs
+
|[[QEMU]]
|Multi-platform
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Windows|Linux|macOS}}
|[https://github.com/jeffpar/pcjs/releases Git]
+
|[https://www.qemu.org/download/ {{QEMUVer}}]
|? ||?||? ||? ||? ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
+
|? ||? ||? ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}  ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
 
|-
 
|-
|DOSEmu
+
|[http://dosemu.sourceforge.net/ DOSEmu]
|Linux
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Linux}}
|[http://dosemu.sourceforge.net/ 1.4.0]
+
|[https://sourceforge.net/projects/dosemu/files/ 1.4.0]
|? ||? ||? ||? ||? ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
+
|? ||? ||? ||? ||?  ||? ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
 
|-
 
|-
|DOSEmu2
+
|[http://stsp.github.io/dosemu2/ DOSEmu2]
|Linux
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Linux}}
 
|[https://github.com/stsp/dosemu2 2.0pre8]
 
|[https://github.com/stsp/dosemu2 2.0pre8]
|? ||? ||? ||? ||? ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
+
|? ||? ||? ||? ||?  ||? ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
|-
 
!colspan="10"|Mobile
 
 
|-
 
|-
|[[DOSBox]]
+
!colspan="11"|Mobile / ARM
|Multi-platform
 
|[http://www.dosbox.com/download.php?main=1 0.74] <br /> [http://www.dosbox.com/wiki/SVN_Builds#List_of_SVN_Builds SVN]
 
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|[[QEMU]]
 
|[[QEMU]]
|[[Android emulators|Android]]
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
|3.1.0-rc2
+
|[https://github.com/limboemu/limbo/wiki {{QEMUVer}}]
|? ||? ||? ||? ||? ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
+
|? ||? ||? ||? ||? ||? ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}}
 
|-
 
|-
 
|[[Bochs]]
 
|[[Bochs]]
|[[Android emulators|Android]]
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
|2.6.9
+
|[https://sourceforge.net/projects/bochs/files/bochs/ {{BochsVer}}]
|? ||? ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
+
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
 
|-
 
|-
 
|aDOSBox
 
|aDOSBox
|[[Android emulators|Android]]
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
 
|0.2.5
 
|0.2.5
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
+
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
 
|-
 
|-
 
|AnDOSBox
 
|AnDOSBox
|[[Android emulators|Android]]
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
 
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.locnet.dosbox 1.2.8]
 
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.locnet.dosbox 1.2.8]
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
+
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
 
|-
 
|-
 
|DosBox Turbo
 
|DosBox Turbo
|[[Android emulators|Android]]
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
 
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.fishstix.dosbox 2.2.0]
 
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.fishstix.dosbox 2.2.0]
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
+
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}}
 
|-
 
|-
 
|gDosBox
 
|gDosBox
|[[Android emulators|Android]]
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
 
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.gemesys.android.dosbox 0.7.5.5]
 
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.gemesys.android.dosbox 0.7.5.5]
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
+
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
 
|-
 
|-
|Magic Dosbox
+
|Magic DosBox
|[[Android emulators|Android]]
+
|align=left|{{Icon|Android}}
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=bruenor.magicbox 1.0.61]
+
|[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=bruenor.magicbox 1.0.72]
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
+
|{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
 +
|-
 +
!colspan="11"|Consoles
 +
|-
 +
|[[Bochs]]
 +
|align=left|{{Icon|PS2}}
 +
|[https://sourceforge.net/projects/bochs/files/bochs/ {{BochsVer}}]
 +
|{{✗}} ||{{✗}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||{{✓}} ||? ||{{✓}} ||{{✗}}
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Pentium emulation includes MMX variants and the Pentium II.
+
<nowiki>*¹</nowiki>8086 emulation includes the 8088 CPU.
 +
<nowiki>*²</nowiki>386 emulation includes the SX and SL.
 +
<nowiki>*³</nowiki>486 emulation includes variants.
 +
<nowiki>*⁴</nowiki>Pentium emulation includes variants.
 +
<nowiki>*⁵</nowiki>Pentium II emulation includes variants.
 +
 
