Difference between revisions of "Emulation on Ubuntu"

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Revision as of 07:22, 30 July 2019

THE GNU/LINUX GUIDE OF EMULATION: *buntu Edition

Important! Like the title says, this guide covers Ubuntu and its derivatives. While you may have lesser or equal success with distributions that use APT (Ubuntu's packaging tool), where there could be relevant information in your case, this guide is not to be used for distributions that use Pacman or YUM. We can't guarantee that repositories here will work with Debian and Ubuntu-based Puppy (like Tahr), but we're not saying it's not possible. Give it a try, and it could work if you know what you're doing. However, distributions like Arch and Fedora use completely different packaging tools, and thus are obviously guaranteed not to work. Don't give up, though; you can find the same emulators for your distribution somewhere else, either in their official or user-curated repos or by compiling them from source.

Info for newfriends

Possibly the biggest difference between Windows and Ubuntu (and perhaps, GNU/Linux in general) is the way that programs are handled. On Windows, getting software requires the developer to package an installer (or a portable build for flash drives and the like) that you have to get from their website. They may also have to bundle dependencies (like the Visual C++ Runtime) or link you to their location if a license prevents that. If your software is closer to open-source, this is very different; either they have a repository that holds their own packages, someone has set one up for them, or they integrate their packages in the defaults (although this is very rare).

These "repositories" can be thought of like app stores. You use a package manager (either graphically or terminally) to search for programs in the repositories, from which you can install, update and uninstall them. It's really cool.

Your Linux distribution comes with repositories already configured so you can get a lot of the main programs immediately, but there are risks with the emulators in particular; repositories aren't focused on having every emulator, and in many cases when they do, they don't have newer versions. This isn't necessarily their fault though; especially with bigger distributions, repositories can be stuffed with loads of software that gets constant updates, so to get them tested and updated takes quite a bit of time. Rather than using the defaults, we'll add more repositories made by users or developers themselves that contain the latest versions of these emulators. Once these repositories are added, you will be able to install the emulators like with any other program and update them with the rest of your machine.

While this can seem exciting, keep in mind that some emulators aren't available on repositories, and many good ones aren't on Linux at all, so you may need to use different methods to get them. But don't worry; this will be explained later.

Adding new repositories

Note: If you ever rely on a tutorial that says to type apt-get, you can use apt instead. There generally isn't a difference.
Another note: Pay attention to where sudo is used. That's the equivalent to running a Windows program as an administrator. If you're ever suspicious about any command you're told to type, you can type man (command) short for manual and it will tell you what that program does. E.g. man apt will tell you what apt does. To quit the documentation, just press q.

Terminal

To add a new repository from the terminal, just type in this command:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:user/ppa-name

...where the ppa:user/ppa-name are the ones you'll find in the table for the repository you want to add. After you add all the repos you want, you'll run the next command to tell apt to refresh the list:

sudo apt update

Once that's done you will have all the packages from those repos available to install.

Graphical

To add a new repository from the GUI, install synaptic (or make sure it's installed) by typing in this command from the terminal:

sudo apt install synaptic

This program will be a lot of help. Once you have it installed you can choose to organize packages by source and see all the repos you already have available.

Select Settings > Repositories, and from the new window, select Other Software > Add...

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ppa:user/ppa-name/ubuntu xenial main

Where instead of xenial for 16.04, you type trusty for 14.04, bionic for 18.04, and cosmic for 18.10.

You can then see what emulators you have with each repos, and can now install the ones you want.

Repositories List

The "Type" column categorizes repositories by update frequency. Software in the Testing branches usually get updates as often as possible (even daily), while software in the Stable branches are only as recent as the versions are, and usually get updates between a few months. There are also several Abandoned PPAs which can be used only on older Ubuntu releases.

If the desired emulator isn't found here, you can find more repositories by searching around for "(emulator) launchpad ppa". Check that they have packages for your Ubuntu version (they usually go by the version's name), as some PPAs can be abandoned.

