Arcade emulators

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Revision as of 04:07, 22 December 2021 by 172.70.214.172 (talk) (Converted Home Console Hardware: A rare PS4 based arcade system. Only that game use PS4 in all modern arcade machines for now.)
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Example of a Ms. Pac-Man arcade cabinet.

Arcades were venues in which many games were played at, often containing thousands of games. Arcades often got their revenue from players who paid to play games. Most arcade emulators focus on emulating many systems in one program, the scope of which varies between projects.

Machines

Machines often varied by their design and, unlike consoles, were often tailored to just one game. Games were designed to eat as many quarters as possible, which is emulated with the "Coin" key. Some games have a service mode (mapped to F2 in MAME) with menus meant for the arcade owner to set dipswitches for difficulty, censorship, language, and most importantly a "Free Play" mode that allows players to continue as many as they want without requesting more coins. Sometimes, similar menus meant for developers (labeled debug or test usually, sometimes requiring a developer BIOS like with some Neo Geo games) are left in the game too.

Three main types of arcade machines can be distinguished:

Arcade Original Hardware

Hardware made specifically for the arcade to provide for graphics and performance unseen on home consoles. Extremely common in the golden age of arcades but became much less frequent as companies used modified existing hardware instead to save on R&D costs and easier cross-platform development, or tried to differentiate between the home and arcade experience with control scheme gimmicks instead.

MAME's purpose is to cover most of these. Older arcades as well as select popular arcade machines, the Neo Geo and Capcom's CPS series, in particular, received their own standalone emulators. Sometimes, they received their own console versions but those are mostly ports, not emulation, with very few exceptions.

Converted Home Console Hardware

Those arcade boards share most of the hardware specifications with existing home consoles, with the addition of a coin slot and occasionally DRM and some changes. While MAME supports most of those, standalone emulators for the base home console are more mature and often (but not always) support the arcade variants.

Main article: [System16's arcade museum] (See more examples here)

Converted PC Hardware

Based on normal PC architecture with a variation of Windows 7 Embedded or Linux installed and tons of DRM and custom drivers. These can still be run on computers using the right launchers (Game loader All RH, SpiceTools, idmacx tools, TekParrot...) but most likely won't be emulated by MAME anytime soon, and not just because of their policies on what hardware is too recently commercialized to cover.

Main article: [System16's arcade museum] (See more examples here)

Specific models:

Emulation

The games first need to run on an operating system equivalent to that of the machine, which may imply Wine use on Linux or having to upgrade to 64-bit editions. Some GPUs or wrappers may be required. Additionally, the following need to be installed:

  • Microsoft Visual C++ Runtimes: A one-in-all link for all editions from 2005 to 2015 may be found here.
  • Microsoft .NET Frameworks: Any version from 1.0 to 4.5 may be required, the newer, the better.
  • Microsoft DirectX 9.0: Offline installer here.
  • PC Video Codecs: Grabbing the standard K Lite Codec pack from here is recommended.

Remember to backup data from the downloaded scene release before trying to fix it to run.

  • Launcher: The game needs this to work at all. There are many: Jconfig, TeknoParrot... and each game requires a specific launcher. If you got the dump from elsewhere, not in a clean state that doesn't work, it may be because of conflicting launchers and you will have to delete all of them (typically Detoured.dll, Game loader Rh.exe, Typex_config.exe, Typex_loader.exe, TTXconfig 2.0, TTX-moniter.dll...)
  • iDmacDrv32.dll: Needed in Nesica games. If present, do not delete it, copy Jconfig.exe and the replacement iDmacDrv32.dll from the Jconfig package, then double-click NesicaXlive.reg to import keys to your registry, and use the game executable to run the game. If not present, copy Jconfig.exe, JVSemu.dll, and jvs_loader.exe from the Jconfig package, and use jvs_loader.exe to run the game.
  • Save Fixes: Some games can't save scores and data at all. For a bunch of machines, there are fixes (called "loaders pack") that enable that, but some machines (nesica) handle saving purely using official servers in which case there's not much (yet) to do about it.
  • Extra Fixes: Varies per game. Check the readme with the game scene release.

You can set your controls in Jconfig.exe, and it's recommended to disable Dsound and D3D Wrapper.

Some games can have DirectX related problems. For some, deleting the existing d3d9.dll or opengl.dll files can help. For others, they expect the older D3D8 codec and have bugs (crashes, uneven speed) that can be fixed with Reshade's d3d8to9 plugin.