 +
==Notes==
 +
;[[DOSBox|DOSBox-X]]:The Git readme file (Under the ''Comments on what DOSBox-X is lacking'') for DOSBox-X states that "''DOSBox-X contains code only to emulate the 8088 through the Pentium Pro. If Pentium II or higher emulation is desired, consider using Bochs or QEMU instead. DOSBox-X may eventually develop Pentium II emulation...''" if the user demand is there.
 +
;[[MAME]]:The emulation of various CPU types seen here regarding MAME are all over the place in the change logs and seem to be confusing. But MAME has preliminary support for the families of 286, 386/i386, 486/i486 and almost the entire range of the Pentium CPUs. But the emulation of color, sound and graphics for various CPUs and PC's based on the 286/386/486 architecture are good. According to [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/sysset.php ProjectMESS], many [http://www.progettoemma.net/mess/system.php?machine=ibm5170 IBM PC/AT 5170] family PC's running the 286 CPU have preliminary support. MAME [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MAME_0.146u3 0.146u3] (Jul 2012) added CPU types for Pentium MMX, Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III and Pentium 4.
 +
::- [[MAME_compatibility_list#IBM|MAME compat list]] showing the sector for several IBM type PC systems - most of which may work fine.
 +
::- [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php?title=Special:Search&limit=500&offset=0&profile=default&search=pentium wiki.mamedev.org's search results for Pentium] (e.g. 0.100u4, 0.103u4, 0.146u3, 0.148, 0.152, 0.156)
 +
::- [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MNW wiki.mamedev.org's list] for MACHINE_NOT_WORKING (Few systems based on a Pentium CPU)
 +
::- [https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MIS wiki.mamedev.org's list] for MACHINE_IS_SKELETON drivers (Several PC's/systems based on a Pentium CPU)
 +
 
 +
==CPUs==
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_8086|Intel 8086]]
 +
The 8086 CPU was released on June 8, 1978, at 5 MHz and had a max clock speed of 10 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_8086#List_of_Intel_8086|Intel 8086-1]]
 +
After the original launch, Intel released the 8086-1 which had a clock speed of 10MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_8086#List_of_Intel_8086|Intel 8086-2]]
 +
In May/June of 1980, the 8086-2 at 8 MHz was released.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_8086#List_of_Intel_8086|Intel 8086-4]]
 +
The 8086-4 CPU came after the 8086-2 CPU completely skipping 8086-3, it was clocked at 4 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_8086#List_of_Intel_8086|Intel I8086]]
 +
The last 8086 CPU to be released was the I8086 in May/June of 1980.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_8088|Intel 8088]]
 +
The 8088 CPU was released on July 1, 1979, and had a default clock speed of 4.77 MHz and a max clock speed of 10 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80286|Intel 286]]
 +
The 286 CPU was released on February 1, 1982, and had a clock speed of 4 MHz for a while then was changed to 6 MHz. It had a max clock speed of 25 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80386|Intel 386DX]]
 +
The 386DX CPU was released in October of 1985 with a clock speed of 12 MHz. The max clock speed was 33 MHz. The 386DX was supposed to be introduced at 16 MHz, but for technical reasons, they had to settle for 12 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80386#The_80386SX_variant|Intel 386SX]]
 +
The 386SX was released in 1988 and was intended for lower-cost PCs at the home. It has the same clock speeds as the 386DX.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80386#The_i386SL_variant|Intel i386SL]]
 +
The i386SL was released for use in portable computers around that time and had a clock speed of 20 MHz. Its max clock speed is 25 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80486|Intel i486]]
 +
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
 +
Full list of i486 CPUs
 +
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80486|Intel i486DX]]
 +
The i486DX CPU was released in 1989 and had a minimum clock speed of 20 MHz and a max clock speed of 50 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80486#Models|Intel i486SX]]
 +
The i486SX CPU was released in September of 1991 and had a clock speed of 16 MHz. It has a max clock speed of 33 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80486#Models|Intel i486DX2]]
 +
The i486DX2 CPU was released in March of '92 and had a clock speed of 40/20 MHz. It had a max clock speed of 66/33 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80486#Models|Intel i486SL]]
 +
The i486SL CPU was released in November of 1992 and was used for portable computers. It had a minimum clock speed of 20 MHz and a max clock speed of 33 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80486#Models|Intel i486DX-S]]
 +
The i486DX2 CPU was released in June of '93 and had a clock speed of 33 MHz. Its max speed is 55 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80486#Models|Intel i486DX2-S]]
 +
The i486DX2-S CPU was released in June of '93 and had a clock speed of 40/20 MHz and later had a clock speed of 66/33 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80486#Models|Intel i486SX-S]]
 +
The i486SX-S CPU was released in June of '93 and had a clock speed of 25 MHz. Its max clock speed was 33 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80486#Models|Intel i486SX2]]
 +
The i486SX2 was released in March of 1994 and had a clock speed of 50/25 MHz. It had a max of 66/33 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80486#Models|IntelDX4]]
 +
The IntelDX4 CPU was released in March of '94 and had a whopping clock speed of 75/25 MHz. It even had a more blazing clock speed of 100/33 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80486#Models|Intel i486DX2WB]]
 +
The i486DX2WB CPU was released in October of '94 and had a clock speed of 50/25 MHz. It also eventually had a clock speed of 66/33 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80486#Models|IntelDX4WB]]
 +
The IntelDX4WB CPU was released in October of '94 and had a whopping clock speed of 100/33 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80486#Models|Intel i486DX2 (P24LM)]]
 +
The i486DX (P24LM) CPU was released in 1994 and had a clock speed of 90/30 MHz. Its highest clock speed is 100/33 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80486#Models|Intel i486GX]]
 +
The i486GX CPU was released in 1994 and had a clock speed up to 33 MHz. The reason for this is for smaller portable computers.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Intel_80486_OverDrive|Intel i486 Overdrive]]
 +
The i486 Overdrive CPUs were meant to upgrade computers and had a clock speed of 40 MHz. It had a max clock speed of 100 MHz.
 +
 