Emulator/Project ppa:user/ppa-name Type Latest Emulator Version Supported Ubuntu Versions ARM[N 1]
RetroArch
(libretro)
ppa:libretro/testing Testing 1.7.5 14.04,16.04,18.04,18.10,19.04,19.10[N 2]
ppa:libretro/stable Stable 1.7.5 14.04,16.04,18.04[N 2]
VBA-M ppa:sergio-br2/vbam-trunk Stable 2.0.1-r201810111532-ed8c928-22 16.04,18.04
PCSX2 ppa:gregory-hainaut/pcsx2.official.ppa Stable 1.4.0 14.04,15.04,15.10,16.04,16.10,17.04,18.04
ppa:pcsx2-team/pcsx2-daily Testing 1.5.0~git201810130609 14.04,16.04,18.10
MAME ppa:c.falco/mame Stable 0.202 18.04
ppa:c.falco/alpha[N 3] Testing 0.202 16.04,18.04
Dolphin ppa:dolphin-emu/ppa Stable/Testing 5.0+git-r201810131701-1fe40c5-33 16.04,18.04,18.10 arm64
PCSX-Reloaded ppa:rebuntu16/pcsx-reloaded-svn+unofficial Abandoned 1.9.94+git2017.02.28-16.13-1~ppa 16.04,16.10,17.04
PPSSPP ppa:ppsspp/testing Testing 1.6.3-r201810120047-c6247d1-84 14.04,16.04,18.04,18.10
ppa:ppsspp/stable Stable 1.6.3-r201809150336-9a610c8-84 14.04,16.04,18.04
ScummVM Official Site (.deb)[N 4] Stable 2.0.0 16,04,17.04[N 5]
higan ppa:hda-me/higan Stable 106 16.04[N 5]
FS-UAE ppa:fengestad/stable Stable 2.8.4 14.04,16.04,17.10,18.04
ppa:fengestad/devel Testing 2.9.7 14.04,16.04,17.10,18.04
DeSmuME ppa:random-stuff/ppa Stable 0.9.11+r1~4 12.04,14.04,15.04,15.10,16.04[N 6]
Mupen64Plus Testing 2.5-7+r630~7 14.04,15.04,15.10,16.04[N 7]
PokeMini Stable 0.60-r8~4 14.04,15.04,15.10,16.04,16.10,17.04,17.10
Gambatte Stable 0.5.0-r577-b575~5 12.04,14.04,15.04,15.10,16.04,16.10,17.04,17.10
Supermodel Stable 0.3a~WIP+r710~23 None[N 8]
mGBA Testing 0.7~b1+dfsg1-r201810090501-7448c96-15 16.04,18.04,18.10
Snes9x Stable 1.54.1-r201805250105-98d3d27-3 17.10,18.04[N 9]
BlastEm ppa:samoilov-lex/retrogames[N 10] Stable 0.5.1.224725e8a3a8 16.04,18.04
Citra Testing 0.0.0~20180823-1~retrogames 18.04
Hatari Stable 2.1.0 16.04,18.04
Mednafen Stable 1.21.1-2 18.04
PCem Stable 13.1 18.04
reicast Stable 8-1~retrogames 18.04
Stella Stable 5.1.1 16.04,18.04
yuzu Testing 0.0.0~20180917-1~retrogames 18.04
Vita3K Stable 0.1.0~git20180527.1-3~retrogames 18.04
puNES Stable 0.102-1~retrogames 18.04
Yabause Stable 0.9.15-1~retrogames 18.04
FCEUX
ZSNES
Other older emulators not listed
Official Ubuntu repos Varies[N 11] Varies Varies ~
  1. These repositories have packages compiled for ARM architectures, and could work with HP Hardfloat, odroid, Raspberry Pi 2, etc.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Core availability may vary between Ubuntu versions.
  3. Some MAME builds may also appear in ppa:c.falco/trashbin.
  4. ScummVM's website provides raw Debian packages (.deb) which can be installed with tools like gdebi.
  5. 5.0 5.1 This package is in the official repository for Ubuntu 18.04.
  6. Packages for 16.10 and newer are listed but broken.
  7. This package is in the official repository for Ubuntu 16.10 and newer.
  8. Packages for 14.04,16.04,17.10 are listed, but all of them are broken since January 2018.
  9. Packages for 14.04 and 16.04 are listed but broken.
  10. This PPA contains unofficial builds of RetroArch, Dolphin, PPSSPP, PCSX2, FS-UAE and more, thus may cause conflict with other PPAs. After installing a desired emulator from this PPA, it is recommended to remove this PPA from the system's repository list by executing "sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:samoilov-lex/retrogames" in the command line.
  11. Only updated once per Ubuntu version.

Distro-independent Packages on Ubuntu

Main article: Distro-agnostic emulator packages for Linux

There are distribution-independent emulator packages which can be used instead of Ubuntu PPA. Packages especially notable or useful for Ubuntu are listed below.

Emulator/Project Package Notes
VICE Flatpak Has version 3.2 which is newer than any official Ubuntu repositories; No PPAs known
Snes9x Flatpak Has version 1.56.2 which is newer than any PPAs
ScummVM Snappy Has 2.1.0 development builds
MAME Snappy Allows running 0.201 (and 0.202 in edge channel) in Ubuntu versions outside of 16.04 and 18.04
RPCS3 AppImage Official distribution format. The only known PPA was deleted around August 2018. (It was outdated and only supported 18.04)
FUSE Flatpak Has version 1.5.6 which is newer than any official Ubuntu repositories; No PPAs are up-to-date

Links