Emulators

Name Platform(s) Latest Version # of Emulated systems Libretro Core FLOSS Active Recommended
PC / x86
MAME Windows Linux macOS FreeBSD 0.264 Thousands of electronics[1] [N 1]
FinalBurn Neo Windows GitHub Hundreds
DICE Windows Linux macOS 0.9 20
DAPHNE Windows Linux macOS 1.0.12 1
(LaserDisc)
~ (WIP) [N 2]
TeknoParrot Windows 1.0.0.140 7
(PC based)
[N 3]
ZiNc Windows Linux 1.1 3
(ZN-1, ZN-2, Namco System 11)
Calice Windows 0.6.4 6
(Capcom, Sega, SNK, Gaelco)
FinalBurn Alpha Windows 0.2.97.43 Hundreds ~
RAINE Windows Linux macOS 0.96.7 1063 ?
Kawaks Windows 1.65 3
(Neo Geo, CPS1, CPS2)
CPS3 Emulator Windows 1.0a 1
(CPS3)
VivaNonno Windows 22.0.3 1
(Namco System 22)
Sega-only
Model 2 Emulator Windows 1.1a 1
(Sega Model 2)
Supermodel Windows Linux macOS 0.2a
SVN
1
(Sega Model 3)
~ (WIP)
DEmul Windows 0.7 Build 180428 6
(Sega NAOMI and variants)
Kronos Windows Linux 2.6.1 1
(STV)
~
Nova Windows 0.6 1
(STV)
Name Platform(s) Latest Version # of Emulated systems ROM Set Libretro Core FLOSS Active Recommended
Mobile / ARM
MAME Android 0.264 [N 4] Countless Depends on core [N 1]
MAME4droid (0.139u1) Android 1.12 Countless MAME 0.139u1
(mame2010)
?
MAME4droid (0.37b5) Android 1.5.3 Countless MAME 0.37b5
(mame2000)
?
FinalBurn Alpha Android SVN Hundreds FBA 0.2.97.42
(based on MAME 0.187)
(libretro)
Consoles
Virtual Console Wii ? Various[N 5] ?
NJEMU PSP 2.3.5 4
(CPS1, CPS2, Neo Geo, Neo Geo CD)
MAME 0.152
Unofficial Mod PSP 2.3.1[N 6] 4
(CPS1, CPS2, Neo Geo, Neo Geo CD)
MAME 0.120 ?
FBA4PSP PSP v12.4.0 1
(CPS1)
MAME 0.141
  1. 1.0 1.1 RetroArch cores: mame (latest), mame2016 (0.174), mame2014 (0.159), mame2010 (0.139), mame2003 (0.78), mame2000 aka mame4all (0.37b5)
  2. Open-Source DAPHNE - new fork with an open-source frontend for 64-bit Linux.
  3. OpenParrot - new open-source core distinct from TeknoParrot.
  4. Only available on mobile as a libretro core (e.g. RetroArch).
  5. Includes games from publishers such as Namco, Sega, Tecmo and Capcom, also Neo Geo
  6. Generate cache with included romcnv utility.

Comparisons

MAME
Very extensive in scope, with the majority of arcade system boards from the 1970's, 1980's and early 1990's supported. Do not expect support for more recent boards, such as Atomiswave. MAME focuses on accuracy and preservation, meaning usability comes second for the end user. Only the most up to date ROM dumps will work in the latest MAME.
FinalBurn Alpha
Supports many boards, such as Neo Geo, Capcom CPS1-3, and others. It is very good for the boards it supports. The Neo Geo X system, in fact, uses FBA. It offers much better speeds on lower-end hardware than MAME and has been ported to many different devices, such as PlayStation 3, Xbox, Xbox 360, Sega Saturn, Android, Wii, Dingoo, and many others. Development is inactive, as many of the developers have moved on to FinalBurn Neo.
DICE
Emulates old arcade machines from the early 1970's at a very high level of accuracy. Since these machines had no CPU, the emulator instead emulates discrete logic components in the circuit board. This method is very system-intensive, and getting full speed requires at least a mid-range gaming PC along with the 64-bit version of the emulator. Due to incompatibility with the newest Windows, the program will need to be run in compatibility mode or else it would crash when attempting to run a game.
Supermodel
Emulates Sega's Model 3 arcade platform focusing on accuracy. Presently, Supermodel is in a very early "alpha" stage of development, meaning it lacks many planned features. It does not yet have a user-friendly graphical interface, and all CPUs are emulated using straightforward (and slow) interpretation rather than fast just-in-time translation. Game compatibility is quite good. It has an experimental multi-player network build.
Model 2 Emulator
Emulates, as per its name, Sega's Model 2 arcade platform with a focus on speed over accuracy. Despite this, however, it still manages to play games for that hardware with far higher accuracy than MAME currently can.
Virtual Console
Emulates Sega, Namco, Capcom and Tecmo arcade games, in addition to Neo Geo. It is a viable method for official emulation, but forces you to play like you would on a real arcade machine.

References