 +
</div></div>
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Pentium|Pentium]]
 +
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
 +
Full list of Pentium CPUs
 +
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Pentium 50]]
 +
The Pentium 50 CPU was released on March 22, 1993, and had a clock speed of 50 MHz, as the name "Pentium 50" hints.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Pentium 60]]
 +
The Pentium 60 CPU was released the same time as the Pentium 50 was and had a clock speed of 60 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Pentium 66]]
 +
The Pentium 66 CPU was released the same time as the Pentium 50 and 60. It had a clock speed of 67 MHz and not 66.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Pentium 75]]
 +
The Pentium 75 CPU was released on October 10, 1994, and was clocked at 75 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Pentium 90]]
 +
The Pentium 90 CPU was released on March 7, 1994, and had a clock speed of 90 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Pentium 100]]
 +
The Pentium 100 CPU was released on March 7, 1994, and had a clock speed of 100 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Embedded Pentium 100]]
 +
The Embedded Pentium 100 was released for computers that were not meant to be able to have different components and was clocked at 100 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Pentium 120]]
 +
The Pentium 120 was released on March 27, 1995, and had a clock speed of 120 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Pentium 133]]
 +
The Pentium 133 CPU was released on June 1, 1995, and had a clock speed of 133 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Pentium 150]]
 +
The Pentium 150 CPU was released on January 4, 1996, and had a clock speed of 150 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Pentium 166]]
 +
The Pentium 166 CPU was released on January 4, 1996, and had a clock speed of 167 MHz and not 166 as the name implies.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Pentium 200]]
 +
The Pentium 200 CPU was released on June 10, 1996, and had a clock speed of 200.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Embedded Pentium 133]]
 +
The Embedded Pentium 133 CPU was released for computers that were not supposed to have changeable components. It had a clock speed of 133 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Embedded Pentium 133 with VRE]]
 +
It's the exact same as the Embedded Pentium 133, but with VRE.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Embedded Pentium 166]]
 +
The Embedded Pentium 166 CPU was released for computer with non-changeable parts.
 +
 
 +
</div></div>
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Pentium|Pentium MMX]]
 +
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
 +
Full list of Pentium MMX CPUs
 +
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Pentium MMX 166]]
 +
The Pentium MMX 166 was released on January 8, 1997, and had a clock speed of 167 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Pentium MMX 200]]
 +
The Pentium MMX 200 was released on January 8, 1997, and had a clock speed of 200 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Pentium MMX 233]]
 +
The Pentium MMX 233 CPU was released on June 2, 1997, and had a clock speed of 233 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Embedded Pentium MMX 200]]
 +
The Embedded Pentium MMX 200 CPU was released on September 29, 1997 and had a clock speed of 200 MHz. It was for computers with non-removable compents.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_microprocessors#P5_based_Pentiums|Embedded Pentium MMX 233]]
 +
The Embedded Pentium MMX 233 CPU was released for computers with non-removable parts. It had a clock speed of 233 MHz.
 +
 
 +
</div></div>
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Pentium_Pro|Pentium Pro]]
 +
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
 +
Full list of Pentium Pro CPUs
 +
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_Pro_microprocessors|Pentium Pro 150]]
 +
The Pentium Pro 150 CPU was released on November 1, 1995, and had a clock speed of 150 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_Pro_microprocessors|Pentium Pro 166]]
 +
The Pentium Pro 166 CPU was released on November 1, 1995, and had a clock speed of 167 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_Pro_microprocessors|Pentium Pro 180]]
 +
The Pentium Pro 180 CPU was released on November 1, 1995, and had a clock speed of 180 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_Pro_microprocessors|Pentium Pro 200]]
 +
The Pentium Pro 200 CPU was released on November 1, 1995, and had a clock speed of 200 MHz.
 +
 
 +
</div></div>
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:Pentium_II|Pentium II]]
 +
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
 +
Full list of Pentium II CPUs
 +
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_II_microprocessors|Pentium II 233]]
 +
The Pentium II 233 CPU was released on May 7, 1997, and had a clock speed of 233 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_II_microprocessors|Pentium II 266]]
 +
The Pentium II 266 CPU was released on May 7, 1997, and had a clock speed of 167 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_II_microprocessors|Pentium II 300]]
 +
The Pentium II 300 CPU was released on May 7, 1997, and had a clock speed of 300 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_II_microprocessors|Pentium II 333]]
 +
The Pentium II 333 CPU was released on January 26, 1998, and had a clock speed of 333 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_II_microprocessors|Pentium II Overdrive]]
 +
The Pentium II Overdrive was an upgrade for computers with weaker CPUs. It was released on August 10, 1998. It had a clock speed of 333 MHz, the same as the Pentium II 333.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_II_microprocessors|Pentium II 350]]
 +
The Pentium II 360 was released on April 15, 1998, and had a clock speed of 350 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_II_microprocessors|Pentium II 400 ]]
 +
The Pentium II 400 was released on April 15, 1998, and had a clock speed of 400 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_II_microprocessors|Pentium II 450]]
 +
The Pentium II 450 was released on August 24, 1998, and had a clock speed of 450 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_II_microprocessors|Mobile Pentium II 233]]
 +
The Mobile Pentium II 233 was released on April 2, 1998, and had a clock speed of 233 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_II_microprocessors|Mobile Pentium II 266]]
 +
The Mobile Pentium II 266 was released on April 2, 1998, and had a clock speed of 266 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_II_microprocessors|Mobile Pentium II 300]]
 +
The Mobile Pentium II 300 CPU was released on September 9, 1998, and had a clock speed of 300 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_II_microprocessors|Mobile Pentium II 266PE]]
 +
The Mobile Pentium II 266PE was released on January 9, 1999, and had a clock speed of 267 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_II_microprocessors|Mobile Pentium II 300PE]]
 +
The Mobile Pentium II 300PE was released on January 25, 1999, and had a clock speed of 300 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_II_microprocessors|Mobile Pentium II 333]]
 +
The Mobile Pentium II 333 was released on January 25, 1999, and had a clock speed of 333 MHz.
 +
 
 +
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_II_microprocessors|Mobile Pentium II 366]]
 +
The Mobile Pentium II 366 was released on January 25, 1999, and had a clock speed of 367 MHz.
  
==Models==
+
* [[wikipedia:List_of_Intel_Pentium_II_microprocessors|Mobile Pentium II 400]]
 +
The Mobile Pentium II 400 CPU was released on June 14, 1999, and had a clock speed of 400 MHz.
  
===[[wikipedia:IBM Personal Computer XT|IBM PC/XT]]===
+
</div></div>
Short for the IBM Personal Computer XT 5160, the PC/XT was a version of the IBM PC with a built-in hard drive released on March 8, 1983. Apart from the Winchester disk, it was essentially the same as the original PC, with only minor improvements. The XT was mainly intended as an enhanced IBM PC for business users. Later floppy-only models would effectively replace the original model 5150 PC. A corresponding 3270 PC featuring 3270 terminal emulations was released later in October 1983. Later, the PC/AT 5170 was released with many enhancements, the most major of which was probably the 286 processor. This allowed a 16-bit bus, which is why 16-bit ISA cards will only work on AT or newer, though some XT-class machines have the older 8086 processor, which also allows for a 16-bit bus, and therefore 16-bit ISA cards.
 
  
 +
==External links==
 +
* [https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/UsefulNotes/IBMPersonalComputer IBM Personal Computer] at TVTropes.
  
 
[[Category:Computers]]
 
[[Category:Computers]]
[[Category:IBM PC/XT emulators]]
 

Revision as of 20:55, 7 July 2020

The PC platform is an open architecture system that was originally designed by IBM in 1980. IBM's PC 5150 is the progenitor (though in no way representative of iterative designs like the desktops and laptops you may be familiar with today). The success of the PC architecture in the 1980s prompted Intel to iterate on its x86 processors, which is why this page is called Intel CPUs.

The history of the PC is comprehensive, but a good summary is that almost every component of the 5150 was off-the-shelf (i.e. parts that IBM didn't make themselves or sign an exclusivity agreement for others to use). IBM hoped that if clones popped up, they could sue them using the firmware in the BIOS, which they had copyright over. However, Compaq came up with a replacement firmware based solely on documentation from IBM that they made publicly available, which they defended as a clean-room reimplementation. As a result, IBM lost control over the platform. The next major iteration would come from Intel in 1995 called ATX.

Sometime in the 90s, a speedup was found in PC emulation that could run software near-natively. This became the basis for hypervisors, which are different from conventional emulators listed here since they require the host architecture to be at the very least x86-compatible.

Emulators

Name Platform(s) Latest Version 8086 emulation*¹ 286 emulation 386 emulation*² 486 emulation*³ Pentium emulation*⁴ Pentium II emulation*⁵ Active Recommended
PC / x86
86Box Windows Git ~
PCem Windows Linux v17
DOSBox-X Windows Linux macOS FreeBSD 2024.03.01
DOSBox Windows Linux macOS FreeBSD 0.74-3
SVN
Bochs Windows Linux FreeBSD BeOS
OS/2 AmigaOS MorphOS
2.8
PCjs Web 1.74.1
MAME Windows Linux macOS FreeBSD 0.264 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
QEMU Windows Linux macOS 8.2.0 ? ? ?
DOSEmu Linux 1.4.0 ? ? ? ? ? ?
DOSEmu2 Linux 2.0pre8 ? ? ? ? ? ?
Mobile / ARM
QEMU Android 8.2.0 ? ? ? ? ? ?
Bochs Android 2.8
aDOSBox Android 0.2.5
AnDOSBox Android 1.2.8
DosBox Turbo Android 2.2.0
gDosBox Android 0.7.5.5
Magic DosBox Android 1.0.72
Consoles
Bochs PlayStation 2 2.8 ?

*¹8086 emulation includes the 8088 CPU. *²386 emulation includes the SX and SL. *³486 emulation includes variants. *⁴Pentium emulation includes variants. *⁵Pentium II emulation includes variants.

Notes

DOSBox-X
The Git readme file (Under the Comments on what DOSBox-X is lacking) for DOSBox-X states that "DOSBox-X contains code only to emulate the 8088 through the Pentium Pro. If Pentium II or higher emulation is desired, consider using Bochs or QEMU instead. DOSBox-X may eventually develop Pentium II emulation..." if the user demand is there.
MAME
The emulation of various CPU types seen here regarding MAME are all over the place in the change logs and seem to be confusing. But MAME has preliminary support for the families of 286, 386/i386, 486/i486 and almost the entire range of the Pentium CPUs. But the emulation of color, sound and graphics for various CPUs and PC's based on the 286/386/486 architecture are good. According to ProjectMESS, many IBM PC/AT 5170 family PC's running the 286 CPU have preliminary support. MAME 0.146u3 (Jul 2012) added CPU types for Pentium MMX, Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III and Pentium 4.
- MAME compat list showing the sector for several IBM type PC systems - most of which may work fine.
- wiki.mamedev.org's search results for Pentium (e.g. 0.100u4, 0.103u4, 0.146u3, 0.148, 0.152, 0.156)
- wiki.mamedev.org's list for MACHINE_NOT_WORKING (Few systems based on a Pentium CPU)
- wiki.mamedev.org's list for MACHINE_IS_SKELETON drivers (Several PC's/systems based on a Pentium CPU)

CPUs

The 8086 CPU was released on June 8, 1978, at 5 MHz and had a max clock speed of 10 MHz.

After the original launch, Intel released the 8086-1 which had a clock speed of 10MHz.

In May/June of 1980, the 8086-2 at 8 MHz was released.

The 8086-4 CPU came after the 8086-2 CPU completely skipping 8086-3, it was clocked at 4 MHz.

The last 8086 CPU to be released was the I8086 in May/June of 1980.

The 8088 CPU was released on July 1, 1979, and had a default clock speed of 4.77 MHz and a max clock speed of 10 MHz.

The 286 CPU was released on February 1, 1982, and had a clock speed of 4 MHz for a while then was changed to 6 MHz. It had a max clock speed of 25 MHz.

The 386DX CPU was released in October of 1985 with a clock speed of 12 MHz. The max clock speed was 33 MHz. The 386DX was supposed to be introduced at 16 MHz, but for technical reasons, they had to settle for 12 MHz.

The 386SX was released in 1988 and was intended for lower-cost PCs at the home. It has the same clock speeds as the 386DX.

The i386SL was released for use in portable computers around that time and had a clock speed of 20 MHz. Its max clock speed is 25 MHz.

Full list of i486 CPUs

The i486DX CPU was released in 1989 and had a minimum clock speed of 20 MHz and a max clock speed of 50 MHz.

The i486SX CPU was released in September of 1991 and had a clock speed of 16 MHz. It has a max clock speed of 33 MHz.

The i486DX2 CPU was released in March of '92 and had a clock speed of 40/20 MHz. It had a max clock speed of 66/33 MHz.

The i486SL CPU was released in November of 1992 and was used for portable computers. It had a minimum clock speed of 20 MHz and a max clock speed of 33 MHz.

The i486DX2 CPU was released in June of '93 and had a clock speed of 33 MHz. Its max speed is 55 MHz.

The i486DX2-S CPU was released in June of '93 and had a clock speed of 40/20 MHz and later had a clock speed of 66/33 MHz.

The i486SX-S CPU was released in June of '93 and had a clock speed of 25 MHz. Its max clock speed was 33 MHz.

The i486SX2 was released in March of 1994 and had a clock speed of 50/25 MHz. It had a max of 66/33 MHz.

The IntelDX4 CPU was released in March of '94 and had a whopping clock speed of 75/25 MHz. It even had a more blazing clock speed of 100/33 MHz.

The i486DX2WB CPU was released in October of '94 and had a clock speed of 50/25 MHz. It also eventually had a clock speed of 66/33 MHz.

The IntelDX4WB CPU was released in October of '94 and had a whopping clock speed of 100/33 MHz.

The i486DX (P24LM) CPU was released in 1994 and had a clock speed of 90/30 MHz. Its highest clock speed is 100/33 MHz.

The i486GX CPU was released in 1994 and had a clock speed up to 33 MHz. The reason for this is for smaller portable computers.

The i486 Overdrive CPUs were meant to upgrade computers and had a clock speed of 40 MHz. It had a max clock speed of 100 MHz.

Full list of Pentium CPUs

The Pentium 50 CPU was released on March 22, 1993, and had a clock speed of 50 MHz, as the name "Pentium 50" hints.

The Pentium 60 CPU was released the same time as the Pentium 50 was and had a clock speed of 60 MHz.

The Pentium 66 CPU was released the same time as the Pentium 50 and 60. It had a clock speed of 67 MHz and not 66.

The Pentium 75 CPU was released on October 10, 1994, and was clocked at 75 MHz.

The Pentium 90 CPU was released on March 7, 1994, and had a clock speed of 90 MHz.

The Pentium 100 CPU was released on March 7, 1994, and had a clock speed of 100 MHz.

The Embedded Pentium 100 was released for computers that were not meant to be able to have different components and was clocked at 100 MHz.

The Pentium 120 was released on March 27, 1995, and had a clock speed of 120 MHz.

The Pentium 133 CPU was released on June 1, 1995, and had a clock speed of 133 MHz.

The Pentium 150 CPU was released on January 4, 1996, and had a clock speed of 150 MHz.

The Pentium 166 CPU was released on January 4, 1996, and had a clock speed of 167 MHz and not 166 as the name implies.

The Pentium 200 CPU was released on June 10, 1996, and had a clock speed of 200.

The Embedded Pentium 133 CPU was released for computers that were not supposed to have changeable components. It had a clock speed of 133 MHz.

It's the exact same as the Embedded Pentium 133, but with VRE.

The Embedded Pentium 166 CPU was released for computer with non-changeable parts.

Full list of Pentium MMX CPUs

The Pentium MMX 166 was released on January 8, 1997, and had a clock speed of 167 MHz.

The Pentium MMX 200 was released on January 8, 1997, and had a clock speed of 200 MHz.

The Pentium MMX 233 CPU was released on June 2, 1997, and had a clock speed of 233 MHz.

The Embedded Pentium MMX 200 CPU was released on September 29, 1997 and had a clock speed of 200 MHz. It was for computers with non-removable compents.

The Embedded Pentium MMX 233 CPU was released for computers with non-removable parts. It had a clock speed of 233 MHz.

Full list of Pentium Pro CPUs

The Pentium Pro 150 CPU was released on November 1, 1995, and had a clock speed of 150 MHz.

The Pentium Pro 166 CPU was released on November 1, 1995, and had a clock speed of 167 MHz.

The Pentium Pro 180 CPU was released on November 1, 1995, and had a clock speed of 180 MHz.

The Pentium Pro 200 CPU was released on November 1, 1995, and had a clock speed of 200 MHz.

Full list of Pentium II CPUs

The Pentium II 233 CPU was released on May 7, 1997, and had a clock speed of 233 MHz.

The Pentium II 266 CPU was released on May 7, 1997, and had a clock speed of 167 MHz.

The Pentium II 300 CPU was released on May 7, 1997, and had a clock speed of 300 MHz.

The Pentium II 333 CPU was released on January 26, 1998, and had a clock speed of 333 MHz.

The Pentium II Overdrive was an upgrade for computers with weaker CPUs. It was released on August 10, 1998. It had a clock speed of 333 MHz, the same as the Pentium II 333.

The Pentium II 360 was released on April 15, 1998, and had a clock speed of 350 MHz.

The Pentium II 400 was released on April 15, 1998, and had a clock speed of 400 MHz.

The Pentium II 450 was released on August 24, 1998, and had a clock speed of 450 MHz.

The Mobile Pentium II 233 was released on April 2, 1998, and had a clock speed of 233 MHz.

The Mobile Pentium II 266 was released on April 2, 1998, and had a clock speed of 266 MHz.

The Mobile Pentium II 300 CPU was released on September 9, 1998, and had a clock speed of 300 MHz.

The Mobile Pentium II 266PE was released on January 9, 1999, and had a clock speed of 267 MHz.

The Mobile Pentium II 300PE was released on January 25, 1999, and had a clock speed of 300 MHz.

The Mobile Pentium II 333 was released on January 25, 1999, and had a clock speed of 333 MHz.

The Mobile Pentium II 366 was released on January 25, 1999, and had a clock speed of 367 MHz.

The Mobile Pentium II 400 CPU was released on June 14, 1999, and had a clock speed of 400 MHz.

External links